Physicochemical and sensory characteristics of pan bread samples available in the brazilian market

Pan bread samples available in the Brazilian market were evaluated for their physicochemical and sensory characteristics. Twelve pan breads, seven white and five whole grain breads, were evaluated. Moisture, water activity (Aw), firmness, and color (L*, a*, b*) of the crumb were evaluated on the first, fourth, seventh, and tenth days after purchasing the breads. Specific volume was evaluated on the first day of analysis with averages of 4.72 and 4.70 mL/g for the white and whole grain breads, respectively. The average results on the first day of analysis were: 37.03% and 41.23% moisture, 0.954 and 0.966 Aw, 276.27 and 267.83 gf firmness, 74.73 and 64.45 L* values, 0.37 and 3.85 a* values, and 15.51 and 18.98 b* values for the white and whole grain breads, respectively. The samples showed an increase in firmness, reduction in moisture and Aw, and no color changes over time. A survey conducted prior to the acceptance test showed that the three most important factors influencing purchase were taste (19.6%), tenderness (16.8%), and expiration date of the product (14.3%). The results showed that 37.2% of the panelists preferred white bread, 62.8% preferred bread with fibers, and 82.6% would probably or definitely buy white bread with fibers344746754CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQSem informaçã

Entre amar e sofrer: dos afetos nos discursos em circulação nas falas de mulheres em situação de denúncia de violência

The present research seeks to map, employing the discipline of Discourse Analysis Discourse Analysis (within the Pêcheux-Orlandi framework), in conjunction with Psychoanalysis, media theories, and theories of power, the potential significations of domestic violence in circulation, as well as the emotions at stake in the narratives of women who have experienced it within their relationships. The analysis is rooted in the examination of transcripts from 25 out of 100 discursive interviews conducted between 2017 and 2018 at the Juiz de Fora City Forum. We commence with the hypothesis that the meaning attributed by women is rich in nuances and opacity, pointing toward heterogeneity, while those found within the legal, political, and media spheres (considering campaigns, music they hear, soap operas, and news they encounter) tend toward uniformity and sense stabilization. Between 'I still like' and 'I no longer want,' resides a woman-subject of discourse grappling with the most heterogeneous and the strangest within and about herself.A presente pesquisa busca cartografar, utilizando-se da disciplina da Análise de Discurso (percurso Pêcheux-Orlandi), em diálogo com a Psicanálise, teorias da mídia e teorias do poder, de possíveis significações da violência doméstica postos em circulação e dos afetos em questão em falas de mulheres que a experienciaram em suas relações. Partimos das análises das transcrições de 25 das 100 entrevistas discursivas realizadas entre os anos de 2017 e 2018 no Fórum da Cidade de Juiz de Fora. Partimos da hipótese de que a significação dada pelas mulheres é plena de nuances e opacidade, apontando para a heterogeneidade enquanto àquelas encontradas no plano jurídico, político e midiático (considerando campanhas, músicas que ouvem, novelas e notícias que veem) tendem à univocidade e estabilização de sentidos. Entre o ‘eu ainda gosto’ e o ‘eu não quero mais’ habita uma mulher-sujeito de discurso que está às voltas com o mais heterogêneo e o mais estranho de si e em si.CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superio

CAGED WOMAN IN THE MILITAR TIME: WOMAN REPRESENTATION AS MARGINALIZED PERSON IN “O PARDAL É UM PÁSSARO AZUL”, BY HELONEIDA STUDART

O presente trabalho pretende problematizar a construção das personagens femininas na obra “O pardal é um pássaro azul”, de Heloneida Studart, escrito e publicado no período referente ao Regime Militar no Brasil, estabelecido em 1 de abril de 1964, cuja vigência se deu até o ano de 1985. Para tanto, dialoga-se com a teoria feminista, uma vez que juntamente ao protesto contra a ditadura, assume-se uma postura de contestação à situação de opressão feminina e à desigualdade de gênero, explicitada especialmente na construção das personagens e na manipulação do foco narrativo.This article intends to show the process of construction about the females characters in the novel “O pardal é um pássaro azul de Heloneida Studart”, wrote and published in the Militar time (1964 – 1985) in Brazil. For that, this work is based on the feminist theory, because the protest against the Dictatorship and the contestation against the female oppression are present at the same time in the novel, especially in the character characterization and in the narrative focus. &nbsp

Access to medicines in Brazil based on monetary and non-monetary acquisition data obtained from the 2008/2009 Household Budget Survey

