1,443 research outputs found
CP, T and CPT violation in future long baseline experiments
I give a short overview about the possibilities and problems related to the
measurement of CP violation in long baseline experiments. Special attention is
paid to the issue of degeneracies and a method for their resolution is
quantitatively discussed. The CP violation reach for different experiments is
compared in dependence of and \dm{21}. Furthermore a
short comment about the possible effects of matter induced T violation is made.
Finally the limits on CPT violation obtainable at a neutrino factory are shown.Comment: Talk presented at NUFACT02, London, 1-6 July, 2002. 3 pages, 2
figure
The functionalization of carbon nanotubes using a batch oscillatory flow reactor
This paper describes an efficient method for the functionalizing of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) using oscillatory flow mixing (OFM). A 3. l batch oscillatory flow reactor (OFR) was designed and constructed for pilot scale functionalization of MWCNT in order to potentially improve their compatibility within a thermoplastic polyphenylene sulphide (PPS) matrix. The OFM batch reactor consisted of a jacketed cylindrical vessel with a vertical axial oscillator that contained a series of baffled mixing plates. MWCNTs dispersed in dimethylformamide (DMF) were introduced into the reactor and a two stage reaction for functionalizing MWCNTs with PPS compatible groups was carried out under oscillation of baffles at elevated temperatures. Fluid mixing observations in the reactor showed that MWCNTs formed a uniform dispersion of aggregated flocs before and during the functionalization reaction. On completion of the reaction and cessation of the oscillation, the aggregated flocs of MWCNT rapidly sedimented at the bottom of the reactor; hence could be collected as a concentrated mass thereby facilitating the separation of functionalized MWCNTs from the solvent. The functionalized MWCNTs were dried and then characterized by transmission electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy as well as thermal gravimetric analysis in order to investigate the extent of MWCNT functionalization. The characterization results confirmed the effective and relatively uniform functionalization of the MWCNTs despite formation of aggregates, indicating that OFM provides a viable approach for functionalizing MWCNTs
Algebraic structure of stochastic expansions and efficient simulation
We investigate the algebraic structure underlying the stochastic Taylor
solution expansion for stochastic differential systems.Our motivation is to
construct efficient integrators. These are approximations that generate strong
numerical integration schemes that are more accurate than the corresponding
stochastic Taylor approximation, independent of the governing vector fields and
to all orders. The sinhlog integrator introduced by Malham & Wiese (2009) is
one example. Herein we: show that the natural context to study stochastic
integrators and their properties is the convolution shuffle algebra of
endomorphisms; establish a new whole class of efficient integrators; and then
prove that, within this class, the sinhlog integrator generates the optimal
efficient stochastic integrator at all orders.Comment: 19 page
Untangling CP Violation and the Mass Hierarchy in Long Baseline Experiments
In the overlap region, for the normal and inverted hierarchies, of the
neutrino-antineutrino bi-probability space for appearance,
we derive a simple identity between the solutions in the (, ) plane for the different hierarchies. The
parameter sets the scale of the
appearance probabilities at the atmospheric eV whereas controls the amount of CP
violation in the lepton sector. The identity between the solutions is that the
difference in the values of for the two hierarchies equals twice
the value of divided by the {\it critical} value
of . We apply this identity to the two proposed
long baseline experiments, T2K and NOA, and we show how it can be used to
provide a simple understanding of when and why fake solutions are excluded when
two or more experiments are combined. The identity demonstrates the true
complimentarity of T2K and NOA.Comment: 15 pages, Latex, 4 postscript figures. Submitted to New Journal of
Physics, ``Focus on Neutrino Physics'' issu
Programmable high voltage power supply with regulation confined to the high voltage section
