Ternary and quaternary oxides of Bi, Sr, and Cu

Before the discovery of superconductivity in an oxide of Bi, Sr, and Cu, the system Bi-Sr-Cu-O had not been studied, although several solid phases had been identified in the two-component regions of the ternary system Bi2O3-SrO-CuO. The oxides Sr2CuO3, SrCu2O2, SrCuO2, and Bi2CuO4 were then well known and characterized, and the phase diagram of the binary system Bi2O3 -SrO had been established in the temperature range 620 to 1000 C. Besides nine solutions of compositions Bi(2-2x) Sr(x) O(3-2x) and different symmetries, this diagram includes three definite compounds of stoichiometries Bi(2)SrO4, Bi2Sr2O5, and Bi2Sr3O6 (x = 0.50, 0.67 and 0.75 respectively), only the second of which with known unit-cell of orthorhombic symmetry, dimensions (A) a = 14.293(2), b = 7.651(2), c = 6.172(1), and z = 4. The first superconducting oxide in the system Bi-Sr-Cu-O was initially formulated as Bi2Sr2Cu2O(7+x), with an orthorhombic unit-cell of parameters (A) a = 5.32, b = 26.6, c = 48.8. In a preliminary study the same oxide was formulated with half the copper content, Bi(2)Sr(2)CuO(6+x), and indexed its reflections assuming an orthorhombic unit-cell of dimensions (A) a = 5.390(2), b = 26.973(8), c = 24.69(4). Subsequent studies by diffraction techniques have confirmed the composition 2:2:1. A new family of oxygen-deficient perovskites, was characterized, after identifying by x ray diffraction the phases present in the products of thermal treatments of about 150 mixtures of analytical grade Bi2O3, Sr(OH)2-8H2O and CuO at different molar ratios. X ray diffraction data are presented for some other oxides of Bi and Sr, as well as for various quaternary oxides, among them an oxide of Bi, Sr, and Cu

Hacia una diversidad patrimonial europea: geositios en la costa gallega (NW España)

The pervasive lack of awareness in today’s society regarding geological processes and their effects on the landscape is of such magnitude that their relationship to biodiversity and their value as part of the natural heritage is almost completely ignored. In this situation are the Quaternary deposits located on the Galician coast (NW Spain). The lack of awareness of these deposits, or the mere fact that they have either been omitted, or included as other coastal formations in the POL (The Planning Programme for Coastal areas of Galicia), makes their recognition and promotion unfeasible. Taking into account the scientific works and considering the current administrative context, the aim of this study is to demonstrate the importance and scientific and educational interest of the Quaternary sedimentary deposits as palaeoenvironmental records in the hope that this will be recognised as a Geosites by administration, in order to promote their geoconservation as a meaningful and diverse Geological Heritage in European Coastal context.La falta generalizada de conciencia en la sociedad actual en relación con los procesos geológicos y sus efectos sobre el paisaje es de tal magnitud que su relación con la biodiversidad y su valor como parte del Patrimonio Natural casi está completamente ignorado. En esta situación se encuentran los Depósitos Cuaternarios situados en la Costa de Galicia (NW de España). Su falta de conocimiento, o el mero hecho de que, se han omitido o incluido como otras formaciones costeras en la POL (Plan de Ordenación del Litoral de Galicia) hace que su reconocimiento y su difusión sea inviable. Teniendo en cuenta los trabajos científicos y el contexto administrativo actual, el objetivo de este estudio es mostrar su importancia e interés científico y educativo como registros paleoambientales con la esperanza de que alcancen su reconocimiento por parte de la administración como Geositios, con el fin de promover su geoconservación como un Patrimonio Geológico significativo y diverso en el contexto Costero Europeo.This research was partially funded by Project 09SEC015606PR (Xunta de Galicia) and by COMDEMO Project (Plan Nacional de I+D+i: EDU2015-65621-C3-1-R) co-financed with EU ERDF funds.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Another view of geological heritage: the assessment of the quaternary deposits of the galician coast (NW Spain)

