Propuesta metodológica de representación gráfica aplicado al estudio antropológico de la cultura cañari

Today there is a large number of products that refer to or pay tribute to various symbols or graphics referring to cultures; throughout history these representations were generated in a native way by craftsmen in various areas such as: textiles, ceramics, decoration and other products with a symbolic load in reference to a culture. This causes a conflict in the understanding of: forms, figures or chromatic, around the concept and background of the element, in addition the bad management contributes to the nonappropriate use of later representations, this due to an absence of a methodology that contributes basic concepts of construction of the image, semiotics and chromatic. This article it’s about of how to conceptualize compositional elements for use according to design methodologies by developing a manual for the representation of symbolic forms of a culture as an example, in this case the Cañari which consists of a publication that can be used by teachers, students and professionals in the area of Graphic Design, as a reference for the visualization of graphic compositions and illustrations that were obtained from the analysis of pre-Columbian objects, applied in an article of daily use such as an ecological shopping bag through the following process: morphological analysis, formal geometrization, use of chromatics and typography and generation of compositions from the foundations of the design.Hoy en día existe una gran cantidad de productos que hacen referencia o rinden homenaje a diversas simbologías o graficas referentes a culturas; a lo largo de la historia dichas representaciones eran generadas de forma autóctona por parte de artesanos en diversas áreas como son: textiles, cerámicas, decoración y demás productos con una carga simbólica en referencia a una cultura. Esto provoca un conflicto en el entendimiento de: formas, figuras o cromática, entorno al concepto y trasfondo del elemento, además el mal manejo contribuye al uso no apropiado de posteriores representaciones, esto debido a una ausencia de una metodología que aporte conceptos básicos de construcción de la imagen, semiótica y cromática. Este artículo trata sobre la conceptualización de elementos compositivos para un uso acorde a metodologías referentes al diseño por medio del desarrollo de un manual de representación de formas sígnicas de una cultura como ejemplo, en este caso la Cañari el cual consiste en una publicación que pueden utilizar docentes, estudiantes y profesionales del área del Diseño Gráfico, como un referente para la visualización de composiciones gráficas e ilustraciones que se obtuvieron del análisis de objetos precolombinos, aplicados en un artículo de uso diario como es una bolsa ecológica de compras a través del siguiente proceso: análisis morfológico, geometrización formal, uso de cromática y tipografía y generación de composiciones a partir de los fundamentos del diseño.Hoy en día existe una gran cantidad de productos que hacen referencia o rinden homenaje a diversas simbologías o graficas referentes a culturas; a lo largo de la historia dichas representaciones eran generadas de forma autóctona por parte de artesanos en diversas áreas como son: textiles, cerámicas, decoración y demás productos con una carga simbólica en referencia a una cultura. Esto provoca un conflicto en el entendimiento de: formas, figuras o cromática, entorno al concepto y trasfondo del elemento, además el mal manejo contribuye al uso no apropiado de posteriores representaciones, esto debido a una ausencia de una metodología que aporte conceptos básicos de construcción de la imagen, semiótica y cromática. Este artículo trata sobre la conceptualización de elementos compositivos para un uso acorde a metodologías referentes al diseño por medio del desarrollo de un manual de representación de formas sígnicas de una cultura como ejemplo, en este caso la Cañari el cual consiste en una publicación que pueden utilizar docentes, estudiantes y profesionales del área del Diseño Gráfico, como un referente para la visualización de composiciones gráficas e ilustraciones que se obtuvieron del análisis de objetos precolombinos, aplicados en un artículo de uso diario como es una bolsa ecológica de compras a través del siguiente proceso: análisis morfológico, geometrización formal, uso de cromática y tipografía y generación de composiciones a partir de los fundamentos del diseño