Objective: to investigate the access to medicines by Brazilian families by monetary and non-monetary acquisition data. Methods: this is a cross-sectional study based on data obtained from the 2008/2009 Brazilian Household Budget Survey. The units of assessment were households that participated in the survey and the data on the acquisition of medicines over the 30 days prior to the interviews. The medicines were classified according to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification system. Results: acquisition of medicines was reported by 82.9% of Brazilian households, with 2.38 medicines/household, and 0.72 medicine/individual. In the South and Southeast regions, the average acquisition was slightly greater than the national average (2.53 and 2.49, respectively). In 22.3% of Brazilian households, it was reported that a medicine was not acquired due to lack of financial resources, mainly in the North and Northeastern regions, and in rural areas. Approximately 15.0% of medicines were obtained with no costs, 90.1% of them by the Brazilian Unified Health System. The medicines most acquired were those acting on the nervous system (28.8% of Brazilian households), on the cardiovascular system (15.7%), on the digestive tract and metabolism (14.3%), and on the respiratory system (12.1%). Overall, the quantity of medicines acquired was greater in higher socioeconomic classes of the population, with the exception of antiparasitic products, most likely because of the precarious sanitary conditions faced by less privileged social classes. Conclusions: the acquisition of medicines is a common practice in Brazil, being reported by over 80.0% of the Brazilian households in 2008/2009. Although the data obtained from the Brazilian Household Budget Survey have some limitations, the information obtained in this study can help health authorities to design national and regional policies to guarantee access to these products while promoting their rational use

Access to medicines in Brazil based on monetary and non-monetary acquisition data obtained from the 2008/2009 Household Budget Survey

OBJECTIVE To investigate the access to medicines by Brazilian families by monetary and non-monetary acquisition data. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study based on data obtained from the 2008/2009 Brazilian Household Budget Survey. The units of assessment were households that participated in the survey and the data on the acquisition of medicines over the 30 days prior to the interviews. The medicines were classified according to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification system. RESULTS Acquisition of medicines was reported by 82.9% of Brazilian households, with 2.38 medicines/household, and 0.72 medicine/individual. In the South and Southeast regions, the average acquisition was slightly greater than the national average (2.53 and 2.49, respectively). In 22.3% of Brazilian households, it was reported that a medicine was not acquired due to lack of financial resources, mainly in the North and Northeastern regions, and in rural areas. Approximately 15.0% of medicines were obtained with no costs, 90.1% of them by the Brazilian Unified Health System. The medicines most acquired were those acting on the nervous system (28.8% of Brazilian households), on the cardiovascular system (15.7%), on the digestive tract and metabolism (14.3%), and on the respiratory system (12.1%). Overall, the quantity of medicines acquired was greater in higher socioeconomic classes of the population, with the exception of antiparasitic products, most likely because of the precarious sanitary conditions faced by less privileged social classes. CONCLUSIONS The acquisition of medicines is a common practice in Brazil, being reported by over 80.0% of the Brazilian households in 2008/2009. Although the data obtained from the Brazilian Household Budget Survey have some limitations, the information obtained in this study can help health authorities to design national and regional policies to guarantee access to these products while promoting their rational use

Prognose do crescimento e da produção madeireira e avaliação econômica de Pinus taeda em monocultivo e em ILPF

Orientador: Prof. Dr. Edilson Batista de OliveiraMonografia (especialização) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Agrárias, Curso de Especialização em Gestão FlorestalInclui referênciasResumo: Este trabalho teve por objetivos estimar o crescimento e produção madeireira e avaliar a rentabilidade econômica de Pinus taeda em monocultivo e em sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta (ILPF). Foram simulados sete regimes de manejo por meio de softwares desenvolvidos pela Embrapa Florestas. Os regimes foram divididos em dois experimentos: o primeiro com quatro tratamentos (R1, R2, R3, R4) em ILPF delineados com espaçamento 3,0 m x 2,0 m e distância de 14 m entre os renques, diferenciando-se entre si pelo número de fileiras no renque (fileiras simples, dupla, tripla e quádrupla); e o segundo com três tratamentos (R5, R6, R7) em monocultivo com 1667 árvores por hectare. R1, R2, R3 e R4 tiveram corte final projetado para 20 anos, com desbaste seletivo de 50% da população aos 10 anos. R5 teve desbaste seletivo de 40% da população aos 10 e 15 anos, com corte final aos 20 anos. R6 teve desbaste seletivo de 50% da população aos 12 anos e corte final aos 20 anos. O tratamento R7 foi projetado sem desbastes e com corte final aos 16 anos. Em nossa simulação, as árvores propiciaram retorno econômico nos sete tratamentos avaliados, indicando que, além de diversificar a produção, a inserção da árvore na propriedade rural pode ser considerada uma atrativa fonte de renda. Com esses tratamentos, mostramos que os softwares para manejo e análise econômica de florestas podem auxiliar produtores na tomada de decisão para a implantação do componente florestal em suas propriedades

Effect of partial substitution of rice with sorghum and inclusion of hydrolyzable tannins on digestibility and postprandial glycemia in adult dogs