En la última década se ha desarrollado una base de conocimiento sólido relacionado con la geodiversidad, caracterización, conservación y gestión del patrimonio geológico, que lleva implícito una legislación al respecto. Sin embargo, el escaso conocimiento a nivel científico por parte de la Administración sobre “lugares de interés geológico” hace complicado conseguir una normativa adecuada, a fin de proteger algo que no está contemplado. A esto se suma, un desconocimiento parcial de la sociedad sobre procesos geológicos, su relación con la biodiversidad y su valor como patrimonio natural. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo mostrar el valor de los depósitos sedimentarios antiguos localizados en la costa de Galicia como archivos paleoambientales y geoformas con entidad propia. Estos valores son ejemplificados con depósitos localizados en la “Costa Sur”, así definida en el Plan de Ordenación Litoral (POL) de Galicia.Over the last decade, a solid knowledge base has been built up globally in relation to geodiversity, geoheritage identification, conservation and management, which implies legislation on the subject. However, the partial absence of knowledge and information on a scientific level on the part of the Administration regarding national, regional or local “points of geological interest” makes it complex to create appropriate legislation, since something which is not even considered cannot be protected. There is also public ignorance about geological processes and their relationship with biodiversity, as well as their value as natural heritage. This study aims to show the value of ancient sedimentary deposits located on the coast of Galicia as palaeoenvironmental records and landforms. These values are exemplified with deposits of the “Southern Coast”, established in the Coastline Management Plan (POL)

Geological heritage at risk in NW Spain. Quaternary deposits and landforms of “Southern Coast” (Baiona-A Garda)

Over the last decade, a knowledge base has been built up worldwide in relation to geological heritage and geodiversity, and respective working methodologies. However, the absence of knowledge and technical information by the local, regional and national authorities about geosites makes it difficult to create appropriate legislation and to assure a good management. There is also a public ignorance about geological processes and their relationship to biodiversity, as well as their value as natural heritage. This study focuses on the Autonomous Community of Galicia (NW Spain), specifically the “Southern Coast” area established in the Planning Programme for the Coast (POL) and brings to light the importance of the Quaternary deposits and associated landforms. The study concludes that the Southern Coast should be recognized as an area-type geosite. Taking into account the evaluation of their scientific value, the landforms of Oia and San Xián are proposed as geosites. Legal mechanisms of protection need to be reinforced and new, more specific ones, developed in tandem that make reference to the fact that these landforms exemplify environmental records of the past. This area is unique on a national level due to the scientific and educational value of the deposits. Therefore, they should be proposed to the Spanish Geological Survey (IGME) for inclusion in the general list of geosites of the Spanish State.Manuela Costa-Casais is supported by the Research Programme "Isidro Parga Pondal 2007"-Xunta Galicia. This research was partially funded by Project 09SEC015606PR (2009-2012) "Xeoarqueolox a e reconstrucion paleoambiental. Metodolox a aplicada a contextos arqueoloxico-culturais"-"Geoarchaeology and palaeoenvironmental reconstruction. Methodology applied to cultural and archaeological contexts"-(Conseller a de Econom a e IndustriaXunta de Galicia) and by Portuguese National Funds through the FCT (Fundacao para a Cincia e a Tecnologia) under the project PEst-OE/CTE/UI0039/2011". This paper has been prepared in collaboration with Professor M. Isabel Caetano Alves, during post-doctoral research as "Parga Pondal" carried out by Manuela Costa-Casais at the Centre for Earth Sciences, University of Minho-Centre of Geology, University of Oporto. The authors are deeply grateful to Antonio Martnez Cortizas, the reviewers and the editor for their helpful comments and contributions to the manuscript

Fijación de la no-unión del proceso ancóneo mediante tornillo. Estudio retrospectivo en 13 casos clínicos

En este estudio se hace una evaluación retrospectiva de la técnica de fijación con tornillo del proceso ancóneo no unificado en una serie de 13 casos. Los resultados de la cirugía (con un seguimiento de 2 años de media) fueron considerados "excelentes" o "buenos" en 12 o 13 casos, y todos los animales mejoraron el grado de cojera. En el 92% de los codos se consiguió una unión ósea completa del proceso ancóneo, y en el 70%, un estancamiento de la artrosis. La tasa de complicaciones fue del 15%, todas ellas de carácter muy leve.

Facilitating complex knowledge in design education through design tools

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Cruzando disciplinas: Elementos pedagógicos de design aplicados no ensino da psicologia positiva

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Assessment and management of the geomorphological heritage of Monte Pindo (NW Spain): a landscape as a symbol of identity

This study focuses on the granite mountain known as Monte Pindo (627 m above sea level) in the Autonomous Community of Galicia (NW Spain). This territory is included in the area classified as “Costa da Morte” in the “Politica de Ordenación Litoral” (POL) (Coastal Planning Policy) for the region of Galicia. This coastal unit, located between “Rías Baixas” and “Cape Fisterra” has great potential for demonstrating geological processes and its geomorphological heritage is characterized by a high degree of geodiversity of granite landforms. The main objective of our work is to assess the geomorphological heritage of the site, thus revealing its wide geodiversity. We shall analyze and highlight: its scientific value, developing an inventory of granite landforms; its educational valuel and its geotouristic potential. It must be ensured that the Administration understands that natural diversity is composed of both geodiversity and biodiversity. Only then will the sustainable management of Monte Pindo become possible by integrating natural and cultural heritage values. The goal is to ensure that Monte Pindo and its immediate surroundings become a geopark with the aim of promoting local development projects based on the conservation and valorization of its geological heritage.This research was conducted under the research projects CPC2014/009 and R2014/001 funded by the Xunta de Galicia

