Towards Enriched Controllability for Educational Question Generation

Question Generation (QG) is a task within Natural Language Processing (NLP) that involves automatically generating questions given an input, typically composed of a text and a target answer. Recent work on QG aims to control the type of generated questions so that they meet educational needs. A remarkable example of controllability in educational QG is the generation of questions underlying certain narrative elements, e.g., causal relationship, outcome resolution, or prediction. This study aims to enrich controllability in QG by introducing a new guidance attribute: question explicitness. We propose to control the generation of explicit and implicit wh-questions from children-friendly stories. We show preliminary evidence of controlling QG via question explicitness alone and simultaneously with another target attribute: the question's narrative element. The code is publicly available at github.com/bernardoleite/question-generation-control.Comment: This is a preprint of an article to be published at the Int. Conf. on Artificial Intelligence in Education (AIED, 2023

On computing real logarithms for matrices in the Lie group of special Euclidean motions in Rn

We show that the diagonal Pade approximants methods, both for computing the principal logarithm of matrices belonging to the Lie groupSE (n, IR) of special Euclidean motions in IRn and to compute the matrix exponential of elements in the corresponding Lie algebra se(n, IR), are structure preserving. Also, for the particular cases when n == 2,3 we present an alternative closed form to compute the principal logarithm. These low dimensional Lie groups play an important role in the kinematic motion of many mechanical systems and, for that reason, the results presented here have immediate applications in robotic

Padé and Gregory error estimates for the logarithm of block triangular matrices

In this paper we give bounds for the error arising in the approximation of the logarithm of a block triangular matrix T by Padé approximants of the function f(x)=log[(1+x)/(1-x)] and partial sums of Gregory's series. These bounds show that if the norm of all diagonal blocks of the Cayley-transform B=(T-I)(T+I)-1 is sufficiently close to zero, then both approximation methods are accurate. This will contribute for reducing the number of successive square roots of T needed in the inverse scaling and squaring procedure for the matrix logarithm.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TYD-4G5BJ9P-2/1/398a212a906943d2474a2cd6166c1d3

Metalinguistic activity in higher education: Thinking about words

This study investigates the metalinguistic activity of students attending the second year of the Bachelor’s degree in Basic Education, which provides the credits required to apply to masters on Pre-school Education (3 to 5 years) and Teaching in 1st and 2nd Cycles of Basic Education (6 to 10 years and 10 to 12 years, respectively). Students were engaged in a multiple-choice quiz which involved the identification of the syntactic categories of words (20 questions, each with 3 possible answers). On the basis of the content analysis of students’ collaborative talk, the study aims at: (i) identifying students’ conceptions about syntactic categories; (ii) analysing the strategies used to identify the syntactic category of words (morphological, syntactic, semantic criteria); (iii) suggesting instruction guidelines to promote the development of students’ syntactic awareness in higher education. Data collected includes audio recording of 30 groups peer-to-peer interaction and quiz scores. The results show that metalinguistic activity emerges at different levels (see Fontich 2016; Camps et al. 2000): declarative knowledge is involved, for instance, in the memorization of the intensive and extensive properties of the syntactic categories (see Excerpt (1)), whereas procedural knowledge arises in the strategies used to identify the syntactic category of words (see Excerpt (2)). Other variables will be explored in the triangulation of data, such as the quality of the talk (Mercer, 1996; Fernández, Wegerif, Mercer & Rojas-Drummond 2001) and group dynamics (Corcelles & Castelló, 2015).info:eu-repo/semantics/draf

Dark personality traits and online behaviors: Portuguese versions of Cyberstalking, Online Harassment, Flaming and Trolling Scales

