Saamenkielinen kirjahistoria Suomessa

Suomessa kirjahistoria on pyrkinyt tarkastelemaan vanhaa suomenkielistä kirjallisuutta. Sen sijaan Suomen saamelainen kirjahistoria on jäänyt varjoon. Syynä voi olla sen hidas kehitys, joka alkoi paljon myöhemmin ja katkonaisemmin. Ensimmäisille saamennetuille kirjoille myönnettiin painolupa vasta kaksi sataa vuotta ensimmäisten saamenkielisten teosten julkaisemisen jälkeen

Altimetry for the future: Building on 25 years of progress

In 2018 we celebrated 25 years of development of radar altimetry, and the progress achieved by this methodology in the fields of global and coastal oceanography, hydrology, geodesy and cryospheric sciences. Many symbolic major events have celebrated these developments, e.g., in Venice, Italy, the 15th (2006) and 20th (2012) years of progress and more recently, in 2018, in Ponta Delgada, Portugal, 25 Years of Progress in Radar Altimetry. On this latter occasion it was decided to collect contributions of scientists, engineers and managers involved in the worldwide altimetry community to depict the state of altimetry and propose recommendations for the altimetry of the future. This paper summarizes contributions and recommendations that were collected and provides guidance for future mission design, research activities, and sustainable operational radar altimetry data exploitation. Recommendations provided are fundamental for optimizing further scientific and operational advances of oceanographic observations by altimetry, including requirements for spatial and temporal resolution of altimetric measurements, their accuracy and continuity. There are also new challenges and new openings mentioned in the paper that are particularly crucial for observations at higher latitudes, for coastal oceanography, for cryospheric studies and for hydrology. The paper starts with a general introduction followed by a section on Earth System Science including Ocean Dynamics, Sea Level, the Coastal Ocean, Hydrology, the Cryosphere and Polar Oceans and the ‘‘Green” Ocean, extending the frontier from biogeochemistry to marine ecology. Applications are described in a subsequent section, which covers Operational Oceanography, Weather, Hurricane Wave and Wind Forecasting, Climate projection. Instruments’ development and satellite missions’ evolutions are described in a fourth section. A fifth section covers the key observations that altimeters provide and their potential complements, from other Earth observation measurements to in situ data. Section 6 identifies the data and methods and provides some accuracy and resolution requirements for the wet tropospheric correction, the orbit and other geodetic requirements, the Mean Sea Surface, Geoid and Mean Dynamic Topography, Calibration and Validation, data accuracy, data access and handling (including the DUACS system). Section 7 brings a transversal view on scales, integration, artificial intelligence, and capacity building (education and training). Section 8 reviews the programmatic issues followed by a conclusion

Fellmanin suvun kirjakokoelma

Filosofian maisteri Sophie Capdeville esittelee Fellmanin suvun kirjakokoelman, josta Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura julkaisi luettelon maaliskuussa 2001.peerReviewe

Ses racines et son développement de 1820 à 1920

The aim of the study is to examine the Saami book history in the context of Finland in order to understand its evolution from 1820 to 1920. The study focuses on books and other printed materials in Saami language(s) (or idioms) and it looks into archival documents to throw light on their intellectual history. The Saami book history has unfolded slowly, and occasionally, it has appeared to fall into decline. The present study follows the French school of book history that uses multidisciplinary methods to examine books as a reflection of ideology in the context of a given culture at a given time. Such an approach allows us to see how a minority can express itself, what possibilities there are and at what stage it finally gets to express itself with its own voice. To gain a better understanding of this process, one also needs to study the multilingualism characteristic for the period of investigation: which were the languages that were used in this “minor literature” and what kind of functions the languages served. For example, while during the 19th century the number of books printed in Finnish language considerably increased, only few books were published in Saami. The present study examines the types of printed books and texts in Saami and aims at giving some explanations for the scarcity of publications by relating the findings to the cultural history of the time. Further, it is considered important in the present study that the personalities involved – translators, authors and others – are taken into account. A highly significant perspective – often neglected – is to consider the involvement of Saami speakers themselves: while the first Saami- language books were published at the beginning of the period of this investigation, in early 1800s, the first Saami-language novel written by a Saami-speaker in Finland was published only at the beginning of the 20th century

