ADOÇÃO DOS EMBRIÕES EXCEDENTÁRIOS E SUAS IMPLICAÇÕES À LUZ DO ORDENAMENTO JURÍDICO BRASILEIRO

O objetivo do presente artigo é analisar a adoção embrionária, como instrumento de efetivação do planejamento familiar (art. 226 §7º da Constituição Federal),  isso porque com o avanço das técnicas médicas possibilitou-se através das técnicas de reprodução assistida a fecundação de maneira extracorpórea, no entanto, o referido procedimento limita o número de embriões a serem implantados em cada ciclo gestacional de modo que acaba por deixar diversos embriões excedentes criopreservados, motivo pelo qual se questiona se a técnica em questão não poderia ser o melhor destino para milhares de milhões de embriões criopreservados.  Isso porque atualmente não se vê na legislação brasileira nenhuma regulamentação normativa acerca das técnicas de reprodução assistida, existindo somente a Resolução n° 2.168/2017 do Conselho Federal e Medicina  que a realização da prática não possui qualquer espécie de poder normativo, e nem determina como esta deve funcionar. Para tanto, a presente pesquisa utilizou o método hipotético-dedutivo, fundamentado em pesquisa e revisão bibliográfica de livros, artigos de periódicos, legislação e doutrina aplicáveis ao caso.

Genetic diversity of American wild rice species

Studies on genetic diversity and genetic structure of natural populations are important in order to define strategies for in situ and ex situ conservation actions and for plant pre-breeding programs. Aiming to assess the genetic diversity and genetic structure of three wild American Oryza species with isozyme markers, 14 populations of the diploid O. glumaepatula (AglAgl), 11 populations of the tetraploid O. grandiglumis (CCDD) and five populations of the also tetraploid O. latifolia (CCDD) were studied. They were all originated from Rio Paraguay hydrographic basin and the Amazon. Four enzymes were used and they gave 40 polymorphic bands. The most polymorphic species was O. glumaepatula, followed by O. latifolia and O. grandiglumis. A cluster analysis with the Jaccard similarity coefficient separated the diploid from the two tetraploid species, and also the two tetraploid species. This separation was also evident on a scatter plot from a principal component analysis, suggesting that they should be treated as two separate species, although further studies are necessary to provide support for this affirmative. The AMOVA analyses showed a high intrapopulational variability for O. latifolia (67.6%) and O. grandiglumis (52.2%), when compared to their interpopulational variability (32.4% and 47.8%, respectively), which suggests the hypothesis of a higher degree of outcrossing events within these species. When studying the correlation between the Jaccard dissimilarity coefficient and geographic distances, a spatial genetic structure was observed for O. glumaepatula only. These results are important for defining strategies of both in situ and ex situ conservation.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Detecção e compensação de sombras em imagens de áreas urbanas densas com alta resolução espacial

Novas possibilidades para o mapeamento urbano vêm sendo criadas com o aumento no detalhamento das imagens. Contudo, as imagens acabam sofrendo com informações indesejadas ocasionadas por objetos elevados, como é o caso da grande quantidade de áreas de sombras, que influenciam na resposta espectral dos alvos e dificultam muitas aplicações. Dessa forma, este trabalho tem como principal objetivo estabelecer uma metodologia capaz de detectar e compensar os efeitos das sombras. O algoritmo proposto e implementado no Matlab utiliza propriedades de operadores morfológicos combinados para detectar as sombras, a partir do baixo padrão de respostas que elas apresentam nas imagens. O top-hat por fechamento de área consegue realçar as sombras que são detectadas na sequência pela binarização automática. Na compensação, o matching de histograma local é aplicado, combinando as estatísticas de cada região de sombras com sua vizinhança. O método foi testado em imagens WorldView-2 da área urbana de São Paulo. A análise dos resultados mostrou que a metodologia conseguiu identificar a maioria das áreas de sombras, comprovado pelos índices de completeza e correção calculados, e homogeneizar as diferenças radiométricas ocasionadas pelas sombras. Melhorias devem ser incorporadas no sentido de diminuir confusões e aumentar a discriminação dos alvos sob sombras

