Sensibilidad a la insulina y síndrome metabólico

"El Síndrome Metabólico (SM) es considerado un problema de salud pública a nivel mundial. La Diabetes tipo 2 (DT2) y las enfermedades cardiovasculares son dos de las complicaciones del SM que se encuentran dentro de las principales causas de muerte de la población en edad productiva. La comprensión de los mecanismos responsables del inicio y desarrollo del SM permitirá el diagnóstico temprano y el diseño de estrategias de prevención de las complicaciones. Se ha sugerido recientemente que el origen del SM es en realidad la consecuencia de la interacción entre los defectos en la sensibilidad a la insulina y la función de la célula-beta del páncreas endocrino, lo que, a su vez, es un factor condicionante para el desarrollo de las alteraciones metabólicas propias de este síndrome"

Regulación de la ingesta de alimento: una aproximación al sistema endocannabinoide

"El sobrepeso y la obesidad son un problema de salud mundial y su prevalencia continúa en aumento. Se calcula que son 300 millones de adultos obesos y 4 veces más tienen sobrepeso. El panorama para la población infantil tampoco es alentador, si consideramos que 43 millones de niños menores a 5 años son obesos o tienen sobrepeso. La acumulación de grasa corporal puede deberse a un desequilibrio en la compleja interacción de señales químicas entre el sistema nervioso central y tejidos periféricos encargados del control de la conducta alimentaria. Diversos estudios sugieren la participación del sistema endocannabinoide como un regulador clave de la ingesta de alimento. La inhibición farmacológica de los receptores CB1 y la regulación de su expresión a través de la dieta tienen un gran potencial como alternativa para el tratamiento de alteraciones de la conducta alimentaria y de uno de los trastornos más prevalentes, el síndrome metabólico"

Regulación de la ingesta de alimento: una aproximación al sistema endocannabinoide.

El sobrepeso y la obesidad son un problema de salud mundial y su prevalencia continúa en aumento. Se calcula que son 300 millones de adultos obesos y 4 veces más tienen sobrepeso. El panorama para la población infantil tampoco es alentador, si consideramos que 43 millones de niños menores a 5 años son obesos o tienen sobrepeso. La acumulación de grasa corporal puede deberse a un desequilibrio en la compleja interacción de señales químicas entre el sistema nervioso central y tejidos periféricos encargados del control de la conducta alimentaria. Diversos estudios sugieren la participación del sistema endocannabinoide como un regulador clave de la ingesta de alimento. La inhibición farmacológica de los receptores CB1 y la regulación de su expresión a través de la dieta tienen un gran potencial como alternativa para el tratamiento de alteraciones de la conducta alimentaria y de uno de los trastornos más prevalentes, el síndrome metabólico.AbstractOverweight and obesity are a global health problem and its prevalence continues to rise. An estimated 300 million adults are obese and 4 times more are overweight. The outlook for children is not encouraging, considering that 43 million children under five years are obese or overweight. The accumulation of body fat may be due to an imbalance in the complex interplay of chemical signals between the central nervous system and peripheral tissues responsible for controlling feeding behavior. Several studies suggest the involvement of the endocannabinoid system as a key regulator of food intake. Pharmacological inhibition of CB1 receptors and the regulation of their expression through diet have great potential as an alternative for the treatment of disorders of eating behavior and one of the most prevalent disorders, metabolic syndrome

Rationale and Protocol of the Multimodality Evaluation of Antibody-Mediated Injury in Heart Transplantation (LEONE-HT) Observational Cross-Sectional Study

Introduction: Heart transplant (HT) survival has barely improved in the last decades, which is unsatisfactory for many HT recipients. The development of anti-human leukocyte antigen (anti-HLA) antibodies in HT patients is associated with a cardiac allograft dysfunction. The mechanisms leading to this damage are unclear. The Multimodality Evaluation Of Antibody-Mediated Injury In Heart Transplantation (LEONE-HT) study aimed to thoroughly describe the damage inflicted on the myocardium by anti-HLA antibodies. Methods and analysis: The LEONE-HT study is a cohort study with a cross-sectional approach in which HT patients with positive anti-HLA antibodies are compared with coetaneous HT patients with negative anti-HLA antibodies. All patients will undergo a state-of-the-art multimodal assessment, including imaging techniques, coronary anatomy and physiology evaluations and histological and immunological analyses. The individual and combined primary outcomes of structural graft injuries and longitudinal secondary outcomes are to be compared between the exposed and non-exposed groups with univariate and multivariable descriptive analyses. Ethics and dissemination: The LEONE-HT study is carried out in accordance with the principles set out in the Declaration of Helsinki and the International Conference on Harmonization guidelines for good clinical practice and following national laws and regulations. The study design, objectives and participant centers have been communicated to clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05184426). The LEONE-HT study counts on the support of patient associations to disseminate the objectives and results of the research. This study was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and the Spanish Society of Cardiology

Using non-radial DEA to assess school efficiency in a cross-country perspective: An empirical analysis of OECD countries

In this paper we use data from OECD countries participating in PISA 2012 to assess the efficiency of schools in a cross-country framework. In the analysis, and in contrast to previous applications, we consider that schools might concentrate their efforts on improving the results in one dimension of the educational output to a greater extent than in the other. To do this, we rely on non-radial efficiency measures of performance and the estimation of an educational production function based upon Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) techniques. Specifically, DEA non-radial measures allow for identifying different levels of inefficiency for each output considered (reading and maths). In particular, we apply a non-radial measure based on Ando et al. [5] and Aparicio et al. [12]. Our results show that the majority of schools in OECD countries tend to be less efficient in reading than in mathematicsJuan Aparicio and Martin Gonzalez thank the financial support from the Spanish Ministry for Economy and Competitiveness (Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad), the State Research Agency (Agencia Estatal de Investigacion) and the European Regional Development Fund (Fondo Europeo de DEsarrollo Regional) under grant MTM2016-79765-P (AEI/FEDER, UE)Jose M. Cordero also acknowledges the support from the Spanish Ministry for Economy and Competitiveness through grant ECO2014-53702-Pand Junta de Extremadura through grant IB16171