Narrativas de experiências de práticas de ensino em matemática na educação básica e superior, contadas por professoras

Neste artigo, compartilham-se histórias de experiências que constituíram as práticas de ensino em matemática na Educação Básica e Superior, vividas e contadas por quatro professoras, nas relações individuais e sociais estabelecidas com outros nos processos formativos. O objetivo deste texto é analisar essas experiências por elas narradas e vividas nos lugares de formação em que se direcionam introspectivamente, extrospectivamente, retrospectivamente e prospectivamente. O compartilhamento dessas vivências ocorreu por meio de uma entrevista narrativa realizada com a participação de quatro professoras nos encontros do Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Educação Matemática (GREPEM) da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora durante o segundo semestre de 2019. As análises dos dados possibilitaram ao grupo reviver, rememorar e partilhar experiências de suas práticas em aulas de matemática no estágio supervisionado no 1.° ano do Ensino Fundamental, no curso de formação em Pedagogia, no Pacto Nacional pela Alfabetização na Idade Certa (PNAIC), no projeto desenvolvido nos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental e em aulas de matemática. Viver, contar e sentir essas práticas nos encontros formativos com os pares, proporcionou o aprofundamento de conhecimentos teóricos e práticos da matemática para (re)pensar as experiências no contexto da sala de aula

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Genomic Surveillance of Yellow Fever Virus Epizootic in São Paulo, Brazil, 2016 – 2018

São Paulo, a densely inhabited state in southeast Brazil that contains the fourth most populated city in the world, recently experienced its largest yellow fever virus (YFV) outbreak in decades. YFV does not normally circulate extensively in São Paulo, so most people were unvaccinated when the outbreak began. Surveillance in non-human primates (NHPs) is important for determining the magnitude and geographic extent of an epizootic, thereby helping to evaluate the risk of YFV spillover to humans. Data from infected NHPs can give more accurate insights into YFV spread than when using data from human cases alone. To contextualise human cases, identify epizootic foci and uncover the rate and direction of YFV spread in São Paulo, we generated and analysed virus genomic data and epizootic case data from NHPs in São Paulo. We report the occurrence of three spatiotemporally distinct phases of the outbreak in São Paulo prior to February 2018. We generated 51 new virus genomes from YFV positive cases identified in 23 different municipalities in São Paulo, mostly sampled from NHPs between October 2016 and January 2018. Although we observe substantial heterogeneity in lineage dispersal velocities between phylogenetic branches, continuous phylogeographic analyses of generated YFV genomes suggest that YFV lineages spread in São Paulo at a mean rate of approximately 1km per day during all phases of the outbreak. Viral lineages from the first epizootic phase in northern São Paulo subsequently dispersed towards the south of the state to cause the second and third epizootic phases there. This alters our understanding of how YFV was introduced into the densely populated south of São Paulo state. Our results shed light on the sylvatic transmission of YFV in highly fragmented forested regions in São Paulo state and highlight the importance of continued surveillance of zoonotic pathogens in sentinel species

Educomunicação e suas áreas de intervenção: Novos paradigmas para o diálogo intercultural

oai:omp.abpeducom.org.br:publicationFormat/1O material aqui divulgado representa, em essência, a contribuição do VII Encontro Brasileiro de Educomunicação ao V Global MIL Week, da UNESCO, ocorrido na ECA/USP, entre 3 e 5 de novembro de 2016. Estamos diante de um conjunto de 104 papers executivos, com uma média de entre 7 e 10 páginas, cada um. Com este rico e abundante material, chegamos ao sétimo e-book publicado pela ABPEducom, em seus seis primeiros anos de existência. A especificidade desta obra é a de trazer as “Áreas de Intervenção” do campo da Educomunicação, colocando-as a serviço de uma meta essencial ao agir educomunicativo: o diálogo intercultural, trabalhado na linha do tema geral do evento internacional: Media and Information Literacy: New Paradigms for Intercultural Dialogue

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Transtorno do espectro autista e matemática: mediações para o ensino e aprendizagem nos anos iniciais durante a pandemia