TEORIA DE PIAGET E EXPERIMENTAÇÃO NO ENSINO DE ELETROMAGNETISMO

This report refers to the Pedagogical Residency Program, linked to the Licentiate Degree in Physics at the Federal Institute of Catarinense – Campus Concórdia. The objective was to promote the immersion of the licentiate in the school context and enable the learning and development of the teaching identity. The activities were carried out with a 3rd-year class of Technician in Agriculture Integrated into High School, and involved the reading of documents relevant to the teaching-learning process, eight weeks of work as a teacher and application of a didactic workshop. During the teaching and didactic workshop, concepts related to electromagnetism were addressed through experimentation, history of science, problem solving and virtual simulations. As a theoretical basis, the constructivist conceptions of Jean Piaget were adopted. In general, the experiences developed in the Pedagogical Residency represented a unique opportunity to prepare for future teaching work.Este relatório refere-se ao Programa de Residência Pedagógica, vinculado ao curso de Licenciatura em Física do Instituto Federal Catarinense – Campus Concórdia. O objetivo foi promover a imersão do licenciando no contexto escolar e possibilitar o aprendizado e o desenvolvimento da identidade docente. As atividades foram desenvolvidas com uma turma de 3° ano do Técnico em Agropecuária Integrado ao Ensino Médio, e envolveram a leitura de documentos pertinentes para o processo de ensino-aprendizagem, oito semanas de atuação como docente e aplicação de uma oficina didática. Durante a docência e a oficina didática foram abordados os conceitos ligados a eletromagnetismo, por meio da experimentação, história da ciência, resolução de problemas e simulações virtuais. Como embasamento teórico, foram adotadas as concepções construtivistas de Jean Piaget. De modo geral, as experiências desenvolvidas na Residência Pedagógica representaram uma oportunidade única de preparação para o futuro trabalho docente

A nonrecursive GR algorithm to extract road networks in high-resolution images from remote sensing

A number of studies address the development of algorithms based on the Growing Region (GR) technique adaptations for extracting road networks in images. However, these algorithms are high-computationally demanding and time-consuming while processing high-resolution images. The aim of this study is to introduce a modified version of the GR algorithm, named Nonrecursive Growing Region (NRGR), to extract road networks in high-resolution images from remote sensing. This study describes how the NRGR algorithm works to perform the extractions in a faster way. The proposed algorithm was developed taking into consideration the reduction of the data dependence between its tasks in order to allow the GR algorithm to process these tasks with the help of Graphical Processor Units (GPUs). The experiments were conducted to demonstrate the ability of the NRGR to process low or high spatial resolution images with or without the help of GPUs. Results achieved by experiments performed in this study suggest that the NRGR algorithm is less complex and faster than previous adaptations versions tested of the GR algorithm to process images. The NRGR was able to process the tested images with less than 30% of the time used by the recursive algorithm, reaching values below 10% in some cases. The NRGR algorithm can be used as software or hardware-software system"s co-design solutions to develop maps of road networks for Cartography

Inpainting Technique application to Rebuild Partially Detected Dark Slope Streaks/ Aplicação de técnica de inpanting para reconstrução de dark slope streks parcialemtne detectados

This paper approaches the implementation of an algorithm that automatically detects features of interest on the Martian surface known as Dark Slope Streaks (DSS), and the application of an inpainting technique to improve the results obtained by the detection. The greatest difficulty for the development of this algorithm is the false positives caused by shadows, depressions or fading of DSS, after a period. To overcome these problems, techniques such as image segmentation and custom filtering routines were used. Sometimes, the extraction algorithm obtains partially detected features, culminating in a loss of quality. However, in order to remove occlusions and restore lost features, the resulting image goes through an inpainting process proposed by Galerne et al (2017). To understand if the inpainting technique improves the quality of the extraction process, we created a reference image and compared with both the image obtained from the extraction algorithm and the resulting image of the inpainting algorithm. This process was repeated for four interest areas. Comparing the mean of pre-reconstruction SSIM and the mean of post-reconstruction SSIM, the inpainting algorithm shows an improvement of 6.13% in quality. Therefore, both algorithms may contribute greatly to the increasing quality of extraction of DSS in the area of cartography

ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INPAINTING TECHNIQUES FOR ENHANCING FEATURE EXTRACTION QUALITY IN REMOTE SENSING IMAGERY

