Redes sociales y reflexividad: su importancia en la construcción de la sociedad civil en México

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar algunos de los principales rasgos que presenta la reflexividad de las redes sociales en México, y su importancia en la autoconstrucción de la sociedad civil. Se ofrece una revisión de las principales orientaciones teóricas sobre redes sociales en el país, así como un esquema en el que se plantean tres tipos de reflexividad: autoconsciente, autorreferente y constitutiva, como vías específicas para la diferenciación del caso de estudio

Estrategias de marketing para incentivar la cultura financiera de los comerciantes minoristas en Milagro

La ciudad de Milagro se determina como un cantón con abundante comercio informal con problemas de controles en su gestión y desconocimiento de temas financieros que afecta directamente a los presupuestos e inversiones de sus propietarios, siendo el motivo principal para que estos negocios tengan un ciclo de vida limitada. La investigación obtuvo datos válidos para los problemas suscitados en el entorno de cultura financiera, la correcta redistribución de la riqueza entre ahorro, gasto e inversión forman parte de la educación financiera que deben poseer los propietarios de cualquier tipo de empresa para mejorar la administración de sus finanzas personales y obtener su crecimiento económico; para minimizar este problema se propone estrategias de marketing para fomentar una cultura financiera en los comerciantes minoristas de la ciudad de Milagro, mediante un análisis de mercado dirigida a esa población, con la finalidad de potencializar los ingresos provenientes de su actividad empresarial. El presente trabajo de investigación ha sido cuali-cuantitativo donde se estudiaron variables de conducta de los comerciantes minoristas, el instrumento utilizado para su estudio fue la encuesta con lo que se pudo realizar el levantamiento de información de manera estadística, obteniendo como resultado que los productos financieros no llegan a ser promocionados a los comerciantes minoristas, lo que conlleva a que tomen decisiones financieras erradas ocasionando pérdidas en sus actividades comerciales y el cierre de los negocios.The Milagro city is determined as a canton with many problems in of informal trade, too problems in the controls of management and lack of financial managment that directly affect budgets and investments of their owners, the main reason for these businesses have a life cycle limited. The investigation obtained valid for the problems raised in the environment of financial literacy data, proper redistribution of wealth among savings, spending and investment are part of financial education that must have the owners of any company to improve the management of their personal finances and get its economic growth; to minimize this problem marketing strategies is proposed to promote a financial culture in retailers in the Milagro city, through a market analysis aimed at that population, in order to potentiate the income from their business. This research has been qualitative and quantitative where variables of conduct for retailers were studied, the instrument used for the study was the survey which could make gathering information statistically, resulting in the products financial fail to be promoted to retailers, leading to take wrong decisions causing financial losses in their business and closing of business

Percepção de um grupo de homens acerca da Diabetes Mellitus: contribuições para a enfermagem

Artículo que muestra el papel del hombre en relación con el binomio salud-enfermedad ha sido poco estudiado; en este sentido, la percepción puede ser un referente para su cuidado científico de enfermería.The aim was to understand how men in the State of Mexico perceive diabetes. An ethnographic study based on in-depth interviews with 15 men with diabetes who participate in an exercise program, in a municipality in Mexico. For a period of eleven months, the main researcher remained in contact with this community of men who belong to a support group. Content analysis was performed to group data into categories. The men expressed that in their daily lives the disease gave rise to different feelings, such as fear, anxiety, anger and sadness. These perceptions help nurses to understand the social and cultural world, comprised of beliefs, actions and interactions. The field of nursing is in need of new paradigms to provide an epistemic foundation for the care of these men living with diabetes.Sin patrcinado

Auditoria de calidad al servicio de la biblioteca de una IES

La presente investigación documenta la realización de una auditoría de calidad realizada a la biblioteca de una Institución de Educación Superior. Siendo que es importante conocer el nivel de satisfacción, expectativas de los usuarios a fin de incrementar la calidad en el servicio. El objetivo del estudio es realizar una auditoría de calidad en el servicio a Biblioteca Santiago Velasco Ruiz, de la Facultad de Contaduría y Administración de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México. Se empleó como instrumento de medición el LibQual creada por la Asociación de Investigación de los Estado Unidos, para definir el tamaño de la muestra se tomó en cuenta la sugerencia de Bartlett, Kotrlik y Higgins (2001), quienes proponen que para calcular el tamaño de la muestra requerido en una investigación donde se utiliza una encuesta con escala Likert debe hacerse uso de la fórmula de datos continuos de Cochran

Partially methylated alleles, microdeletion, and tissue mosaicism in a fragile X male with tremor and ataxia at 30 years of age: A case report

CGG repeat expansion >200 within FMR1, termed full mutation (FM), has been associated with promoter methylation, consequent silencing of gene expression and fragile X syndrome (FXS)-a common cause of intellectual disability and co-morbid autism. Unmethylated premutation (55-199 repeats) and FM alleles have been associated with fragile X related tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS), a late onset neurodegenerative disorder. Here we present a 33-year-old male with FXS, with white matter changes and progressive deterioration in gait with cerebellar signs consistent with probable FXTAS; there was no evidence of any other cerebellar pathology. We show that he has tissue mosaicism in blood, saliva, and buccal samples for the size and methylation of his expanded alleles and a de novo, unmethylated microdeletion. This microdeletion involves a ∼80 bp sequence in the FMR1 promoter as well as complete loss of the CGG repeat in a proportion of cells. Despite FMR1 mRNA levels in blood within the normal range, the methylation and CGG sizing results are consistent with the diagnosis of concurrent FXS and probable FXTAS. The demonstrated presence of unmethylated FM alleles would explain the manifestation of milder than expected cognitive and behavioral impairments and early onset of cerebellar ataxia. Our case suggests that individuals with FXS, who manifest symptoms of FXTAS, may benefit from more detailed laboratory testing. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc

Anti-double stranded DNA antibodies: Electrochemical isotyping in autoimmune and neurological diseases

This work reports the first amperometric biosensor for the simultaneous determination of the single or total content of the most relevant human immunoglobulin isotypes (hIgs) of anti-dsDNA antibodies, dsDNA-hIgG, dsDNA-hIgM, dsDNA-hIgA and dsDNA-three hIgs, which are considered relevant biomarkers in prevalent autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) as well as of interest in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). The bioplatform involves the use of neutravidin-functionalized magnetic microparticles (NA-MBs) modified with a laboratory-prepared biotinylated human double-stranded DNA (b-dsDNA) for the efficient capture of specific autoantibodies that are enzymatically labeled with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) enzyme using specific secondary antibodies for each isotype or a mixture of secondary antibodies for the total content of the three isotypes. Transduction was performed by amperometry (-0.20 V vs. the Ag pseudo-reference electrode) using the H2O2/hydroquinone (HQ) system after trapping the resulting magnetic bioconjugates on each of the four working electrodes of a disposable quadruple transduction platform (SP4CEs). The bioplatform demonstrated attractive operational characteristics for clinical application and was employed to determine the individual or total hIgs classes in serum from healthy individuals and from patients diagnosed with SLE and AD. The target concentrations in AD patients are provided for the first time in this work. In addition, the results for SLE patients and control individuals agree with those obtained by applying ELISA tests as well as with the clinical ranges reported by other authors, using individual detection methodologies restricted to centralized settings or clinical laboratories.The financial support of PID2019-103899RB-I00 and PID2021-122457OB-I00 (Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación) Research Projects, PI17CIII/00045 and PI20CIII/00019 Grants from the AESISCIII Program co-founded by FEDER funds and the TRANSNANOAVANSENS-CM Program from the Comunidad de Madrid (Grant S2018/NMT-4349) are gratefully acknowledged. B.A. acknowledges predoctoral contracts from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (PRE2019-087596). M.G-A. acknowledges the postdoctoral contract Margarita Salas for the requalification of the Spanish University System. A.M-C. was supported by a FPU predoctoral contract supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte.S

Negative Autopsy in Infant and Juvenile Population: Role of Cardiac Arrhythmias

Negative autopsy is a post-mortem examination in which a comprehensive analysis does not provide a cause of death. These include situation of death, anatomical and histological analysis, toxicology and microbiological study. A low part of autopsies remain without a conclusive cause of death, but all these cases are usually seen in young population, apparently healthy who died suddenly and unexpectedly. In these situations a cardiac arrhythmia is suspected as cause of death and genetic testing is recommended despite not regularly performed. Sudden death is a natural and unexpected decease that occurs in apparently healthy people, or whose disease was not severe enough to expect a fatal outcome. It can be due to several pathologies, usually of cardiac cause and called sudden cardiac death. In infants and young people, both long QT syndrome and catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia are main causes in negative autopsies. These genetic diseases lead to ventricular fibrillation, syncope and sudden cardiac death in a normal heart. Unfortunately, sudden cardiac death could be the first manifestation of the diseases, being early identification and prevention a crucial point in current medical practice. This chapter focuses on sudden death and negative autopsy in young population, mainly due to cardiac arrhythmias

Abrupt permafrost thaw triggers activity of copiotrophs and microbiome predators

Permafrost soils store a substantial part of the global soil carbon and nitrogen. However, global warming causes abrupt erosion and gradual thaw, which make these stocks vulnerable to microbial decomposition into greenhouse gases. Here, we investigated the microbial response to abrupt in situ permafrost thaw. We sequenced the total RNA of a 1 m deep soil core consisting of up to 26 500-year-old permafrost material from an active abrupt erosion site. We analysed the microbial community in the active layer soil, the recently thawed, and the intact permafrost, and found maximum RNA:DNA ratios in recently thawed permafrost indicating a high microbial activity. In thawed permafrost, potentially copiotrophic Burkholderiales and Sphingobacteriales, but also microbiome predators dominated the community. Overall, both thaw-dependent and long-term soil properties significantly correlated with changes in community composition, as did microbiome predator abundance. Bacterial predators were dominated in shallower depths by Myxococcota, while protozoa, especially Cercozoa and Ciliophora, almost tripled in relative abundance in thawed layers. Our findings highlight the ecological importance of a diverse interkingdom and active microbial community highly abundant in abruptly thawing permafrost, as well as predation as potential biological control mechanism

Comprehensive Cardiovascular and Renal Protection in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Cardiovascular; Diabetes; Glycated hemoglobinCardiovascular; Diabetes; Hemoglobina glicosiladaCardiovascular; Diabetis; Hemoglobina glicadaType 2 diabetes (T2DM) is one of the main public health care problems worldwide. It is associated with a marked increased risk of developing atherosclerotic vascular disease, heart failure, chronic kidney disease and death. It is essential to act during the early phases of the disease, through the intensification of lifestyle changes and the prescription of those drugs that have been shown to reduce these complications, with the aim not only of achieving an adequate metabolic control, but also a comprehensive vascular risk control. In this consensus document, developed by the different specialists that treat these patients (endocrinologists, primary care physicians, internists, nephrologists and cardiologists), a more appropriate approach in the management of patients with T2DM or its complications is provided. A particular focus is given to the global control of cardiovascular risk factors, the inclusion of weight within the therapeutic objectives, the education of patients, the deprescription of those drugs without cardiovascular benefit, and the inclusion of GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors as cardiovascular protective drugs, at the same level as statins, acetylsalicylic acid, or renin angiotensin system inhibitors

Angiogenesis inhibitor or aggressiveness marker? The function of endostatin in cancer through electrochemical biosensing

This work reports the first electrochemical bioplatform developed for the determination of human endostatin (HE), a biomarker with recognized antiangiogenic potential whose elevated circulating levels have also been associated with the development of aggressive cancers. The developed electroanalytical biotool combines the benefits of using magnetic microparticles for the implementation of sandwich immunoassays and amperometric transduction on disposable carbon electrodes. A limit of detection (LOD) of 34.1 pg mL-1 for HE standards and a selectivity suitable for its foray into the clinical oncology area, are demonstrated. The determination of HE in clinical samples such as lysates and secretomes of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, plasma, and tissue samples from patients with CRC in different stages, has been faced with satisfactory results showing the ability for discriminating the metastatic capabilities of cells and for identifying and staging CRC patients. The developed bioplatform allows precise quantitative determinations, requiring minimal pre-treatments and sample amounts in only 75 min. In addition, due to the instrumentation and the type of substrates used in the detection step, the biotool is compatible with implementation in multiplexed and/or point-of-need devices, features in which this bioplatform is advantageous with respect to the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or immunoblotting technologies.The financial support of PID2019-103899RB-I00 (Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación) Research Project and PI20CIII/00019 Grant from the AES-ISCIII Program co-founded by FEDER funds and the TRANSNANOAVANSENS-CM Program from the Comunidad de Madrid (Grant S2018/NMT-4349) are gratefully acknowledged. M.G-A. acknowledges the postdoctoral contract Margarita Salas for the requalification of the Spanish University System. A.M-C. was supported by a FPU predoctoral contract supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte. S.T.M. acknowledges a predoctoral contract from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (PRE2020-092859).S