A high voltage power supply in a dc-dc converter configuration includes a pre-regulator which filters and regulates the dc input and drives an oscillator which applies, in turn, a low voltage ac signal to the low side of a step-up high voltage transformer. The high voltage side of the transformer drives a voltage multiplier which provides a stepped up dc voltage to an output filter. The output voltage is sensed by a feedback network which then controls a regulator. Both the input and output of the regulator are on the high voltage side, avoiding isolation problems. The regulator furnishes a portion of the drive to the voltage multiplier, avoiding having a regulator in series with the load with its attendant, relatively high power losses. This power supply is highly regulated, has low power consumption, a low parts count and may be manufactured at low cost. The power supply has a programmability feature that allows for the selection of a large range of output voltages
Neutrino Factories and the "Magic" Baseline
We show that for a neutrino factory baseline of a
``clean'' measurement of becomes possible, which is
almost unaffected by parameter degeneracies. We call this baseline "magic"
baseline, because its length only depends on the matter density profile. For a
complete analysis, we demonstrate that the combination of the magic baseline
with a baseline of 3000 km is the ideal solution to perform equally well for
the , sign of , and CP violation
sensitivities. Especially, this combination can very successfully resolve
parameter degeneracies even below .Comment: Minor changes, final version to appear in PRD, 4 pages, 3 figures,
RevTe
Neutrino oscillation physics with a higher -beam
The precision measurement and discovery potential of a neutrino factory based
on a storage ring of boosted radioactive ions (-beam) is re-examined. In
contrast with past designs, which assume ion factors of and
baselines of L=130 km, we emphasize the advantages of boosting the ions to
higher and increasing the baseline proportionally. In particular, we
consider a medium- scenario (, L=730 km) and a
high- scenario (, L = 3000 km).The increase in
statistics, which grow linearly with the average beam energy, the ability to
exploit the energy dependence of the signal and the sizable matter effects at
this longer baseline all increase the discovery potential of such a machine
very significantly.Comment: An error corrected, conclusions unchanged. Revised version to appear
in Nuclear Physics
Optimal -beam at the CERN-SPS
A -beam with maximum (for \helio ions) or
(for \neon) could be achieved at the CERN-SPS. We study the sensitivity to
and of such a beam as function of , optimizing
with the baseline constrained to CERN-Frejus (130 km), and also with
simultaneous variation of the baseline. These results are compared to the {\it
standard} scenario previously considered, with lower , and also
with a higher option that requires a more powerful
accelerator. Although higher is better, loss of sensitivity to and is most pronounced for below 100.Comment: 22 page
Physics Potential of Very Intense Conventional Neutrino Beams
The physics potential of high intensity conventional beams is explored. We
consider a low energy super beam which could be produced by a proposed new
accelerator at CERN, the Super Proton Linac. Water Cherenkov and liquid oil
scintillator detectors are studied as possible candidates for a neutrino
oscillation experiment which could improve our current knowledge of the
atmospheric parameters and measure or severely constrain the parameter
connecting the atmospheric and solar realms. It is also shown that a very large
water detector could eventually observe leptonic CP violation. The reach of
such an experiment to the neutrino mixing parameters would lie in-between the
next generation of neutrino experiments (MINOS, OPERA, etc) and a future
neutrino factory.Comment: Talk given at the Venice Conference on Neutrino Telescopes, Venice,
March, 200
Tribological behavior of functionalized 1-2 layered graphene/uhmwpe composites
In this work we present the evaluation of pristine and functionalized graphene as
reinforcements for UHMWPE-based composites. These composites were
manufactured by physically blending graphene particles and medical grade
UHMWPE powder followed by a thermo-compression process. Mechanical behaviour
by means of uniaxial tension and biaxial load by small punch were carried out.
Friction coefficient and wear rate were measured. In some cases composites
enhanced stiffness and yield stress, although with loss of toughness. This
mechanical behaviour was recuperated after a thermal treatment. Small positive
changes were obtained with some graphene concentrations respect to the friction
coefficient. However, 20 % of reduction in wear rate was obtained when the
graphene was functionalized. In general these composites present a good trend to be
a potential alternative to the current highly crosslinked polyethylenes.We thank the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain by means of the projects
MAT2010-16175) and CONSOLIDER CSD2008-00023 (FUNCOAT) for financial
suppor
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