Los alumnos de nuevo ingreso de origen asiático en la Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociología de la UCM

Depto. de Ciencia Política y de la AdministraciónFac. de Ciencias Políticas y SociologíaFALSEUCMsubmitte

Los derechos económicos, sociales y culturales y los recursos naturales

This paper addresses the topic of social, economic and cultural rights (DESCs, from the Spanish acronym), and their historical and current relationship with aspects such as civil and political rights, collective rights, and natural resources. It places particular emphasis on the lack of protection of DESCs on the part of society, government, and the justice system on a regional, national, and even international level, which leads to the lack of a conscientious, progressive, and scheduled articulation of human rights as a comprehensive concept. Therefore, human rights, but especially DESCs, are not materialized as a practical reality within the framework of modern democratic states. A discussion of this topic entails a historical conceptual review of DESCs and their direct relationship with economic and environmental issues such as natural resources, environment, sustainability, and viabilityEn este artículo se aborda el tema de los derechos económicos, sociales y culturales (DESC) y su relación histórica y actual con aspectos como los derechos civiles y políticos, los derechos colectivos y los recursos naturales; con énfasis en el desamparo social, estatal y judicial en que se encuentran los DESC en el contexto nacional, regional e incluso internacional, lo que conlleva que no se articulen de manera consciente, progresiva y programática los derechos humanos en su concepción integral; y por tanto ellos, en especial los DESC, no se concreten como realidad práctica dentro del marco de los Estados democráticos modernos. Para su desarrollo se realiza un análisis histórico y conceptual de los DESC y su relación directa con conceptos de carácter ambiental y económico como recursos naturales, medio ambiente, sostenibilidad y sustentabilidad

La investigación histórico-educativa. Balance, líneas y enfoques historiográficos actuales a través de un estudio de caso

Con el advenimiento del giro historiográfico hacia la historia total y, posteriormente, el surgimiento de la historia cultural, la historia de la educación ha vivido un giro copernicano que se ha explicitado en las líneas de trabajo desarrolladas durante las últimas décadas. En el presente trabajo, nos proponemos conocer las líneas de trabajo desarrolladas en este ámbito disciplinar —enmarcado dentro de la investigación cualitativa en el contexto educativo— a través de un estudio de caso: el grupo de investigación Claves históricas y comparadas de la Educación. Género e identidades. El estudio plantea una revisión bibliográfica que aspira a sintetizar dichas líneas de trabajo. Para ello, se ha empleado una búsqueda sistematizada de información en bases de datos internacionales —Google Scholar y Scopus— y nacionales —Dialnet e InDice—. Las principales líneas de trabajo surgidas durante las últimas décadas —tales como la historia del currículum, las trayectorias profesionales, los modelos pedagógicos o la práctica educativa— abrazando para ello múltiples fuentes primarias propias de este giro historiográfico. Asimismo, se han diferenciado como líneas complementarias el patrimonio histórico-educativo, la perspectiva de género y la didáctica de la historia de la educación en el ámbito universitario. En líneas generales, podemos afirmar que en el contexto estudiado se puede apreciar una clara recepción de las tendencias historiográficas auspiciadas durante los años noventa del pasado siglo, centradas en el empleo de fuentes propias de la cultura escolar. Asimismo, se vislumbran nuevas líneas de trabajo que abundan parcialmente en ellas, y abren nuevos horizontes hacia el estudio de cuerpos docentes como la inspección educativa, la ampliación de la cartografía de la depuración o la indagación sobre las identidades de género.

