Eficacia del paracetamol intravenoso para el cierre del conducto arterioso persistente en recién nacidos prematuros en el HRDMI El Carmen - 2018

En el Perú la prematuridad sigue siendo una de las primeras causas de mortalidad neonatal de los recién nacidos de bajo peso al nacer, siendo una de sus comorbilidades la persistencia del conducto arterioso como la cardiopatía más frecuente en los Recién Nacidos Prematuros. Objetivo. - Determinar la eficacia del paracetamol intravenoso para el cierre del conducto arterioso persistente en recién nacidos prematuros en el HRDMI El Carmen - 2018 Materiales y Métodos. - Este trabajo de investigación es de tipo observacional, longitudinal, se ejecutó en el servicio Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales del HRDMI “El Carmen”, durante el año 2018, con una muestra de 32 recién nacidos con diagnóstico de conducto arterioso permeable por ecocardiografía. El análisis estadístico se realizó en SPSS v24. Resultados. - La eficacia del paracetamol intravenoso para el cierre del conducto arterioso persistente en recién nacidos prematuros, con un éxito de 46.87% en la ciudad de Huancayo durante el año 2018. Dentro de los hallazgos tenemos, una edad materna promedio de 27.09 años, controles prenatales con un promedio de 3.21, predomino el sexo masculino en los recién nacidos en 62,50%, la edad gestacional promedio de 33.6 Semanas y el Peso al nacer promedio de 1813.30g. La edad de diagnóstico fue un promedio de 3.71 días de vida y las manifestaciones clínicas que motivaron el diagnóstico fue la presencia del soplo sistólico, seguidos por taquicardia, pulsos amplios y mayor dificultad respiratorio. La duración de tratamiento promedio fue de 3.75 días, con una dosis de 15 mg/kg/día y durante el tratamiento no se presentó ningún efecto adverso. Conclusión. - La eficacia del paracetamol intravenoso para el cierre del conducto arterioso persistente en recién nacidos prematuros es de 46.87%, siendo una buena alternativa en comparación de otros fármacos.Trabajo de investigació

Epidemiology of dengue fever in Guatemala

Dengue fever occurs worldwide and about 1% of cases progress to severe haemorrhage and shock. Dengue is endemic in Guatemala and its surveillance system could document long term trends. We analysed 17 years of country-wide dengue surveillance data in Guatemala to describe epidemiological trends from 2000 to 2016.Data from the national dengue surveillance database were analysed to describe dengue serotype frequency, seasonality, and outbreaks. We used Poisson regression models to compare the number of cases each year with subsequent years and to estimate incidence ratios within serotype adjusted by age and gender. 91,554 samples were tested. Dengue was confirmed by RT-qPCR, culture or NS1-ELISA in 7097 (7.8%) cases and was IgM ELISA-positive in 19,290 (21.1%) cases. DENV1, DENV2, DENV3, and DENV4 were detected in 2218 (39.5%), 2580 (45.9%), 591 (10.5%), and 230 (4.1%) cases. DENV1 and DENV2 were the predominant serotypes, but all serotypes caused epidemics. The largest outbreak occurred in 2010 with 1080 DENV2 cases reported. The incidence was higher among adults during epidemic years, with significant increases in 2005, 2007, and 2013 DENV1 outbreaks, the 2010 DENV2 and 2003 DENV3 outbreaks. Adults had a lower incidence immediately after epidemics, which is likely linked to increased immunity

Calidad de vida relacionada a la salud oral en escolares del sector urbano y rural. Cañar, Ecuador