Remote Sensing (RS) images have been used in several applications of interest for society. Despite the precision and robustness derived from RS images, several aerial scenes exhibit imperfections and fall short of attaining ideal quality standards, as some of them present distortions such as noise, blur, and stripes. An alternative approach to deal with such distortions is by applying Inpainting techniques, however, under certain circumstances, this type of approach requires to be evaluated by quantitative metrics to assess the final quality of the reconstruction. Therefore, this paper focus on the issue of quantitatively evaluating inpainting results in the context of RS by analysing and comparing new evaluation metrics in contrast to the classical ones from the general literature of RS. More precisely, two inpainting techniques are applied for object removal and reconstruction of partially detected curvilinear cartographic features in RS images. Next, the obtained results are evaluated by taking six evaluation metrics to assess the agreement level between the metrics, as well as between qualitative evaluations conducted by human agents. Based on the evaluation of these metrics when applied to RS images, it can be concluded that the DISTS and VSI metrics are the most promising candidates for adaptation and application within the specific context of RS

AVALIAÇÃO DIETÉTICA E QUALIDADE DE VIDA EM PACIENTES ONCOLÓGICOS AMBULATORIAIS EM QUIMIOTERAPIA / DIETARY EVALUATION AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN AMBULATORY ONCOLOGICAL PATIENTS IN CHEMOTHERAPY

Introdução: O câncer ocasiona diversas mudanças psíquicas e sociais, que de maneira rápida induzem a alterações metabólicas,gerando grande impacto na qualidade de vida dos indivíduos portadores dessa enfermidade. Objetivo: Relacionar a avaliaçãodietética e qualidade de vida em pacientes oncológicos ambulatoriais em tratamento quimioterápico. Métodos: Estudotransversal e analítico, realizado em um Centro de Referência de Tratamento e Diagnóstico de Câncer. A amostra foi de 75 pacientesoncológicos (ambos os sexos), em tratamento quimioterápico. Foram aplicados três questionários distintos: sociodemográfico;questionário de frequência de consumo alimentar Quantitativo e o questionário European for Research and Tratament® of Cancer Quality of life - EORTC QLQ C30 (versão 3.0). Para a análise de dados utilizou-se o programa estatístico Stata (versão12) e adotou-se o nível de significância alfa < 0,05. Resultados: A maioria era casado (52%) e do sexo feminino (66,7%), commédia de idade de 42 anos e renda de 1 a 2 salários mínimos (69,3%). Em relação ao etilismo, 98,7% negaram tal prática. Nãohouveram correlações estatisticamente significativas entre o consumo alimentar e qualidade de vida, contudo a ingestão decarboidratos associou-se positivamente a Escala de Saúde Global (p=0,011), Escala de Sintomas (p=0,025) e Escala Funcional(p=0,016). Já a Escala Funcional apresentou associação estatisticamente significante com o consumo de vitamina C (p=0,016).Conclusão: O consumo de carboidratos, gorduras e vitamina C apresentou relação positiva com indicadores da escala de qualidadede vida em pacientes oncológicos e reforça a importância da adequada e completa assistência nutricional para pacientesoncológicos submetidos ao tratamento quimioterápico.Palavras-chave: Qualidade de Vida. Dieta. Oncologia.AbstractIntroduction: Cancer causes several psychic and social changes, which quickly induce metabolic changes, generating a greatimpact on the quality of life of patients with this disease. Objective: of this study was to relate dietary assessment and quality of lifein outpatient cancer patients in chemotherapy treatment. Methods: Cross-sectional and analytical study, from March to April2014, at the Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis Reference Center. The sample consisted of 75 cancer patients, both sexes, undergoingchemotherapy treatment, regardless of tumor location, cycle and type of drugs used or stage of the disease, associated ornot with chronic pathologies. Three distinct questionnaires were applied: sociodemographic; Quantitative food consumptionfrequency questionnaire and the European Quality of Life Research and Treatment for Cancer questionnaire - EORTC QLQ C30(version 3.0). For data analysis, the statistical program Stata® (version 12) was used and the significance level alpha <0.05 wasadopted. Results: The participants were mostly married (52%) and female (66.7%), with a mean age of 42 years and income of 1to 2 minimum wages (69.3%). Regarding alcoholism, 98.7%, denied such practice. Carbohydrate intake was related to theGlobal Health Scale (p = 0.011), Symptom Scale (p = 0.025) and Functional Scale (p = 0.016). The Functional Scale showed astatistically significant relationship with vitamin C intake (p = 0.016). Conclusion: The consumption of carbohydrates, fats andvitamin C showed a positive relationship with indicators of the quality of life scale in cancer patients and reinforces the importanceof adequate and complete nutritional assistance for cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.Keywords: Quality of Life. Diet. Oncology