SATCON2: Community Engagement Working Group Report

The SATCON2 Community Engagement Working Group aimed to engage a broad and diverse swath of stakeholders in dark skies and near-Earth space who are impacted by large mega-constellations of tens of thousands of low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites, beyond professional astronomy alone. The working group consisted of 22 members across 23 time zones including professional and amateur astronomers, members of sovereign Indigenous/First Nations communities, dark-sky advocates, planetarium professionals, and environmental/ecological non-governmental organizations. We set out to work together towards a new and effective conceptual, ethical, legal, and regulatory framework for the protection and sustainability of space and the night sky as a global cultural, natural and scientific commons. Community Engagement Working Group members invested thousands of volunteer hours in working group meetings, listening sessions with impacted constituencies, numerous conversations, developing, conducting and analyzing surveys, and finalizing our results and recommendations

Estructuración del proceso de selección de personal de acuerdo al sistema de gestión integral de FECEDA (Fondo de Empleados Oficiales del Departamento del Meta)

El presente trabajo de grado, titulado: “Estructuración del Modelo estratégico de selección de personal de acuerdo al Sistema de Gestión Integral de FECEDA (Fondo de Empleados Oficiales del Departamento del Meta)”; se focaliza en comprender la dinámica de selección de personal en la organización objeto de estudio, acorde a eso visibilizar falencias y desde el aula mater proponer como discentes y futuros profesionales mejorar el proceso llevado a cabo hasta el momento. En lo que es la metodología de la investigación, se parte de un enfoque cuantitativo y este a su vez se nutre de metodologías como la observación no participante, fuentes documentales y cuestionarios. Además, en lo que es el análisis de los resultados se da por sentado que no se convoca paulatinamente personal a razón que se da persistencia en cada puesto de trabajo, lo que hace presumir que el proceso de selección se encuentra bien direccionado. Para finiquitar, se presenta un plan de mejora que puede ser replicado por otras entidades a futuro.The present degree work, entitled: "Structuring the strategic model for personnel selection according to the Comprehensive Management System of FECEDA (Fund of Official Employees of the Meta Department)"; focuses on understanding the dynamics of personnel selection in the organization under study, according to that make visible shortcomings and from the mater classroom propose as students and future professionals to improve the process carried out so far. In what is the research methodology, it starts from a quantitative approach and this in turn is nourished by methodologies such as non-participant observation, documentary sources and questionnaires. In addition, in what is the analysis of the results, it is assumed that personnel are not gradually summoned due to the persistence in each job position, which suggests that the selection process is well directed. To finalize, an improvement plan is presented that can be replicated by other entities in the futur

Nitrogen Metabolism and Biomass Production in Forest Trees

Low nitrogen (N) availability is a major limiting factor for tree growth and development. N uptake, assimilation, storage and remobilization are key processes in the economy of this essential nutrient, and its efficient metabolic use largely determines vascular development, tree productivity and biomass production. Recently, advances have been made that improve our knowledge about the molecular regulation of acquisition, assimilation and internal recycling of N in forest trees. In poplar, a model tree widely used for molecular and functional studies, the biosynthesis of glutamine plays a central role in N metabolism, influencing multiple pathways both in primary and secondary metabolism. Moreover, the molecular regulation of glutamine biosynthesis is particularly relevant for accumulation of N reserves during dormancy and in N remobilization that takes place at the onset of the next growing season. The characterization of transgenic poplars overexpressing structural and regulatory genes involved in glutamine biosynthesis has provided insights into how glutamine metabolism may influence the N economy and biomass production in forest trees. Here, a general overview of this research topic is outlined, recent progress are analyzed and challenges for future research are discussed

Visceral leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis associated with Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is mainly caused by Leishmania (Leishmania) donovani and Leishmania (L.) infantum; however, other Leishmania species have been associated with VL. We report a case of a patient simultaneously diagnosed with VL caused by Leishmania (L.) amazonensis and Hodgkin’s lymphoma. After treatment with liposomal amphotericin B and chemotherapy, the patient presented a clinical cure. This case report reinforces the hypothesis that other Leishmania species can cause visceral lesions mainly related to immunosuppression