The main objective of this study is to assess moderation effects of online behaviors between personality traits and addiction to Internet. To this end, four instruments were validated for Portuguese version through confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory factor analysis (Study 1) Multiple regression analysis was applied to examine the personality predictors of specific online behaviors while controlling for gender and age; and moderation effects were assessed (Study 2). Results showed good psychometric properties for the four validated scales. Machiavellianism is positively associated with all the dimensions of this study. Psychopathy is positively associated with total Cyberstalking, Cyberstalking Control, Flaming and Trolling. Narcissism is positively associated with all the dimensions, except Online Harassment and Flaming. Machiavellianism is positively associated with Addiction to Internet through Cyberstalking, Flaming and Trolling. Psychopathy is positively associated with Addiction to Internet through Cyberstalking Control and Flaming. Narcissism is also positively associated with Addiction to Internet through Cyberstalking and Trolling. This study demonstrates that dimensions of the dark triad of personality play an important role in Internet addiction through online behaviors. The results of this study have theoretical and practical implications: on the one hand, they reinforces the findings of other studies showing that dimensions of the dark personality triad play an important role in Internet and social network addition, contributing to the literature; and, on the other hand, on a practical level, they allow to conduct awareness campaigns in communities, schools, and work to understand that one can be exposed to unpleasant situations due to behaviors that some people with personality traits of Machiavellianism, narcissism and/or psychopathy that may cause problems affecting the mental, emotional and psychological health of others.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

PS-HEMA latex fractionation by sedimentation and colloidal crystallization

A poly(styrene-co-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) latex underwent sedimentation under gravity followed by an spontaneous and extensive colloidal crystallization. It was then fractionated in three visually distinguishable layers. Latex aliquots layers were sampled at different heigths and the particles were characterized by PCS, microelectrophoresis, infrared spectra and analytical electron microscopy. The major fraction was opalescent and contained the colloidal crystals settled in the bottom of the liquid. Two other latex fractions were obtained, which differed in their chemical compositions, particle sizes and topochemical features from the self-arraying particles. Macrocrystallization of the fractionated latex yielded high quality crystals with a low frequency of defects, which confirms that particle chemical homogeneity is an important factor for particle self-arraying.Látex de poli(estireno-co-hidroxiacrilato de metila) separa-se em três camadas visualmente distinguíveis, das quais a inferior é opalescente e contém cristais coloidais. Alíquotas do látex foram coletadas em diferentes alturas, e as partículas foram caracterizadas, por espalhamento de luz dinâmico, microeletroforese, IV e microscopia eletrônica analítica. A fração inferior contém a maior parte do polímero, sendo formada por partículas de dimensões e composição química uniformes. As partículas coletadas das duas outras frações são diferentes das que formam os cristais coloidais, em praticamente todos os aspectos. A secagem da fração opalescente produz macrocristais de alta qualidade, com baixa frequência de defeitos, mostrando que a homogeneidade química das partículas é um fator importante, na sua auto-organização.497504Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

Aptidão física relacionada à saúde em escolares em vulnerabilidade social

Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (graduação)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Educação Física, 2021.Introdução: Nas últimas décadas a prática de atividade física tem diminuído devido ao aumento da mecanização, promovendo um declínio na aptidão física, principalmente em crianças e adolescentes. Objetivo: O objetivo do estudo foi analisar as prevalências e indicar possíveis associações entre aptidão física e problemas de saúde em escolares em vulnerabilidade social. Metodologia: Foram avaliadas 61 crianças em vulnerabilidade utilizando testes retirados do manual projeto esporte Brasil. Resultados: Os resultados indicam uma tendência para a influência do IMC para força muscular. Conclusão:O estudo conclui que há uma tendência de que baixos valores de IMC indicariam um melhor desempenho de Força/Resistência Muscular e que valores de IMC não geram impacto no resultado do teste de flexibilidade de sentar e alcançar.Introduction: In recent decades, the practice of physical activity has decreased due to the increase in mechanization, promoting a decline in physical fitness, especially in children and adolescents. Objective: The aim of the study was to analyze the prevalence and indicate possible associations between physical fitness and health problems in socially vulnerable students. Methodology: 61 socially vulnerable children were evaluated using tests taken from the Brazil sport project manual. Results: The results indicate a trend towards the influence of BMI on muscle strength. Conclusion: The study concludes that there is a tendency that low BMI values would indicate better Muscle Strength/Endurance performance and that BMI values do not impact the result of the sit and reach flexibility test

A influência do conteúdo de páginas de marca no Facebook no envolvimento do consumidor : um caso de estudo no setor alimentar

