Historia de un plagio: las coplas sefardíes Los tiempos modernos, de Sa‘adí Haleví, y El lujo y la escasez, de Ya‘acob Yoná

El presente artículo consta de dos partes fundamentales. En la primera se lleva a cabo la edición crítica y el estudio de las dos versiones de la copla satírica y crítica titulada Los tiempos modernos, del coplero salonicense Sa'adí Haleví (versión A, plasmada en siete ediciones que vieron la luz en Salónica entre 1873 y 1935; y versión B, que apareció en Sarajevo en 1932). En la segunda parte del artículo las autoras abordan el tema de los plagios que de las coplas de Haleví hizo otro coplero salonicense, Ya'acob Yoná, plagio que se muestra especialmente con la edición y estudio de la copla de este último titulada El lujo y la escasez, que vio la luz en Salónica en 1915.Peer reviewe

Juguem amb la taula periòdica

L'aprenentatge de la taula periòdica, els seus elements i els seus símbols també es pot realitzar d'una manera divertida. A continuació es presenta una activitat que es pot proposar als alumnes d'ESO dins de la unitat corresponent a l'estudi de l'àtom i de la taula periòdic

Meat Intake, Cooking Methods, Doneness Preferences and Risk of Gastric Adenocarcinoma in the MCC-Spain Study

Background: The association of meat intake with gastric adenocarcinoma is controversial. We examined the relation between white, red, and processed meat intake and gastric adenocarcinoma, considering doneness preference and cooking methods, by histological subtype and anatomical subsite. Methods: MCC-Spain is a multicase–control study that included 286 incident gastric adenocarcinoma cases and 2993 controls who answered a food-frequency questionnaire. The association of gastric adenocarcinoma with meat intake, doneness preference and cooking methods was assessed using binary multivariate logistic regression mixed models and a possible interaction with sex was considered. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to estimate risk by tumor subsite (cardia vs. non-cardia) and subtype (intestinal vs. diffuse). Sensitivity analyses were conducted comparing models with and without data on Helicobacter pylori infection. Results: The intake of red and processed meat increased gastric adenocarcinoma risk (OR for one serving/week increase (95% CI) = 1.11 (1.02;1.20) and 1.04 (1.00;1.08), respectively), specifically among men and for non-cardia and intestinal gastric adenocarcinoma. Those who consume well done white or red meat showed higher risk of non-cardia (white: RRR = 1.57 (1.14;2.16); red: RRR = 1.42 (1.00;2.02)) and intestinal tumors (white: RRR = 1.69 (1.10;2.59); red: RRR = 1.61 (1.02;2.53)) than those with a preference for rare/medium doneness. Stewing and griddling/barbequing red and white meat, and oven baking white meat, seemed to be the cooking methods with the greatest effect over gastric adenocarcinoma. The reported associations remained similar after considering Helicobacter pylori seropositivity. Conclusions: Reducing red and processed meat intake could decrease gastric adenocarcinoma risk, especially for intestinal and non-cardia tumors. Meat cooking practices could modify the risk of some gastric cancer subtypesThis study was supported by Carlos III Institute of Health, co-funded by FEDER funds—a way to build Europe (PI08/1770, PI09/00773, PS09/01286, PI09/1903, PI09/1662, and PI09/2078, PI11/01403), the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (IJCI-2014-20900), by Fundación Marqués de Valdecilla (grant API 10/09), by Junta de Castilla y León (LE22A10-2), by Acción Transversal del Cancer, approved by the Spanish Ministry Council on October 11, 2007, by the CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), by the Catalan Government DURSI (grants 2014SGR647 and 2014SGR756), by the Consejería de Salud of the Junta de Andalucía (grant 2009-S0143), by the Conselleria de Sanitat of the Generalitat Valenciana (grant AP061/10), by the University of Oviedo, IUOPA and Fundación Caja de Asturias. ISGlobal acknowledges support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through the “Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa 2019–2023” Program (CEX2018-000806-S), and support from the Generalitat de Catalunya through the CERCA Program. Elena Boldo was supported by a grant from the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Bolsa de Ampliación de Estudios. Acción Estratégica en Salud del Plan Nacional I+D+i 2008–2011). None of the funders played any role in conducting the research or writing the paper. M. Obón-Santacana received a post-doctoral fellowship from the Spanish Association Against Cancer Scientific Foundation (AECC; POSTD037OBÓN). Biological samples were stored in the biobanks supported by Instituto de Salud Carlos III- FEDER: Parc de Salut MAR Biobank (MARBiobanc) (RD09/0076/00036), “Biobanco La Fe” (RD 09 0076/00021) and FISABIO Biobank (RD09 0076/00058). Also, in the Public Health Laboratory of Gipuzkoa, the Basque Biobank, the ICOBIOBANC (sponsored by the Catalan Institute of Oncology), the IUOPA Biobank of the University of Oviedo and the ISCIII Bioban