Regulation of mammalian liver methionine adenosyltransferase

S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) is an essential metabolite in all cells. SAM is the most important biological methyl group donor and is a precursor in the synthesis of polyamines. Methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT; EC 2.5.1.6) catalyzes the only known SAM biosynthetic reaction from methionine and ATP. In mammalian tissues, three different forms of MAT (MAT I, MAT III and MAT II) have been identified that are the product of two different genes (MAT1A and MAT2A). Although MAT2A is expressed in all mammalian tissues, the expression of MAT1A is primarily restricted to adult liver. In mammals, up to 85% of all methylation reactions and as much as 48% of methionine metabolism occurs in the liver, which indicates the important role of this organ in the regulation of blood methionine. Recent evidence indicates that not only is SAM the main biological methyl group donor and an intermediate metabolite in methionine catabolism, but it is also an intracellular control switch that regulates essential hepatic functions such as liver regeneration and differentiation as well as the sensitivity of this organ to injury. Therefore, knowledge of factors that regulate the activity of MAT I/III, the specific liver enzyme, is essential to understand how cellular SAM levels are controlled

FRECUENCIA DE LA INFECCIÓN POR VIRUS DE LA HEPATITIS C EN PACIENTES CON CIRROSIS HEPÁTICA EN YUCATÁN.

Introducción. La hepatitis C es causada por el virus de la hepatitis C (VHC), la Organización Mundial de la Salud estima 170 millones de personas se encuentran infectadas por el virus. El 80% de los infectados no elimina el virus de manera natural volviéndose crónico y llevando al desarrollo de cirrosis hepática en el 20% de los casos y carcinoma hepatocelular en el 10%. México se estima una seroprevalencia de 1.5% en la población general, y en Yucatán de 1.6%. En pacientes con cirrosis hepática se estima 32% en el Estado. Objetivo. Detectar la presencia de la infección activa de los VHC en los pacientes con cirrosis hepática que son atendidos en el Hospital General “Dr. Agustín O’Horán” de Mérida Yucatán. Metodología. Se tomaron 62 muestras séricas, se realizó la extracción de ARN total seguido de la síntesis de ADNc, la amplificación de la región 5' no codificante de los VHC con la técnica de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa, obteniendo un amplicon de 144 pares de bases. Resultado y Conclusión. 46.16% de las muestras séricas de los pacientes presentaron genoma viral circulante; hubo un aumento de la cirrosis causada por el VHC en un periodo de 10 años

Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of asthma in ethnically diverse North American populations.

Asthma is a common disease with a complex risk architecture including both genetic and environmental factors. We performed a meta-analysis of North American genome-wide association studies of asthma in 5,416 individuals with asthma (cases) including individuals of European American, African American or African Caribbean, and Latino ancestry, with replication in an additional 12,649 individuals from the same ethnic groups. We identified five susceptibility loci. Four were at previously reported loci on 17q21, near IL1RL1, TSLP and IL33, but we report for the first time, to our knowledge, that these loci are associated with asthma risk in three ethnic groups. In addition, we identified a new asthma susceptibility locus at PYHIN1, with the association being specific to individuals of African descent (P = 3.9 × 10(-9)). These results suggest that some asthma susceptibility loci are robust to differences in ancestry when sufficiently large samples sizes are investigated, and that ancestry-specific associations also contribute to the complex genetic architecture of asthma

Measurement of the cosmic ray spectrum above 4×10184{\times}10^{18} eV using inclined events detected with the Pierre Auger Observatory

A measurement of the cosmic-ray spectrum for energies exceeding $4{\times}10^{18}$ eV is presented, which is based on the analysis of showers with zenith angles greater than $60^{\circ}$ detected with the Pierre Auger Observatory between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2013. The measured spectrum confirms a flux suppression at the highest energies. Above $5.3{\times}10^{18}$ eV, the "ankle", the flux can be described by a power law $E^{-\gamma}$ with index $\gamma=2.70 \pm 0.02 \,\text{(stat)} \pm 0.1\,\text{(sys)}$ followed by a smooth suppression region. For the energy ($E_\text{s}$) at which the spectral flux has fallen to one-half of its extrapolated value in the absence of suppression, we find $E_\text{s}=(5.12\pm0.25\,\text{(stat)}^{+1.0}_{-1.2}\,\text{(sys)}){\times}10^{19}$ eV.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO