Patrimonio etnológico e identidades en España: Un estudio comparativo a través de la legislación

[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] artículo es una aproximación a cómo la legislación española construye el patrimonio cultural o histórico y el patrimonio etnológico a través de una ampliación de contenidos y una vinculación a un determinado colectivo de referencia. Para ello, se analizan los discursos de las leyes autonómicas de Patrimonio teniendo también en cuenta la ley de Patrimonio Histórico, de 1985. El análisis realizado permite observar, para el caso español, el carácter diverso y difuso del concepto de patrimonio etnológico y la relevancia de las leyes autonómicas de patrimonio cultural para la sustentación de los regionalismos y nacionalismos en el Estado español, con todas las indefiniciones y solapamientos en las representaciones de identidades colectivas que lo han caracterizado. A un nivel general, se ejemplariza cómo la ampliación histórica del campo semántico del concepto de patrimonio cultural ha conllevado cierto solapamiento e in-diferenciación entre los contenidos del mismo y el concepto de culturaThis article sets out to analyse how Spanish law constructs cultural heritage and ethnological heritage by extending the concept of heritage and by creating a tie to a given reference collective. For our purposes, we will analyse the discourses of the Heritage laws of the different autonomous regions, as well as taking into account Spain’s Historical Heritage Law of 1985. The analysis carried out will allow us to observe, in the case of Spain, the diverse nature and the diffuseness of the concept of ethnological heritage, and the relevance of the Heritage laws of the autonomous regions to the sustaining of regionalism and nationalism within the Spanish State, with their attendant and characteristic overlaps and lack of definition. In general, we will provide examples of how the historical extension of the semantic field of the concept of cultural heritage has led to a certain overlap of, and even a lack of differentiation between, the content of cultural heritage and the concept of culture

Institutional Challenges of university teacher training

El Grupo Interuniversitario de Formación Docente (GIFD) está formado por las unidades y centros de formación (ICE-UB, IDES-UAB, ICE-UPC, CQUID-UPF, ICE-UdG, ICE-UdL, ICE-URV y eLC-UOC) de las ocho universidades públicas catalanas. Estas unidades actualmente se encuentran en un proceso de reformulación de las actividades y planes de formación que están ofreciendo al profesorado universitario para facilitar el desarrollo de su actividad docente. El replanteamiento de sus actuaciones nace de un interés común vinculado a la calidad de la formación docente del profesorado universitario, coherente con los planteamientos promulgados por el Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES). Este interés y preocupación conduce al desarrollo de un estudio de identificación de las competencias docentes que debe poseer el profesorado universitario para abordar con éxito el desarrollo de las nuevas titulaciones de grado acordes con el EEES. Además este trabajo recoge un cuestionamiento y reflexión en relación a las principales características que deberían tener las actividades y programas de formación dirigidas al profesorado para facilitar su tarea docente; apelando a la labor que, tanto las unidades o centros de formación, las instituciones universitarias a las que pertenecen y los organismos vinculados a la acción docente, deberían replantearse para dar respuesta a las nuevas exigencias docentes requeridas al profesorado. El objetivo del trabajo es provocar la reflexión y generar el debate sobre el camino que debe seguir la formación docente del profesorado universitario, como elemento estratégico de la institución, para contribuir a alcanzar los objetivos de calidad a los que las universidades se han comprometido en el proceso de verificación de los nuevos títulos.The units or training centers (ICE IDES CQUID, ELC) of the eight public universities in Catalonia, constituted as Interuniversity Group on Teacher Education (GIFD), are currently undergoing a reformulation process concerning the training activities and plans being offered to university teachers, in order to facilitate the development of their teaching activity. The rethinking of their actions is born from a common interest linking the quality of university teachers’ training with coherent approaches in the European Higher Education Area (EHEA). This interest and concern has led the group to conduct a research study with the objective of establishing a set of standard teaching skills for the faculty staff to master, with the purpose of successfully undertaking the development of the new degree courses in line with the directives of the European Higher Education Area. This paper contains a thorough examination and analysis regarding the main features that activities and training programs aimed at teachers should include, in order to facilitate the performance of the teaching activity itself, by focusing at the work of training units or training centers, at the academic institutions where they belong, and at the related agencies, and by requesting them to update their educational tasks in order to meet the new requirements that the role of teachers demand. The aim of this work is to stimulate thought and to generate a debate on the direction that university teachers’ training must follow, not only as a strategic element of the institution, but also contributing to achieve the quality objectives to which universities have committed themselves in the process of validating the new degree

Exploring relations among mindfulness facets and various meditation practices: Do they work in different ways?