Educación sanitaria para pacientes pediátricos en el debut de Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1

[EN]La Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1 es la endocrinopatía de tipo metabólico más frecuente en la infancia y uno de los pilares básicos de su tratamiento es la educación diabetológica. Por ello, en el presente trabajo, he decidido realizar un protocolo de educación sanitaria, para que Enfermería lo imparta a los niños recién diagnosticados de esta enfermedad. Para elaborar dicho programa, he estudiado y analizado diferentes fuentes bibliográficas, además de protocolos existentes en distintos centros sanitarios españoles, destacando algunos como: los hospitales universitarios de Salamanca y de Elche, la Clínica Privada Endocrinología i Nurtrició de Barcelona; y el Plan de Diabetes que elaboró la Comunidad Valenciana para los años 2006-2010. Tras el análisis llevado a cabo de toda la bibliografía consultada, he creado un programa de educación sanitaria que incluye aquellos aspectos que he considerado más relevantes para conseguir un adecuado manejo de esta enfermedad desde el momento del debut. Con la elaboración de este trabajo, he llegado a la conclusión de que la educación sanitaria en los pacientes diabéticos es imprescindible, ya que aporta una serie de conocimientos que van a ayudar al fomento del autocuidado del paciente, así como a reducir el grado de ansiedad presente en el momento del diagnóstico. Los programas de educación diabetológica, además, ayudan a prevenir las posibles complicaciones potenciales que pueden surgir en relación a esta enfermedad de carácter crónico, consiguiendo un correcto control glucémico y metabólico. Esto tiene especial importancia en los pacientes pediátricos, debido a que, al debutar a temprana edad, aumenta el riesgo de aparición de estas consecuencias

The impact of Internet on the artist reputation

[EN] This work analyzes the relationship between the digital information provided by the search engine Google on the Internet and the volume of sales or revenues in the art market in order to quantify the variable artist's reputation. In particular, the usefulness of digital media information is analyzed to interpret past sales in the art market or, conversely, to estimate future sales in the short term. Finally, we study the ability of digital information to explain the volume of activity (number of lots sold) or what is the same the degree of liquidity of the secondary market of artworks.Castelló Fos, D.; De La Poza, E.; Guadalajara, N. (2016). The impact of Internet on the artist reputation. En CARMA 2016: 1st International Conference on Advanced Research Methods in Analytics. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 92-99. https://doi.org/10.4995/CARMA2016.2016.3643OCS929

Improving educational and labor outcomes through child labor regulation

We explore the effects of a child labor regulation that changed the statutory minimum working age in Spain in 1980. In particular, the reform raised the minimum working age from 14 to 16, while the age for compulsory education remained at 14 until 1990. To study the effects of this change on the incentives to work or study, we consider the different alternatives available at age 14 to individuals born at various times of the year before and after the reform. Before the reform, individuals born at the beginning of the year were legally able to work before finishing compulsory education. We show that individuals born at the beginning of the year were more likely to complete both compulsory and post-compulsory education if they turned 14 after the reform. The increase in educational attainment translates into better labor market outcomes in adulthood only partially. Depending on the level of socioeconomic development of the region, we provide evidence of differential impacts of the reform on men and women and offer plausible explanations for these differences. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper that, apart from increases in educational attainment, also finds relevant effects on long-term labor market outcomes from child labor regulations that forbid teenager work. We show that this type of regulation can be a generator of economic development and point to the conditions required for this to be the case

Understanding contribution of microstructure to fracture behaviour of sintered steels