Sorghum is used as a substitute for rice in dog food, owing to its nutritional similarity and low cost. However, its use has been associated with negative effects, like a reduction in palatability, digestibility, and enzyme activity, which can decrease nutrient absorption. The presence of condensed tannins (CT) in sorghum may cause these effects. Another tannin group, the hydrolysable tannins (HT), is known for its antioxidant properties. Research has shown the nutritional effects of sorghum on dogs, but the effect of HT on dogs remains unknown. We evaluated the effects of substituting rice with sorghum containing CT and inclusion of commercial extract of HT on digestibility, fecal and urinary characteristics, and postprandial blood glucose levels in adult dogs. Eight adult Beagle were randomly subjected to 4 treatments: (R) 50% rice; (RS) 25% rice + 25% sorghum; (RHT) 50% rice + 0.10% HT; (RSHT) 25% rice + 25% sorghum + 0,10% HT. Tannins did not affect food intake. The digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein (CP), acid hydrolyzed fat, gross energy, and metabolizable energy (ME) decreased with sorghum inclusion (P 0.05). No alterations in urinary characteristics were observed. Sorghum and HT did not affect the postprandial blood glucose response measured by the area under the curve (P > 0.05). The substitution of rice by sorghum decreased CP digestibility and ME of the diets. Sorghum can be considered as a source of carbohydrates with lower digestibility of protein and energy than rice. HT may potentiate the effect of CT, but more research is needed to evaluate its potential use in dog nutrition

Raleio químico em pessegueiros 'BRS Kampai'

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of thinning with metamitron on the fruit yield and quality of 'BRS Kampai' peach (Prunus persica) trees. The experiment was carried out in the municipality of Eldorado do Sul, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in the 2016 and 2017 crop years. Treatments consisted of the application of 100, 200, 300, and 400 mg L-1 metamitron and of hand thinning 40 days after full bloom, besides control plants. Fruit abscission, effective fructification, number of fruits, and fruit yield per plant were evaluated. Regarding fruit quality, fresh fruit biomass, epidermis color, pulp firmness, soluble solids, total phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity were assessed; fruits were also classified into diameter classes. For fruit abscission, the effect of the application of 100 mg L-1 metamitron is similar to that of hand thinning. Fruit yield and mean mass in all treatments with metamitron are similar to those obtained by hand thinning. The application of metamitron does not affect the fruit quality of peach trees. Chemical thinning with metamitron may be an alternative to hand thinning in peach trees used for the production of fruits for fresh consumption.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do raleio com metamitron sobre a produção e a qualidade dos frutos de pessegueiros 'BRS Kampai' (Prunus persica). O experimento foi realizado no Município de Eldorado do Sul, no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, durante as safras de 2016 e 2017. Os tratamentos consistiram na aplicação de 100, 200, 300 e 400 mg L-1 de metamitron e no raleio manual aos 40 dias após a plena floração, além de plantas-testemunhas. Foram avaliados abscisão de frutos, frutificação efetiva, número de frutos e produção de frutos por planta. Em relação à qualidade dos frutos, avaliaram-se biomassa fresca, coloração da epiderme, firmeza de polpa, sólidos solúveis, compostos fenólicos totais e atividade antioxidante; os frutos também foram classificados em classes de calibre. Quanto à abscisão de frutos, o efeito da aplicação de 100 mg L-1 de metamitron é similar ao do raleio manual. A produção e a massa média dos frutos em todos os tratamentos com metamitron são similares às obtidas com o raleio manual. A aplicação de metamitron não influencia a qualidade dos frutos de pessegueiros. O raleio químico com metamitron pode ser uma alternativa ao raleio manual em pessegueiros usados para produção de frutos para consumo fresco

Chemical thinning of peach trees

Peach tree thinning is essential to harvest quality fruits and to keep balanced production for several years. Manual thinning of peach trees demands much work force and increases production costs. Chemical thinning may be an alternative solution, but efficiency depends on doses and species. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of metamitron – applied at different concentrations – on chemical thinning of peach trees in the south of Brazil. The experiment was carried out in a commercial peach tree orchard where ‘Sensação’ cultivars, in Morro Redondo, Rio Grande do Sul (RS) state, Brazil. The following metamitron concentrations were applied at concentrations of 100 mg L-1, 200 mg L-1, 300 mg L-1, 400 mg L-1, manual thinning was carried out 40 days after full bloom (DAFB) and to the treatment where the plants have no thinning. Fruit abscission, effective fructification, total number of plants per plant, production per plant, mean mass and fruit diameter were evaluated. Concentrations of 300 and 400 mg L-1 metamitron 40 DAFB provides promoted high fruit abscission, besides decreasing the number of fruits and production. Therefore, concentrations of 100 and 200 mg L-1 of metamitron 40 DAFB provides results in an efficient thinning practice similar to manual thinning for production, mass and fruit diameter