When considering the suspension of face-to-face classes, due to the pandemic and the adoption of an emergency remote teaching model, the present study was carried out from the guiding question: What pedagogical mediations and strategies can contribute to the process of learning Mathematics of a student with ASD in the face of the pandemic context of Covid-19? Therefore, the objective was to investigate the mediations during the teaching and learning process of mathematical content to a student with ASD carried out during Emergency Remote Teaching in the context of the pandemic. The theoretical frameworks that supported this research were based on studies on mediated learning, according to the concepts of Vygotsky and Feuerstein, on inclusion, Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and on the teaching of Mathematics in a holistic and inclusive. The research was developed in a qualitative approach, from the perspective of investigating the practice itself. The instruments used for the production of data consisted of transcriptions and analysis of recordings of individual and remote meetings with a student in the early years of Elementary School, in field notes on the observations of these meetings and the activities carried out. The analyzed data constructed were separated into two categories: the mediations carried out using manipulative materials and the mediations carried out using technological resources. At the end of the study, it was possible to analyze that the mediations carried out with the student through the use of manipulative materials and technological resources during synchronous consultations resulted in important moments of involvement and learning, reinforcing the idea that every subject can learn, regardless of their conditions as they are exposed to stimuli, to appropriate learning tools that make sense, highlighting the importance of the teacher's view of the learning situations proposed in their plans. Under this bias, considering the specificities and potential of the student, in addition to a clinical diagnosis, were essential factors to trace the paths taken and the bridges built in this research work. Some extremely important issues were observed, such as the work developed based on the student's axes of interest, which could only be planned in partnership with the family. The research on the practice itself made it possible to re-signify the teaching action in order to bring the reflection that there are no insurmountable paths towards the construction of bridges to knowledge, even in adverse conditions, such as the pandemic, as long as it is possible to understand the existing paths, and that planning and choices are made to tread the paths taking into account their specificities.Ao considerar a suspensão das aulas presenciais, em virtude da pandemia e a adoção de um modelo de ensino remoto emergencial, o presente estudo foi realizado a partir da questão orientadora: Quais mediações pedagógicas e estratégias podem contribuir com o processo de aprendizagem da Matemática de um aluno com TEA diante do contexto pandêmico da Covid-19? Para tanto, estabeleceu-se como objetivo, investigar as mediações durante o processo de ensino e aprendizagem dos conteúdos matemáticos a um estudante com TEA realizadas durante o Ensino Remoto Emergencial no contexto da pandemia. Os referenciais teóricos que embasaram a presente pesquisa, fundamentaram-se nos estudos acerca da aprendizagem mediada, segundo as concepções de Vygotsky e Feuerstein, sobre a inclusão, o Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) e sobre o ensino da Matemática em uma perspectiva holística e inclusiva. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida numa abordagem qualitativa, na perspectiva da investigação da própria prática. Os instrumentos utilizados para a produção de dados consistiram em transcrições e análise de gravações dos encontros individuais e remotos com um estudante dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, nas notas de campo sobre as observações desses encontros e das atividades realizadas. Os dados analisados construídos foram separados em duas categorias: as mediações realizadas utilizando materiais manipuláveis e as mediações realizadas utilizando os recursos tecnológicos. Ao final do estudo, foi possível analisar que as mediações realizadas com o estudante por meio da utilização dos materiais manipuláveis e dos recursos tecnológicos durante os atendimentos síncronos resultaram em importantes momentos de envolvimento e aprendizagem, reforçando a ideia de que todo sujeito pode aprender, independentemente de suas condições na medida que se é exposto aos estímulos, às ferramentas de aprendizagem adequadas e que façam sentido, destacando a importância do olhar do professor para as situações de aprendizagem propostas em seus planejamentos. Sob esse viés, considerar as especificidades e potencialidades do estudante, para além de um diagnóstico clínico, foram fatores essenciais para traçar os caminhos percorridos e as pontes construídas neste trabalho de investigação. Algumas questões, de suma importância, foram observadas, como o trabalho desenvolvido a partir dos eixos de interesse do estudante, que só foi possível ser planejado em parceria com a família. A pesquisa sobre a própria prática possibilitou a ressignificação da ação docente no sentido de trazer a reflexão de que não há caminhos intransponíveis em direção à construção de pontes para o conhecimento, mesmo em condição adversa, como a da pandemia, desde que seja possível compreender os percursos existentes, e que se faça o planejamento e as escolhas para trilhar os caminhos levando em consideração as suas especificidades