Proceedings of: Euro PM2014 Congress & Exhibition, Salzburg, Austria, 21-24 September 2014.This paper was the winner of the EPMA PM Structural Parts Keynote Award made at Euro PM 2014Microstructural features of sintered steels, which comprise both phases and porosity, strongly condition the mechanical behaviour of the material under service conditions. Many research activities have dealt with this relationship since better understanding of the microstructure&-property correlation is the key of improvement of current powder metallurgy (PM) steels. Up to now, fractographic investigation after testing has been successfully applied for this purpose and, more recently, the in situ analysis of crack evolution through the microstructure as well as some advanced computer assisted tools. However, there is still a lack of information about local mechanical behaviour and strain distributions at the microscale in relation to the local microstructure of these steels, i.e. which phases in heterogeneous PM microstructures contribute to localisation of plastic deformation or which phases can impede crack propagation during loading. In the present work, these questions are addressed through the combination of three techniques: (i) in situ tensile testing (performed in the SEM) to monitor crack initiation and propagation; (ii) digital image correlation technique to trace the progress of local strain distributions during loading; (iii) fractographic examination of the loaded samples. Three PM steels, all obtained from commercially available powders but presenting different microstructures, are examined: a ferritic-pearlitic Fe-C steel, a bainitic prealloyed Fe-Mo-C steel and a diffusion alloyed Fe-Ni-Cu-Mo-C steel, with more heterogeneous microstructure (ferrite, pearlite, upper and lower bainite, martensite and Ni rich austenite).The authors wish to thank to Höganäs AB for providing all the raw materials to develop this work.Publicad

Development and Characterization of Polyester and Acrylate-Based Composites with Hydroxyapatite and Halloysite Nanotubes for Medical Applications

[EN] We aimed to study the distribution of hydroxyapatite (HA) and halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) as fillers and their influence on the hydrophobic character of conventional polymers used in the biomedical field. The hydrophobic polyester poly (¿-caprolactone) (PCL) was blended with its more hydrophilic counterpart poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and the hydrophilic acrylate poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) was analogously compared to poly (ethyl methacrylate) (PEMA) and its copolymer. The addition of HA and HNTs clearly improve surface wettability in neat samples (PCL and PHEMA), but not that of the corresponding binary blends. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy mapping analyses show a homogenous distribution of HA with appropriate Ca/P ratios between 1.3 and 2, even on samples that were incubated for seven days in simulated body fluid, with the exception of PHEMA, which is excessively hydrophilic to promote the deposition of salts on its surface. HNTs promote large aggregates on more hydrophilic polymers. The degradation process of the biodegradable polyester PCL blended with PLA, and the addition of HA and HNTs, provide hydrophilic units and decrease the overall crystallinity of PCL. Consequently, after 12 weeks of incubation in phosphate buffered saline the mass loss increases up to 48% and mechanical properties decrease above 60% compared with the PCL/PLA blend.Dominguez-Candela thanks the Universitat Politècnica de València for the financial support through an FPI-UPV grant (PAID-01-19)Torres, E.; Domínguez-Candela, I.; Castelló-Palacios, S.; Vallés Lluch, A.; Fombuena, V. (2020). Development and Characterization of Polyester and Acrylate-Based Composites with Hydroxyapatite and Halloysite Nanotubes for Medical Applications. Polymers. 12(8):1-13. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12081703S113128Noyama, Y., Miura, T., Ishimoto, T., Itaya, T., Niinomi, M., & Nakano, T. (2012). 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N., Karmegam, V., Biewer, M. C., & Stefan, M. C. (2016). Recent advances in aliphatic polyesters for drug delivery applications. WIREs Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology, 9(4). doi:10.1002/wnan.1446Venkatesan, J., & Kim, S.-K. (2014). Nano-Hydroxyapatite Composite Biomaterials for Bone Tissue Engineering—A Review. Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology, 10(10), 3124-3140. doi:10.1166/jbn.2014.1893Chen, G.-Q., & Wu, Q. (2005). The application of polyhydroxyalkanoates as tissue engineering materials. Biomaterials, 26(33), 6565-6578. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.04.036Rezwan, K., Chen, Q. Z., Blaker, J. J., & Boccaccini, A. R. (2006). Biodegradable and bioactive porous polymer/inorganic composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Biomaterials, 27(18), 3413-3431. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2006.01.039Lowry, K. J., Hamson, K. R., Bear, L., Peng, Y. B., Calaluce, R., Evans, M. L., … Allen, W. C. (1997). Polycaprolactone/glass bioabsorbable implant in a rabbit humerus fracture model. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, 36(4), 536-541. doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4636(19970915)36:43.0.co;2-8Corden, T. J., Jones, I. A., Rudd, C. D., Christian, P., Downes, S., & McDougall, K. E. (2000). Physical and biocompatibility properties of poly-ε-caprolactone produced using in situ polymerisation: a novel manufacturing technique for long-fibre composite materials. Biomaterials, 21(7), 713-724. doi:10.1016/s0142-9612(99)00236-7Onal, L., Cozien-Cazuc, S., Jones, I. A., & Rudd, C. D. (2007). Water absorption properties of phosphate glass fiber-reinforced poly-ε-caprolactone composites for craniofacial bone repair. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 107(6), 3750-3755. doi:10.1002/app.27518Ahmed, I., Parsons, A. J., Palmer, G., Knowles, J. C., Walker, G. S., & Rudd, C. D. (2008). Weight loss, ion release and initial mechanical properties of a binary calcium phosphate glass fibre/PCL composite. Acta Biomaterialia, 4(5), 1307-1314. doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2008.03.018Gough, J. 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Preparation and Characterization of 3D Composite Scaffolds Based on Rapid-Prototyped PCL/β-TCP Struts and Electrospun PCL Coated with Collagen and HA for Bone Regeneration. Chemistry of Materials, 24(5), 903-913. doi:10.1021/cm201119qSalerno, A., Zeppetelli, S., Di Maio, E., Iannace, S., & Netti, P. A. (2011). Design of Bimodal PCL and PCL-HA Nanocomposite Scaffolds by Two Step Depressurization During Solid-state Supercritical CO2 Foaming. Macromolecular Rapid Communications, 32(15), 1150-1156. doi:10.1002/marc.201100119Jackson, I. T., & Yavuzer, R. (2000). Hydroxyapatite cement: an alternative for craniofacial skeletal contour refinements. British Journal of Plastic Surgery, 53(1), 24-29. doi:10.1054/bjps.1999.3236Miller, L., Guerra, A. B., Bidros, R. S., Trahan, C., Baratta, R., & Metzinger, S. E. (2005). A Comparison of Resistance to Fracture Among Four Commercially Available Forms of Hydroxyapatite Cement. 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Experimental testing of variable speed heat pump control strategies for enhancing energy flexibility in buildings