Objetivos: Comparar el impacto de las condiciones orales sobre la calidad de vida en los escolares del sector urbano y rural del cantón Cañar Ecuador, en el año 2015. Material y Métodos: Estudio transversal, observacional que evaluó a 170 escolares que cumplieron con criterios de selección. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de una entrevista personalizada que empleo la versión en español validada en Perú del Child-OIDP Index para determinar el impacto de 17 condiciones bucales sobre 8 desempeños diarios y posteriormente establecer la intensidad, extensión y severidad. Resultados: Se determinó que: El 75,5% de escolares refirieron uno o más desempeños impactados. Las condiciones más señaladas como problema fueron: Diente cariado y dolor de muela tanto en la zona urbana como rural (41,4% y 26,3%) (50,7% y 39,4%). Los desempeños diarios más afectados fueron comer y sonreír para la zona urbana y rural (41,4% y 53,5%) (36,4% y 22,5%) respectivamente. Conclusiónes:Existió diferencia estadísticamente significativa de acuerdo a lugar de procedencia y sexo de (p=0,048)(p= 0,011) respectivamente en escolares del Cantón Cañar

Novel role for amphiregulin in protection from liver injury

Clinically, the Fas and Fas ligand system plays a central role in the development of hepatocyte apoptosis, a process contributing to a broad spectrum of liver diseases. Therefore, the development of therapies aimed at the inhibition of hepatocyte apoptosis is a major issue. Activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor has been shown to convey survival signals to the hepatocyte. To learn about the endogenous response of epidermal growth factor receptor ligands during Fas-mediated liver injury we investigated the expression of epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factor alpha, heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor, betacellulin, epiregulin, and amphiregulin in the liver of mice challenged with Fas-agonist antibody. Amphiregulin expression, barely detectable in healthy liver, was significantly up-regulated. Amphiregulin administration abrogated Fas-mediated liver injury in mice and showed direct anti-apoptotic effects in primary hepatocytes. Amphiregulin activated the Akt and signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 survival pathways, and up-regulated Bcl-xL expression. Amphiregulin knock-out mice showed signs of chronic liver damage in the absence of any noxious treatment, and died faster than wild type mice in response to lethal doses of Fas-agonist antibody. In contrast, these mice were more resistant against sublethal liver damage, supporting the hypothesis that chronic liver injury can precondition hepatocytes inducing resistance to subsequent cell death. These results show that amphiregulin is a protective factor induced in response to liver damage and that it may be therapeutic in liver diseases

Amphiregulin contributes to the transformed phenotype of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells

Hepatocellular carcinoma is a major cause of cancer-related deaths. Current treatments are not effective, and the identification of relevant pathways and novel therapeutic targets are much needed. Increasing evidences point to the activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) as an important mechanism in the development of hepatocarcinoma. We previously described that amphiregulin (AR), a ligand of the EGFR, is not expressed in healthy liver but is up-regulated during chronic liver injury, the background on which most liver tumors develop. Now, we have studied the expression and role of AR in human hepatocarcinoma. AR expression and function was studied in human liver tumors and cell lines. AR is expressed in human hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and cell lines and behaves as a mitogenic and antiapoptotic growth factor for hepatocarcinoma cells. We provide several lines of evidence, including AR silencing by small interfering RNAs and inhibition of amphiregulin by neutralizing antibodies, showing the existence of an AR-mediated autocrine loop that contributes to the transformed phenotype. Indeed, interference with endogenous AR production resulted in reduced constitutive EGFR signaling, inhibition of cell proliferation, anchorage-independent growth, and enhanced apoptosis. Moreover, knockdown of AR potentiated transforming growth factor-beta and doxorubicin-induced apoptosis. Conversely, overexpression of AR in SK-Hep1 cells enhanced their proliferation rate, anchorage-independent growth, drug resistance, and in vivo tumorigenic potential. These observations suggest that AR is involved in the acquisition of neoplastic traits in the liver and thus constitutes a novel therapeutic target in human hepatocarcinoma

Competencias digitales para el profesorado universitario

“En el año 2013, la Comunidad Europea elabora el ``Marco Común Europeo de Competencias Digitales’’, o DigComp, que recoge las capacidades o habilidades que todo ciudadano debe tener en el ámbito digital para desarrollarse social y profesionalmente de una manera competente. Y, posteriormente, se desarrolla el ``Marco Común Europeo de Competencias Digitales Docentes’’, o DigCompEdu, centrado en el docente. Son documentos en continua evolución y que, basándose en ellos, permite a las instituciones elaborar criterios de evaluación y certificación de competencias. Las áreas en las que se agrupan las competencias digitales y que se dan a conocer en este libro son: información y alfabetización informacional, comunicación y colaboración, creación de contenidos digitales, seguridad y resolución de problemas