Processo e Táticas de Socialização Organizacional de Novos Colaboradores: o caso Leroy Merlin

O presente estudo apresenta como tema central a importância da socialização organizacional de novos colaboradores no caso da empresa Leroy Merlin de Coimbra. Este estudo decorreu no departamento de gestão de recursos humanos, teve uma duração de três meses, e procurou compreender a importância e o tipo de práticas de socialização organizacionais aplicadas, bem como os processos de acolhimento e integração utilizados pelo departamento de gestão de recursos humanos. Este estudo teve uma abordagem qualitativa e recorreu-se ao método de observação participante. A pesquisa de dados qualitativos segundo Creswell (2014) permite a exploração e compreensão do significado que indivíduos ou grupos atribuem a um determinado fenómeno social ou humano. Este estudo teve como principais intervenientes a estagiária que assumiu o papel de investigadora, acompanhada pela responsável do departamento de RH, que supervisionou o trabalhado desenvolvido e os colaboradores que foram objeto de estudo e que integram a empresa, tendo sido dada maior importância aos elementos recém-chegados que foram o alvo principal de análise. Concluiu-se que as práticas de gestão de recursos humanos nomeadamente ao nível da socialização organizacional e do acolhimento e integração adotadas por parte da empresa, estão de acordo com o que foi investigado na revisão de literatura, e acompanha as tendências. / This study mainly presents the importance of organizational socialization for the integration of new employees in the company Leroy Merlin of Coimbra, which took place in the human resources management department and lasted three months. The purpose of this study is to understand the importance and type of organizational socialization practices applied, as well as the reception and integration processes used by the human resources management department. It has a qualitative approach and the participant observation method was used. According to Creswell (2014), the research of qualitative data allows the exploration and understanding of the meaning that individuals or groups attribute to a certain social or human phenomenon. The main participants for this study were the trainee who assumed the role of researcher accompanied by the head of the HR department, who supervised the developed work, and the collaborators who were the object of study and who are part of the company, with greater importance given to the newcomers who were the main target of analysis. It was concluded that the practices of human resources management, particularly in what comes to organizational socialization, and the reception and integration adopted by the company are in accordance with what was investigated in the literature review, and follow the trends

Aspectos biométricos y ultrasonográficos del desarrollo testicular en bovinos de la raza guzerat (Bos taurus indicus)

El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el desarrollo testicular en bovinos de la raza guzerat a través de la ultrasonografía, la biometría testicular y la evaluación espermática. Se evaluaron mensualmente 65 animales con edades entre los 9,1 y los 24 meses de edad durante seis meses consecutivos. Se midió el perímetro escrotal, el ancho y la longitud de los dos testículos y se tomaron imágenes ultrasonográficas en modo B y un transductor de 5 mhz. Las imágenes testiculares se grabaron con un equipo de video (vhs) y, posteriormente, se digitalizaron. Las imágenes se analizaron por computador utilizando el software Image J 1582 (Image National Institute of Health). Los animales con un perímetro escrotal ≥ 20 cm se sometieron a la colecta de semen por la técnica de electroeyaculación. Se consideró que los animales eran púberes, cuando presentaron al menos un espermatozoide móvil en el eyaculado. Las características espermáticas evaluadas fueron motilidad, vigor, concentración y morfología. Los resultados mostraron que los animales hasta los 30 meses de edad se encontraban aún en fase de crecimiento. La ecotextura del parénquima testicular de los animales púberes fue superior a la de los animales prepúberes. Se observó un aumento en la ecotextura testicular entre los 15 y 30 meses de edad. Las correlaciones entre la intensidad de los pixeles y las características morfológicas del semen no fueron significativas