La fauna cretácica del Castell de Bac Grillera (Pirineos Catalanes)

El estudio de los macroforaminíferos y rudistas, contenidos en los materiales cretácicos que constituyen las escamas del Castell de Bac Grillera, nos ha permitido un control biostratigráfico y cronológico de las distintas unidades que constituyen la serie sedimentaria. La transgresión cretácica se inicia, en este sector de los Pirineos, en el Santoniense superior (filozona de  Praesiderolites santoniensis). El Campaniense inferior y superior se fija mediante la fauna de rudistas mientras que el Campaniense medio es sólo identificado por la fauna de macroforaminíferos (filozona de Orbitoides tissoti)

La fauna cretácica del Castell de Bac Grillera (Pirineos Catalanes)

El estudio de los macroforaminíferos y rudistas, contenidos en los materiales cretácicos que constituyen las escamas del Castell de Bac Grillera, nos ha permitido un control biostratigráfico y cronológico de las distintas unidades que constituyen la serie sedimentaria. La transgresión cretácica se inicia, en este sector de los Pirineos, en el Santoniense superior (filozona de Praesiderolites santoniensis). El Campaniense inferior y superior se fija mediante la fauna de rudistas mientras que el Campaniense medio es sólo identificado por la fauna de macroforaminíferos (filozona de Orbitoides tissoti).This paper discusses the biostratigraphy and chronology of the marine Cretaceous sediments in the "Castell de Bac Grillera" thrust-sheets. The oldest sediments belong to the Upper Santonian (Praesiderolites santoniensis filozone). The Lower and Upper Campanian are identificated by means of rudists faune. Whereas the Middle Campanian is established by means of Larger Foraminifera faune (Orbitoides tissoti filozone)

New insights about the Upper Jurassic – Lower Cretaceous sedimentary successions from Asturias (NW Iberian Peninsula)

Detailed mapping of the Jurassic to pre-Albian deposits of central and eastern Asturias (NW of the Iberian Peninsula) has enabled several Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous outcrops, previously assigned to other ages, to be identified. Where possible, these outcrops have been correlated with the well-known sequences outcropping on the Asturian coast. A new Jurassic unit, the Miyares Formation, has been defined, which consists of a Lower conglomerate Unit, a Middle Unit composed mainly of oolitic limestones and an Upper Unit comprising bioclastic and marly limestones with a rich fauna of larger foraminifera. The Lower Unit is interpreted as having been deposited in a fan delta, the Middle Unit represents a shallow marine high-energy environment, and the Upper Unit was deposited on a restricted shallow marine platform. The shallow-water foraminiferal assemblage from the Upper Unit is attributed to the Tithonian and the oldest Cretaceous rocks are Barremian; there is therefore a stratigraphic gap recorded in the study area, which might correspond to the latest Jurassic to Early Cretaceous p. p. timespan.Una cartografía geológica detallada de los depósitos jurásicos y cretácicos pre-albienses ha permitido identificar varios afloramientos del Jurásico Superior y del Cretácico Inferior, asignados previamente a otras edades. Donde ha sido posible, estos afloramientos han sido correlacionados con las sucesiones bien conocidas que afloran en la costa asturiana. Se ha definido una nueva unidad, la Formación Miyares, formada por una Unidad Inferior conglomerática, una Unidad Media mayoritariamente de calizas oolíticas y una Unidad Superior de calizas bioclásticas y margosas con abundantes macroforaminíferos. La Unidad Inferior se interpreta como depósitos de fan delta, la Unidad Media representa un ambiente marino somero de alta energía, y la Unidad Superior fue depositada en una plataforma marina somera restringida. El conjunto de foraminíferos de agua somera de la Unidad Superior se atribuye al Titoniense y las rocas más antiguas del Cretácico son del Barremiense; existe por lo tanto, en el área de estudio, una laguna estratigráfica que abarca la parte terminal del Jurásico y una parte del Cretácico Inferior

BIOTIC AND ABIOTIC EVENTS IN A SHALLOW CARBONATE PLATFORM (UPPER CRETACEOUS, SOUTH PYRENEAN MARGIN)