RECONOCIMIENTO FACIAL POR EL MÉTODO DE EIGENFACES

ResumenEn este trabajo se presenta una aplicación de detección facial por Eigenfaces que usa Microsoft Visual Studio con diversas herramientas de programación como C# y librerías de la plataforma Emgu CV asociadas a OpenCV. El desarrollo de la aplicación se codificó en dos partes: una de registro y la otra de reconocimiento. El programa está cargado en una computadora de escritorio con sistema operativo Windows 8 y se usa la webcam integrada. En la etapa de registro el individuo se presenta ante la cámara para tomarle tres fotografías en diferentes instantes. En la etapa de reconocimiento el usuario se presenta ante la cámara y el sistema hace una comparación con todos los registros existentes en la base de datos indicando si el usuario está registrado. Tanto en la etapa de registro como en la etapa de reconocimiento se crean otros formularios que interconectan ambas, utilizan templates del explorador de soluciones por HaarCascade, CANNY_PRUNING y el objeto EigenObjectRecognizer. El proyecto se sometió a la parte experimental con un universo del tamaño de diez usuarios, en el que ocho usuarios son hombres y dos usuarios mujeres, haciendo diez pruebas por usuario obteniendo una matriz de confusión con resultados del 100% de reconocimiento incluso con usuarios no registrados.Palabra(s) Clave: Algoritmo, Eigenfaces, HaarCascade, Reconocimiento facial. FACIAL RECOGNITION BY THE METHOD OF EIGENFACESAbstractThis paper presents an Eigenfaces facial detection application that uses Microsoft Visual Studio programming software with tools such as C # and Emgu CV libraries associated with OpenCV. The development of the application was codified in two parts: one of records and the other of recognition. The program is loaded on a desktop computer with Windows 8 operating system and the integrated webcam is used. At the registration stage the individual appears before the camera to take 3 photographs at different times. In the recognition stage the user appears before the camera and the system makes a comparison with all the existing registers in the database indicating if the user is registered. Both the registration stage and the recognition stage create other forms that interconnect both, use solution explorer templates by HaarCascade, CANNY_PRUNING, and the EigenObjectRecognizer object. The project was submitted to the experimental part with a universe of the size of ten users, in which eight users are male and two female users, doing ten tests per user obtaining a confusion matrix with results of 100% recognition even with non-users recorded.Keywords: Algorithm, Eigenfaces, Facial recognition, HaarCascade

Evaluating the Functional Properties of Spray-Dried Porcine Plasma in Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata) Fed Low Fish Meal Diets

Blood by-products are an untapped source of high-quality ingredients for aquafeeds, containing a broad variety of cytokines, hormones, growth factors, proteins, bioactive peptides, and amino acids. The effects of the spray-dried porcine plasma (SDPP), a type of processed animal protein on several immune parameters, were evaluated in sea bream using ex vivo and in vitro assays. In this study, fish were fed with two isoproteic, isolipidic, and isoenergetic diets: control diet (7% fish meal, FM) and SDPP diet (2% FM and 5% SDPP). At the end of the 92-days trial, those fed the SDPP diet were larger in body weight (p 0.05). The ex vivo immune stimulation of splenocytes indicated that SDPP had a beneficial effect in promoting systemic immunity, since the surface cell marker (cd4), pro- (il-1β), and anti-inflammatory (tgf-β1) cytokines, and genes involved in humoral immunity (IgM) were up-regulated. The co-culture assays of skin mucus corroborated that SDPP enhanced the antibacterial capacity of mucus against V. anguillarum. In addition, main mucus biomarkers did not show significant differences, except for cortisol levels which were lower in the SDPP diet. The present study indicated that SDPP may be considered a functional ingredient in aquafeeds formulated with low FM levels.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Sociodemographic and psychological predictors of intention to receive a COVID-19 vaccine in elderly peruvians

The implementation of a vaccine against COVID-19 is one of the most important health strategies to mitigate the spread of the disease. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of the intention to be vaccinated against COVID-19 and its predictors in older Peruvian adults. This is a cross-sectional study, where information was collected through an online survey regarding vaccination intention of the participants, as well as sociodemographic and psychological variables. A multiple regression analysis was applied to identify predictors of intention to be vaccinated against COVID-19. We evaluated 245 participants, who had a mean age of 72.74 years old (SD = 6.66). 65.5% of these older adults expressed a high likelihood of accepting vaccination, while 20.9% expressed a low likelihood of accepting vaccination, and 13.6% were hesitant. Eleven predictors were identified that explained 66.69% of the intention to vaccinate against COVID-19. This identified place of residence, perceived likelihood of contracting COVID-19, severity of previous infection with COVID-19, fear of the disease, previous refusal of a vaccine, concerns about vaccine sales and speculation, and trust toward vaccines against COVID-19, as the main predictors. Our results show that confidence in vaccines and previous vaccine refusal are relevant predictors of intention to vaccinate against COVID-19 in older adults; these findings may be useful to guide the development of campaigns for the immunization of this vulnerable group in the current pandemic. © 2021, Associação Brasileira de Psicologia