Fellmanin suvun Lapponica-kokoelma sen provenancen valossa

Fellmanin suvun Lapponica-kokoelma on mitä arvokkain todistus tieteiden kehityksestä Suomessa 1800- ja 1900-luvun vaihteessa. Tarkastelen artikkelissani kokoelman omistushistoriaa soveltaen provenance-lähestymistapaa. Esittelen kokoelman historiaa, sen luettelointityötä ja tuon eri esimerkein esille, miten nimenomaisesti provenance-tarkastelu tuottaa uutta tietoa ja miten se soveltuu Lapponica-kokoelman tutkimiseen.nonPeerReviewe

Émergence de la culture écrite saamie en Finlande à l’époque de la formation de la nation

The history of Saami written culture reflects not only the social situation of Finland but also that of the Saami at the time of the Grand Duchy (1809-1917). Finland was forced to adhere to the Lutheran faith until the beginning of the 19th century when it was a Swedish province. This led to the translation of religious texts into Swedish and Finnish. The situation of the Saami languages was different. The first translations were published in 1619 in Umeå Saami, which the Saami of the eastern part of the realm did not understand. After Finland’s transfer from Sweden to Russia in 1809, the leadership focused its effort on upholding its new autonomous status by reinforcing Finnish identity. In this context, the Finnish written language was standardized, thus enabling the growth of Finnish publications. At the same time, the first Saami translations were published, but only sporadically and in an insufficient number of copies, for which reason they were not able to meet the need for the catechism. Some clergymen tried to develop the use of Saami, both by translating books and by encouraging adults to use their ancestors’ language with their children, but this did not provide systematic and long-term support. This essay analyzes how the Saami book history reflects the Finnish colonialism of its time.nonPeerReviewe

Suomen ortodoksisen kirkon jäsenistön alkuperäiskansa : kolttasaamelaiset

Suomessa on noin 9 000 saamelaista, joiden kotiseutualue kattaa Enontekiön, Inarin ja Utsjoen kunnat sekä Sodankylän pohjoisosan. Yli puolet saamelaisista asuu kotiseutualueensa ulkopuolella. Noin kolmasosa saamelaisista puhuu jotakin saamen kieltä.1 Kolttasaamelaiset ovat yksi kolmesta Suomen saamelaisryhmästä, joiden asema alkuperäiskansana tunnustetaan Suomen perustuslaissa. Tuoreen arvion mukaan kolttasaamelaisia on noin 600.2 Kolttien historia, kulttuuri ja uskonto poikkeavat muista Suomen saamelaisista. Saamelaisina ja ortodokseina he ovat myös vähemmistö vähemmistön sisällä. Tarkastelen tässä katsauksessa kolttasaamelaisten asemaa suomalaisena alkuperäiskansana ja vähemmistöryhmänä Suomen ortodoksisessa kirkossa. Lisäksi käsittelen saamelaisten identiteetille tärkeää kielikysymystä.nonPeerReviewe

Melatonin counteracts the loss of agonist-evoked contraction of aortic rings induced by incubation

International audienc

Incubation of rat aortic rings produces a specific reduction in agonist-evoked contraction: effect of age of donor

International audienc

Rôle des SPST (Services de Prévention et de Santé au Travail) pour la traçabilité des expositions, le SPE (Suivi Post-Exposition) et le SPP (Suivi Post-Professionnel) : cadre juridique, questions à traiter, outils disponibles et recommandations de la Société française de médecine du travail

National audienceThe purpose of these recommendations is to clarify the legal framework, delineate the role of occupational health services and make recommendations on the implementation of the visits prior to post-exposure or post professional survey.L’objectif de ces recommandations est de préciser le cadre juridique, délimiter le rôle des Services de prévention et de santé au travail et effectuer des recommandations sur la mise en œuvre des visites en vue d’un suivi post-exposition ou post-professionnel