Πραγματοποιήθηκε μία λεπτoμεpής ιζηματολογική και παλαιοντολογική μελέτη των αποθέσεων ανθρακικής πλατφόρμας της περιοχής Serres Marginals (νότιο περιθώριο της Λεκάνης των Πυρρηναίων) και αναγνωρίσθηκαν τρεις ακολουθίες ρηχών ανθρακικών αποθέσεων (Cl, C2 και C3). Εντός των αποθέσεων ρηχής πλατφόρμας περιγράφονται ενδιάμεσης ενέργειας υποπαλιρροιακές έως ενδοπαλιρροιακές φάσεις, αβαθείς άμμοι υψηλής ενέργειας καθώς και λιμνοθαλάσσια έως λιμναία περιβάλλοντα.A detailed sedimentological and paleontological study of the Late Santonian-Late Campanian carbonate platform deposits of the Serres Marginals area (South margin of the Pyrenean Basin) has been performed. Three depositional shallow carbonate sequences have been distinguished (CI, C2 and C3). Within the shallow platform sequences moderate energy subtidal to intertidal, high energy sand-shoal, protected lagoon and restricted lagoon to lacustrine fades have been identified

MONITORAMENTO DE UM TRECHO DO BOSQUE DE MANGUE SITUADO NA FOZ DO RIO SÃO MATEUS, CONCEIÇÃO DA BARRA (ES) ENTRE OS ANOS DE 1970 E 2011

O presente trabalho é fruto de pesquisas realizadas no litoral norte do estado do Espírito Santo, cuja proposta é monitorar as modificações geomorfológicas e fitogeográficas ocorridas nos manguezais da foz do rio São Mateus desde 1970 até os dias atuais. Realizou-se levantamentos fitossociológicos do setor 1 dos manguezais em 1999 e a reavaliou-se em 2011. O resultado parcial desse trabalho é o mapeamento da foz do rio São Mateus em cinco diferentes anos, analisando o processo de sedimentação e possível colonização por mangues. A análise integrada de todos as dados levantados, ira possibilitar considerar a correlação entre os processos naturais e as atividades humanas e entender a evolução e a configuração do estuário e de seus elementos morfológicos e fitogeográficos, apoiada nos pressupostos metodológicos de Ab'Sáber (1969), Ross (1992) e Thom (1982). A correlação dos elementos e fatores, à luz da visão sistêmica foi fundamental para esta pesquisa

Does the diurnal cycle of cortisol explain the relationship between physical performance and cognitive function in older adults?

Background Regular physical activity is a promising strategy to treat and prevent cognitive decline. The mechanisms that mediate these benefits are not fully clear but physical activity is thought to attenuate the harmful effects of chronic psychological stress and hypercortisolism on cognition. However, the circadian pattern of cortisol secretion is complex and it is not known which aspects are most closely associated with increased cognitive function and better physical performance. This is the first study to simultaneously measure cognitive function, the diurnal cycle of salivary cortisol and physical performance in older adults, without cognitive impairment (n = 30) and with amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI) (n = 30). Results Regression analysis showed that better cognitive function was associated with better physical performance. A greater variance in cortisol levels across the day from morning to evening was associated with better cognitive function and physical performance. Conclusions The results support the idea that a more dynamic cortisol secretion pattern is associated with better cognitive function and physical performance even in the presence of cognitive impairment, but our results could not confirm a mediating role in this relationship

Current trends in cannulation and neuroprotection during surgery of the aortic arch in Europe†‡

OBJECTIVES To conduct a survey across European cardiac centres to evaluate the methods used for cerebral protection during aortic surgery involving the aortic arch. METHODS All European centres were contacted and surgeons were requested to fill out a short, comprehensive questionnaire on an internet-based platform. One-third of more than 400 contacted centres completed the survey correctly. RESULTS The most preferred site for arterial cannulation is the subclavian-axillary, both in acute and chronic presentation. The femoral artery is still frequently used in the acute condition, while the ascending aorta is a frequent second choice in the case of chronic presentation. Bilateral antegrade brain perfusion is chosen by the majority of centres (2/3 of cases), while retrograde perfusion or circulatory arrest is very seldom used and almost exclusively in acute clinical presentation. The same pumping system of the cardio pulmonary bypass is most of the time used for selective cerebral perfusion, and the perfusate temperature is usually maintained between 22 and 26°C. One-third of the centres use lower temperatures. Perfusate flow and pressure are fairly consistent among centres in the range of 10-15 ml/kg and 60 mmHg, respectively. In 60% of cases, barbiturates are added for cerebral protection, while visceral perfusion still receives little attention. Regarding cerebral monitoring, there is a general tendency to use near-infrared spectroscopy associated with bilateral radial pressure measurement. CONCLUSIONS These data represent a snapshot of the strategies used for cerebral protection during major aortic surgery in current practice, and may serve as a reference for standardization and refinement of different approache