Dissertation presented as the partial requirement for obtaining a Master's degree in Information Management, specialization in Marketing IntelligenceConstatando a presença crescente das redes sociais na gestão da comunicação das marcas, esta dissertação procura identificar os tipos de conteúdo que são mais suscetíveis de aumentar o envolvimento dos consumidores com as publicações no Facebook das marcas. Através de uma análise do conteúdo de três páginas de fãs de três marcas distintas do setor alimentar pertencentes a um mesmo grupo, atualmente a comercializar em Portugal, tentou-­‐se responder à pergunta ‘Que tipo de conteúdo criado e publicado pela marca na sua página de Facebook gera os maiores níveis de envolvimento online do consumidor?’. Os posts publicados entre o início de 2017 e o início de 2018 foram analisados e categorizados por tipo de conteúdo. As categorias utilizadas foram: conteúdo informativo, conteúdo de entretenimento, conteúdo de passatempos, conteúdo de interação e conteúdo sobre lançamento de produtos. Através de uma análise quantitativa dos dados fornecidos pelos Facebook, foram medidos os níveis de envolvimento com os posts das diferentes categorias através das métricas propostas por Bonsón & Ratkai (2013) e da ferramenta Socialbakers analytics. Os resultados desta dissertação indicaram que o conteúdo desempenha um papel importante na criação de envolvimento com os consumidores, sendo que o conteúdo lançamento de produtos obteve os melhores resultados de acordo com as variáveis e métricas estudadas. Contudo, foi o conteúdo menos publicado nas três páginas. Por outro lado, o entretenimento foi o conteúdo mais publicado, tendo obtido níveis mais baixos de envolvimento nos posts. Posto isto, concluiu-­‐se que as marcas deverão fazer uma distribuição mais equilibrada das categorias de conteúdo publicadas, para aumentar e/ou manter os níveis de envolvimento com os posts.Acknowledging social media growing presence in brand communication management, this dissertation seeks to identify the content types most likely to increase consumer engagement and interaction with brands’ Facebook pages. To answer the question 'What type of brand content brands posts in their Facebook pages generates the highest levels of online consumer engagement?’, a content analysis was developed in three different Facebook pages of three food brands, of the same business group, currently operating in Portugal. The brand’s posts between early 2017 and early 2018 were analysed and categorized by content type. The categories used were: informative content, entertainment content, contest content, interaction content and product launches content. Through Facebook data quantitative analysis, the engagement and interaction levels of different posts categories were measured and compared using the metrics proposed by Bonsón & Ratkai (2013) and the Socialbakers analytics tool. The results of this dissertation indicate that content plays an important role in the creation of consumers engagement. Product launches were found to be the most engaging type of content. However, it is the least published in the three analysed Facebook pages. On the other hand, entertainment was the most published content and obtained lower engagement levels on its posts. Therefore, it was concluded that brands should do a more balanced distribution of content categories published in order to maintain and/or increase the consumers’ engagement levels

Lex mercatoria, arbitragem internacional e democracia: reflexões acerca da utilização dos usos do comércio transnacional enquanto fundamento válido e democrático para a resolução de conflitos por meio da arbitragem internacional.

Este artigo tem por finalidade analisar a conceituação histórica de lex mercatoria e o ambiente de produção de normas referentes ao comércio internacional fora dos limites de atuação legislativa dos Estados soberanos. O texto trabalhará com a abordagem empreendida por Gunther Teubner quanto a lex mercatoria e a teoria dos sistemas; por Marcelo Neves relativamente à definição de uma ordem privada transnacional; e por Rodrigo Broglia Mendes no que diz respeito ao comércio e à arbitragem internacionais sob a ótica da lex mercatoria. Para além da quebra de paradigmas eventualmente decorrente da utilização de normas que não derivam da atuação estatal, o objetivo deste trabalho é compreender se a utilização dos usos do comércio internacional para a resolução de conflitos tende a implicar em limitação da experiência democrática no âmbito dos Estados soberanos. A contribuição que se pretende conferir com este texto está na elaboração de uma leitura da lex mercatoria levando-se em consideração a perspectiva da experiência democrática. Tem-se, com isso, a tentativa de preenchimento de uma lacuna no que se refere à análise prática do que seja a lex mercatoria e a sua aplicação para a resolução de conflitos transnacionais mediante procedimentos arbitrais