Evidence for the expression of native Mycobacterium tuberculosis phospholipase C: recognition by immune sera and detection of promoter activity

The genome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv contains three contiguous genes (plc-a, plc-b and plc-c) which are similar to the Pseudomonas aeruginosa phospholipase C (PLC) genes. Expression of mycobacterial PLC-a and PLC-b in E. coli and M. smegmatis has been reported, whereas expression of the native proteins in M. tuberculosis H37Rv has not been demonstrated. The objective of the present study was to demonstrate that native PLC-a is expressed in M. tuberculosis H37Rv. Sera from mice immunized with recombinant PLC-a expressed in E. coli were used in immunoblots to evaluate PLC-a expression. The immune serum recognized a 49-kDa protein in immunoblots against M. tuberculosis extracts. No bands were visible in M. tuberculosis culture supernatants or extracts from M. avium, M. bovis and M. smegmatis. A 550-bp DNA fragment upstream of plc-a was cloned in the pJEM12 vector and the existence of a functional promoter was evaluated by detection of ß-galactosidase activity. ß-Galactosidase activity was detected in M. smegmatis transformed with recombinant pJEM12 grown in vitro and inside macrophages. The putative promoter was active both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that expression is constitutive. In conclusion, expression of non-secreted native PLC-a was demonstrated in M. tuberculosis.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e ParasitologiaUNIFESP, EPM, Depto. de Microbiologia, Imunologia e ParasitologiaSciEL

Synergy of combined Doxycycline/TUDCA treatment in lowering Transthyretin deposition and associated biomarkers: studies in FAP mouse models

Familial Amyloidotic Polyneuropathy (FAP) is a disorder characterized by the extracellular deposition of fibrillar Transthyretin (TTR) amyloid, with a special involvement of the peripheral nerve. We had previously shown that doxycycline administered for 3 months at 40 mg/Kg/ml in the drinking water, was capable of removing TTR amyloid deposits present in stomachs of old TTR-V30M transgenic mice; the removal was accompanied by a decrease in extracellular matrix remodeling proteins that accompany fibrillar deposition, but not of non-fibrillar TTR deposition and/or markers associated with pre-fibrillar deposits. On the other hand, Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), a biliary acid, administrated to the same mouse model was shown to be effective at lowering deposited non-fibrillar TTR, as well as the levels of markers associated with pre-fibrillar TTR, but only at young ages

Narrativas das infâmias : um pouco de possível para a subjetivação contemporânea

O que pode a psicologia social ao somar em seu corpo metodológico e conceitual algumas estratégias vindas das artes poéticas? O que pode a psicologia social se somamos narrativas ficcionais aos nossos trabalhos e pesquisas com as vidas infames que foram trancadas e esquecidas nos antigos hospícios e hospitais psiquiátricos? Este artigo apresenta três perspectivas sobre os potenciais advindos da hibridização entre a psicologia social e as narrativas ficcionais: a escrita ficcional para além do dizível, para além do juízo e para além dos silêncios produzidos nos espaços de fechamento disciplinar. Propomos aqui um ensaio conceitual que explore as potencias expressivas da ficção para fazer emergir novas visibilidades possíveis sobre estas esquecidas vidas infames. Com estas ferramentas conceituais ao redor do trabalho biografemático e da potência da escrita ficcional, podemos ultrapassar o silêncio produzido pelos muros do antigo Hospital Psiquiátrico São Pedro com nossas pesquisas.What can social psychology do by adding to its own methodological and conceptual body some strategies originating from the poetic arts? What can social psychology do if we add fictional narratives to our works and researches about infamous lives that were locked and forgotten into asylums and mental hospitals? This article presents three perspectives about the potential resulting from the hybridization between social psychology and fictional narratives: the fictional writing situated beyond whats is speakable, the writing beyond judgment, the writing beyond the silences produced in spaces of disciplinary closure. We propose a conceptual essay that explores the expressive potential of fiction to bring out new possible visibilities about those forgotten and infamous lives. With these conceptual tools, towards a biographematical work and the potency of the fictional writing, we are able to overcome with our research, the silence produced by the walls of the ancient São Pedro Psychiatric Hospital

Módulo V: Fundamentos históricos e conceituais da saúde mental e atenção psicossocial

Ministério da Saúd

Ensino de Línguas na Cultura Digital

Cada tecnología que apareció en la historia trajo nuevas posibilidades para la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras, desde los primeros programas de radio de la mitad del siglo XX, pasando por el cine, la televisión, el ordenador hasta las experiencias más recientes mediadas por el lenguaje digital en red como los videojuegos, las narrativas transmedia y la realidad aumentada. En la cultura digital las lenguas se expanden con nuevas posibilidades de comunicación, interacción e interactividad, permitiendo conectar personas alrededor del mundo, potenciando la interculturalidad