The Rapid Antigen Detection Test for SARS-CoV-2 Underestimates the Identification of COVID-19 Positive Cases and Compromises the Diagnosis of the SARS-CoV-2 (K417N/T, E484K, and N501Y) Variants

Timely detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome due to coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) has been the gold- strategy for identifying positive cases during the current pandemic. However, faster and less expensive methodologies are also applied for the massive diagnosis of COVID-19. In this way, the rapid antigen test (RAT) is widely used. However, it is necessary to evaluate its detection efficiency considering the current pandemic context with the circulation of new viral variants. In this study, we evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of RAT (SD BIOSENSOR, South Korea), widely used for testing and SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis in Santiago of Chile. The RAT showed a 90% (amplification range of 20 ≤ Cq 30. In SARS-CoV-2 variant detection, RAT had a 42.8% detection sensitivity in samples with RT-qPCR amplification range 20 ≤ Cq <25 containing the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) K417N/T, N501Y and E484K, associated with beta or gamma SARS-CoV-2 variants. This study alerts for the special attention that must be paid for the use of RAT at a massive diagnosis level, especially in the current scenario of appearance of several new SARS-CoV-2 variants which could generate false negatives and the compromise of possible viral outbreaks

Bleomycin-induced pneumomediastinum in a young man with testicular cancer

Introducción: La presencia de neumomediastino inducido por bleomicina (NIB) en pacientes con tumores de células germinales (TCG) es una variante clínica poco común dentro del espectro de toxicidad pulmonar asociada a este fármaco. La incidencia de NIB es actualmente desconocida debido a su rareza. Caso clínico: Presentamos el caso de un hombre de 21 anos ˜ de edad que se presentó con recurrencia de un tumor germinal mixto posterior a dos anos ˜ de vigilancia tras orquiectomía por enfermedad limitada al testículo. Se planteó como esquema de tratamiento el régimen BEP. Tras la primera administración de 30 UI de bleomicina desarrolló neumomediastino aislado. Posterior a 4 días de vigilancia con manejo conservador presentó buena respuesta. Conclusiones: Presentamos el primer caso de NIB tras una sola dosis de bleomicina en un paciente con cáncer testicular. Elegir al paciente que se pudiera beneficiar más con el uso de bleomicina, individualizando su utilización, pudiera reducir la incidencia de toxicidad asociada a este fármaco en los pacientes con TCG. Se debe prestar especial atención a los síntomas respiratorios durante el tratamiento con esquemas que contengan bleomicin

Evaluating the functional properties of spray-dried porcine plasma in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) fed low fish meal diets.

Blood by-products are an untapped source of high-quality ingredients for aquafeeds, containing a broad variety of cytokines, hormones, growth factors, proteins, bioactive peptides, and amino acids. The effects of the spray-dried porcine plasma (SDPP), a type of processed animal protein on several immune parameters, were evaluated in sea bream using ex vivo and in vitro assays. In this study, fish were fed with two isoproteic, isolipidic, and isoenergetic diets: control diet (7% fish meal, FM) and SDPP diet (2% FM and 5% SDPP). At the end of the 92-days trial, those fed the SDPP diet were larger in body weight (p 0.05). The ex vivo immune stimulation of splenocytes indicated that SDPP had a beneficial effect in promoting systemic immunity, since the surface cell marker (cd4), pro- (il-1β), and anti-inflammatory (tgf-β1) cytokines, and genes involved in humoral immunity (IgM) were up-regulated. The co-culture assays of skin mucus corroborated that SDPP enhanced the antibacterial capacity of mucus against V. anguillarum. In addition, main mucus biomarkers did not show significant differences, except for cortisol levels which were lower in the SDPP diet. The present study indicated that SDPP may be considered a functional ingredient in aquafeeds formulated with low FM levels