Several meditation practices are associated with mindfulness-based interventions but little is known about their specific effects on the development of different mindfulness facets. This study aimed to assess the relations among different practice variables, types of meditation, and mindfulness facets. The final sample was composed of 185 participants who completed an on-line survey, including information on the frequency and duration of each meditation practice, lifetime practice, and the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire. A Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes structural model was specified, estimated, and tested. Results showed that the Model's overall fit was adequate: v2 (1045) = 1542.800 (p < 0.001), CFI = 0.902, RMSEA = 0.042. Results revealed that mindfulness facets were uniquely related to the different variables and types of meditation. Our findings showed the importance of specific practices in promoting mindfulness, compared to compassion and informal practices, and they pointed out which one fits each mindfulness facet better

Neuron-derived extracellular vesicles contain synaptic proteins, promote spine formation, activate TrkB-mediated signalling and preserve neuronal complexity

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an important role in intercellular communication as carriers of signalling molecules such as bioactive miRNAs, proteins and lipids. EVs are key players in the functioning of the central nervous system (CNS) by influencing synaptic events and modulating recipient neurons. However, the specific role of neuron-to-neuron communication via EVs is still not well understood. Here, we provide evidence that primary neurons uptake neuron-derived EVs in the soma, dendrites, and even in the dendritic spines, and carry synaptic proteins. Neuron-derived EVs increased spine density and promoted the phosphorylation of Akt and ribosomal protein S6 (RPS6), via TrkB-signalling, without impairing the neuronal network activity. Strikingly, EVs exerted a trophic effect on challenged nutrient-deprived neurons. Altogether, our results place EVs in the spotlight for synaptic plasticity modulation as well as a possible therapeutic tool to fight neurodegeneration

Temporal trends and clonal diversity of penicillin non-susceptible pneumococci from meningitis cases from 1996 to 2012, in Salvador, Brazil

Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2016-04-14T19:34:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Santos MS Temporal trends....pdf: 774496 bytes, checksum: 2fdb06791f67252aa819b6399160844c (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2016-04-15T13:08:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Santos MS Temporal trends....pdf: 774496 bytes, checksum: 2fdb06791f67252aa819b6399160844c (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-15T13:08:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Santos MS Temporal trends....pdf: 774496 bytes, checksum: 2fdb06791f67252aa819b6399160844c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Yale University. School of Public Health. Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases. New Haven, Connecticut, USA / Universidade Federal da Bahia. Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde. Vitória da Conquista, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia. Jequié, BA, BrasilUniversidade Federal da Bahia. Faculdade de Farmácia. Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilUniversidade Federal da Bahia. Instituto de Ciências da Saúde. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilCenters for Disease Control and Prevention. Streptococcus Laboratory. Atlanta, GA, USAFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Yale School of Public Health. Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases. New Haven, USAFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Universidade Federal da Bahia. Faculdade de Farmácia. Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas. Salvador, BA, BrasilBACKGROUND: Hospital-based surveillance for pneumococcal meningitis has been conducted since January 1996 in the city of Salvador, Brazil. The purpose of this study was to describe the temporal evolution of Penicillin Non-Susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae (PNSSP) in regards to serotype distributions and clonal diversity recovered from meningitis cases over 17 years. METHODS: Broth microdilution was used to identify pneumococcal isolates that were PNSSP (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration > 0.12 µg/ml). The annual incidence rate of meningitis cases was calculated. Serotyping was defined using multiplex polymerase chain reaction assays and quellung reaction. Genetic diversity of PNSSP isolates was assessed using both pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) analyses. RESULTS: A total of 854 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture pneumococcal isolates were tested by broth microdilution method and serotyped. A total of 173 (20.3%) were penicillin non-susceptible (PNSSP) (Minimum Inhibitory concentration ≥ 0.12 µg/ml). The annual incidence of meningitis cases declined from 1.65/100,000 population (1996) to 0.2/100,000 population in 2012 and the rate due to PNSSP declined 82% over the 17-years of surveillance. PNSSP isolates were restricted to 13 serotypes, being the most common ones serotypes 14 (45.1%; 78/173), 23 F (19.1%; 33/173), 6B (14.4%; 25/173), 19 F (9.2%; 16/173) and 19A (5.2%; 9/173). Among the PNSSP isolates, 94% had serotypes represented in the 10-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV10). The predominant serotype 14 clonal groups were identified as PFGE group A/multilocus sequence type 66 (ST66) [35.3% (61/173)] and PFGE group GK/ST156 [4.6% (8/173)], the latter one associated with high level resistance to penicillin and ceftriaxone. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show sustained reductions in pneumococcal meningitis cases in the Metropolitan region of Salvador from 1996 to 2012. This might reflect a beneficial impact of conjugate vaccines. Continued surveillance and further studies need to be conducted to better understanding on PCV10 vaccine impact

RTP801/REDD1 contributes to neuroinflammation severity and memory impairments in Alzheimer's disease

We found an unanticipated recovery of several gliosis hallmarks and inflammasome key proteins upon neuronal RTP801 downregulation in the 5xFAD mice. Altogether our results suggest that RTP801 could be a potential future target for theranostic studies since it could be a biomarker of neuroinflammation and neurotoxicity severity of the disease and, at the same time, a promising therapeutic target in the treatment of AD