A gestão da pandemia de covid-19 e as suas repercussões para o gestor do SUS

Este artigo discute os desafios enfrentados pelos gestores estaduais do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) no contexto da pandemia de covid-19 e as consequências produzidas em suas vidas pessoais. A partir de entrevistas com gestores estaduais, tornou-se evidente que a pandemia demandou o replanejamento das ações e serviços de saúde, a estruturação de novos serviços e leitos hospitalares, o uso de telemedicina e a contratação e capacitação de profissionais. Também emergiu a ausência de políticas integradas e de uma coordenação nacional, que levou à adoção de diferentes estratégias por parte dos estados. Estes fatores, assim como a politização da pandemia, a negação da doença e a tentativa do governo federal de impor tratamentos ineficazes para a covid-19 foram consideradas entre as maiores dificuldades vivenciadas pelos gestores. Fazer a gestão do SUS se tornou um exercício de risco, com repercussões deletérias não apenas para si e para a sua gestão, mas também para suas famílias e amigos. Se, por um lado, o contexto extenuante afetou a saúde física e mental dos gestores, que passaram a lidar com excesso de peso, ansiedade e angústia, de outro, foi fonte de motivação por catalisar solidariedade, empatia e o compartilhamento entre os atores políticos.This article discusses the challenges faced by the state managers of the Brazilian National Health System (SUS) in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and the consequences produced in their personal life. From interviews with state managers, it became evident that the pandemic implied the re-planning of health actions and services, the structuring of new hospital services and beds, the use of telemedicine and the hiring and training of professionals. It also exposed the lack of integrated policies and national coordination, which led to the adoption of different strategies by the states. These factors, as well as the politicization of the pandemic, the denial of the disease and the attempt of the federal government to impose ineffective treatments for COVID-19 were considered among the greatest difficulties experienced by managers. Managing the SUS has become a risky exercise, with deleterious repercussions not only for themselves and their management, but also for their families and friends. If, on the one hand, the strenuous context affected the managers’ physical and mental health, who began dealing with overweight, anxiety, and anguish, on the other hand, it was a source of motivation for catalyzing solidarity, empathy, and sharing among political actors

Influence of stress factors on the vital signs of neonates under intensive care

Background and Objectives: Maintenance of regular development and maturation of the Central Neural System of neonates in the first year of life, associated to the environmental conditions in which they are inserted, justifies the scientific relevance of this research. Our objective is to describe the influence of stress factors on hospitalized neonates in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a teaching hospital. Methods: Cross-sectional study with convenience sampling. The participants were observed in moments that were identified as being of highest and lowest exposition to stress factors, thus sound pressure, illuminance, quantity of procedures, presence of pain, and the indicators of vital signs expressed by the patients’ monitors were registered. Results: Thirteen neonates, predominantly moderate premature babies of low weight, of c-section birth, average age of 8.0 ± 5.9 days, mostly female and breathing room air, were evaluated. We noted that stress factors produced significant increase of the heart rate (sound pressure: p=0.001, illuminance:

Percepción de los peligros hidrometeorológicos en la provincia de Camagüey: punto de partida para la educación ambiental / Perception of Hydro-meteorological hazard in Camagüey province: a starting point for environmental education

Se presentan los resultados del estudio de la percepción del peligro, por inundaciones,  intensas lluvias, penetraciones del mar y afectaciones por fuertes vientos, según la metodología propuesta por el Grupo Nacional de Evaluación de Riesgos que coordina la Agencia de Medio Ambiente (AMA) del CITMA.  Las unidades de análisis fueron: los municipios y las zonas de defensa. En el  procesamiento estadístico de los datos fueron utilizados los software: Excel, SPSS y Data Entry. La muestra de 1 599 personas, representa el 0,20 % de la población de la provincia. El 62.3 % de la muestra pertenece a los municipios de Camagüey, Florida, Nuevitas Vertientes y Santa Cruz del Sur.  Los resultados de la encuesta realizada determina que el nivel de percepción del peligro por parte de la población es predominantemente medio (una percepción cercana a la realidad) en la mayoría de los encuestados (53%) independientemente de las vulnerabilidades estructurales, funcionales, económicas y ecológicas, existiendo comportamientos particulares a nivel de los consejos populares de cada municipio. Se discuten las diferencias observadas de acuerdo a las variables sociodemográficas estudiadas y se plantean las recomendaciones para el empleo de esta información en los procesos de educación ambiental.ABSTRACT The results of the study of the perception of hazard due to floods, intense rains, in-land sea floods and strong winds are presented, according to the methodology proposed by the National Group of Evaluation of Risks that coordinates by the Environment Agency (AMA) of the CITMA.  The analysis units were the municipalities and the d areas of defense. For the statistical analysis of data the software Excel, SPSS and Data Entry were used. The sample taken includes 1 599 people which represents 0,20% of the population of the county; 62.3% of the sample belongs to the municipalities of Camagüey, Florida, Nuevitas, Vertientes and Santa Cruz del Sur. The results of surveys, in most of those interviewed (53%), determines that the level of perception of the hazard on the part of the population is mainly medium (perception closed to reality) aside from the structural, functional, economic and ecological vulnerabilities. There are differences levels of perception form one Popular Council to another. These differences are discussed according to the studied socio demographics variables and the hints given for the needed environmental education