Characterization of a Ferryl Flip in Electronically Tuned Nonheme Complexes. Consequences in Hydrogen Atom Transfer Reactivity

Two oxoiron(IV) isomers (R2a and R2b) of general formula [FeIV(O)(RPyNMe3)(CH3CN)]2+ are obtained by reaction of their iron(II) precursor with NBu4IO4. The two isomers differ in the position of the oxo ligand, cis and trans to the pyridine donor. The mechanism of isomerization between R2a and R2b has been determined by kinetic and computational analyses uncovering an unprecedented path for interconversion of geometrical oxoiron(IV) isomers. The activity of the two oxoiron(IV) isomers in hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) reactions shows that R2a reacts one order of magnitude faster than R2b, which is explained by a repulsive noncovalent interaction between the ligand and the substrate in R2b. Interestingly, the electronic properties of the R substituent in the ligand pyridine ring do not have a significant effect on reaction rates. Overall, the intrinsic structural aspects of each isomer define their relative HAT reactivity, overcoming changes in electronic properties of the ligand

Evaluation of endothelial function and subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with HIV infection

The aim of this study was to analyse the association between human immunodefciency virus (HIV) related clinical and analytical parameters and the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis as well as endothelial dysfunction. This was a prospective cohort study of HIV-positive patients who underwent intima media thickness (IMT) determination and coronary artery calcium scoring to determine subclinical atherosclerosis. To detect endothelial dysfunction, the breath holding index, fow-mediated dilation and the concentration of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) were measured. Patients with an IMT? 0.9 mm had an average of 559.3 ± 283.34 CD4/?l, and those with an IMT< 0.9 mm had an average of 715.4 ± 389.92 CD4/?l (p= 0.04). Patients with a low calcium score had a signifcantly higher average CD4 cell value and lower zenith viral load (VL) than those with a higher score (707.7 ± 377.5 CD4/?l vs 477.23 ± 235.7 CD4/?l (p= 0.01) and 7 ×?¬104 ± 5 ×?¬104 copies/ml vs 23.4 × 104 ± 19 × 104 copies/ml (p= 0.02)). The number of early EPCs in patients with a CD4 nadir< 350/ µl was lower than that in those with a CD4 nadir? 350 (p= 0.03). In HIV-positive patients, low CD4 cell levels and high VL were associated with risk of developing subclinical atherosclerosis. HIV patients with CD4 cell nadir < 350/µl may have fewer early EPCs

Bifunctional W/NH Cuboidal Aminophosphino W3S4 Cluster Hydrides: The Puzzling Behaviour behind the Hydridic-Protonic Interplay

The novel [W3S4H3(edpp)3]+ (edpp=(2-aminoethyl)diphenylphosphine) (1+) cluster hydride with an acidic −NH2 functionality has been synthetized and studied. Its crystal structure shows the characteristic incomplete W3S4 cubane core with the outer positions occupied by the P and N atoms of the edpp ligands. Although no signal due to the hydride ligands is observed in the 1H NMR spectrum, hydride assignment is supported by 1H-15N HSQC techniques, the changes in the 31P{1H} NMR chemical shift, and FT-IR spectra in the W−H region of the deuterated [W3S4D2H(edpp)3]+ (1+-d2) samples. Moreover, all NMR evidences suggest that one of the hydrogen atoms of the NH2 group in 1+ is rapidly exchanging with the hydride. The reaction of 1+ with acids (HCl, HBr and DCl) features complex polyphasic kinetics with zero-order dependence with respect to the acid concentration, being also independent of the solvent nature. This behavior differs from that of their diphosphino analogues, suggesting a different mechanism