Nonparametric estimation for a functional-circular regression model

Financiado para publicación en acceso aberto: CRUE-CSIC[Abstract]: Changes on temperature patterns, on a local scale, are perceived by individuals as the most direct indicators of global warming and climate change. As a specific example, for an Atlantic climate location, spring and fall seasons should present a mild transition between winter and summer, and summer and winter, respectively. By observing daily temperature curves along time, being each curve attached to a certain calendar day, a regression model for these variables (temperature curve as covariate and calendar day as response) would be useful for modeling their relation for a certain period. In addition, temperature changes could be assessed by prediction and observation comparisons in the long run. Such a model is presented and studied in this work, considering a nonparametric Nadaraya–Watson-type estimator for functional covariate and circular response. The asymptotic bias and variance of this estimator, as well as its asymptotic distribution are derived. Its finite sample performance is evaluated in a simulation study and the proposal is applied to investigate a real-data set concerning temperature curves.Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. Research of A. Meilán-Vila and M. Francisco-Fernández has been supported by MINECO (Grant MTM2017-82724-R), MICINN (Grant PID2020-113578RB-I00), and by Xunta de Galicia (Grupos de Referencia Competitiva ED431C-2020-14 and Centro de Investigación del Sistema Universitario de Galicia ED431G 2019/01), all of them through the ERDF. Research of R. M. Crujeiras has been supported by MICINN (Grant PID2020-116587GB-I00), and by Xunta de Galicia (Grupos de Referencia Competitiva ED431C-2021-24), all of them through the ERDF.Xunta de Galicia; ED431C-2020-14Xunta de Galicia; ED431G 2019/01Xunta de Galicia; ED431C-2021-2

Mange in farmed rabbits

[EN] In this study we determined occurrence of mange in breeding rabbits on 1368 commercial farms in Portugal and Spain during 1996-2022. We obtained our information by carrying out 11 737 visits to 1334 doe farms, 11 farms only with growers, and 23 artificial insemination (AI) centres. The median size of the visited doe farms was 450 does (minimum to maximum: 100 2500 does) and 1175 does (ranging from100 to 6000 does) in 1996 and 2022, respectively. AI was used on 9% of the farms visited in 1996 and 95% in 2022. For our diagnoses we used (1) clinical observations on all visited farms to detect sarcoptic mange; (2) examination of the outer ear of breeding rabbits on a subset of farms to assess the prevalence of otodectic clinical mange (OCM); and (3) the examination of breeding rabbits and youngstock does (2.5 to 5.5 mo old) on a subset of 72 farms during 2018 to estimate prevalence of body mange compatible with cheyletiellosis. They were mainly clinical diagnoses, supported sometimes by a laboratorial confirmation. Over the course of the 27-yr clinical study, the cumulative incidence of sarcoptic mange was low; we recorded a total of 13 affected doe farms. The percentage of farms affected by OCM dropped from 55% in 1996 to 28% in 2022. OCM mean prevalence for the period 1996-2022 and 95% binomial confidence interval (CI) were 3.2% (95% CI [3.1-3.3%]), and 3.9% (95% CI [3.7-4.1%]) in does and bucks, respectively. We observed an improvement over time; the OCM yearly mean prevalence decreased from 7% in 1996 to 2.3% in 2022 in females and from 7.2% to 2.2% in males, respectively. This progress was compatible with the use of semen coming from AI centres; biosecurity measures and medical management also contributed. Genetic type was predisposing risk factor for OCM. Enabling risk factors were year and season (more affected in summer). Hair and skin disorders along the back, compatible with cheyletiellosis, were also assessed during 2018; we detected 50% of positive farms with various prevalence results in females, males or young does. In this study, we describe protocols observed in the control of benign and severe cases of mange in rabbitries, which included the use of ivermectin and synthetic acaricides. Ivermectin was used on 36% of doe farms visited during 2018-2022; we suggest that it should be used less often to lower its negative impact on the environment.Rosell, JM.; De La Fuente, LF.; Casais, R. (2024). Mange in farmed rabbits. World Rabbit Science. 32(1):57-71. https://doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2024.20624577132