Thermal mass of buildings and domestic hot water tanks represent interesting sources ofthermal energy storage readily available in the existing building stock. To exploit them to their full potential,advanced control strategies and a coupling to the power grid with heat pump systems represent the mostpromising combination. In this paper, model predictive control (MPC) strategies are developed and tested ina semi-virtual environment laboratory setup: a real heat pump is operated from within a controlled climatechamber and coupled with loads of a virtual building, i.e., a detailed dynamic building simulation tool.Different MPC strategies are tested in this laboratory setup, with the goals to minimize either the deliveredthermal energy to the building, the operational costs of the heat pump, or the CO2emissions related to theheat pump use. The results highlight the ability of the MPC controller to perform load-shifting by chargingthe thermal energy storages at favorable times, and the satisfactory performance of the control strategies isanalyzed in terms of different indicators, such as costs, comfort, carbon footprint, and energy flexibility. Thepractical challenges encountered during the implementation with a real heat pump are also discussed andprovide additional valuable insightsPeer ReviewedPostprint (published version

New Opportunities for Low Alloy Steels-Master Alloys for Liquid Phase Sintering

This article belongs to the Section Powder MetallurgyThe Master-alloy (MA) alloy route to promote a liquid phase during sintering has great potential to reduce costs in low alloyed sintered steels, meanwhile enabling the introduction of innovative alloy systems with Cr, Mn and Si. However, in order to successfully modify the performance of steels, multi requirements must be met, including, for example, solubility with the base material, compatibility with the usual sintering atmospheres, homogeneous distribution of the powdered master alloy in the material and the control of secondary porosity. Efforts have been made to properly design the composition of MA, to identify the reducing agents and to understand how they affect the wetting and liquid spreading all over the sintered part. This work reviews these key aspects for the efficient development of steels and explores the possibility to achieve a composition that can act as liquid former or as sinter braze adapting its use to the component requirement