A atenção nutricional ao pré-natal e puerpério: relato de experiência em um município do litoral Paulista

The purpose of this study is to present a report of the experiences of the adoption of the Approach to Nutritional Care during Prenatal and Postpartum Periods, resulting from a partnership between the university and the municipal primary health care system of Santos, SP, Brazil. This approach was developed through joint work plans based on the need to incorporate nutritional care into the prenatal and postpartum care. All stages of design and implementation and the results of this strategy were documented in a field diary. This approach was adopted in two basic health units between 2010 and 2014. The stages of this process were planned in conjunction with health care teams and consisted of putting together interdisciplinary groups for nutrition education during the prenatal period. Interdisciplinary educational group meetings were held focusing on listening to the needs of pregnant women, the provision of prenatal nutritional care, and on the project to monitor the nutritional status of newborns through home visits up to the 15 days of postpartum. The interdisciplinary activities strengthened the bond between the users and the health care team members, contributing to the provision of effective care and promoting integrality. Home visiting contributed to encourage exclusive breastfeeding.Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Inst Saude & Sociedade, Curso Nutr, Santos, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Inst Saude & Sociedade, Dept Polit Publ & Saude Colet, Campus Baixada Santista R Silva Jardim 136, BR-11015020 Santos, SP, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Instituto Saúde e Sociedade, Curso de Nutrição. Santos, SP, BrasilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Instituto Saúde e Sociedade, Departamento de Políticas Públicas e Saúde Coletiva. Campus Baixada Santista R. Silva Jardim, 136, Vila Matias, 11015020, Santos, SP, BrasilWeb of Scienc

Development of canopy vigour maps using UAV for site-specific management during vineyard spraying process

Site-specific management of crops represents an important improvement in terms of efficiency and efficacy of the different labours, and its implementation has experienced a large development in the last decades, especially for field crops. The particular case of the spray application process for what are called “specialty crops” (vineyard, orchard fruits, citrus, olive trees, etc.)FI-DGR grant from Generalitat de Catalunya (2018 FI_B1 00083). Research and improvement of Dosaviña have been developed under LIFE PERFECT project: Pesticide Reduction using Friendly and Environmentally Controlled Technologies (LIFE17 ENV/ES/000205)This research was partially funded by the “Ajuts a les activitats de demostració (operació 01.02.01 de Transferència Tecnològica del Programa de desenvolupament rural de Catalunya 2014-2020)” and an FI-DGR grant from Generalitat de Catalunya (2018 FI_B1 00083). Research and improvement of Dosaviña have been developed under the LIFE PERFECT project: Pesticide Reduction using Friendly and Environmentally Controlled Technologies (LIFE17 ENV/ES/000205).This research was partially funded by the “Ajuts a les activitats de demostració (operació 01.02.01 de Transferència Tecnològica del Programa de desenvolupament rural de Catalunya 2014-2020)” and an FI-DGR grant from Generalitat de Catalunya (2018 FI_B1 00083). Research and improvement of Dosaviña have been developed under LIFE PERFECT project: Pesticide Reduction using Friendly and Environmentally Controlled Technologies (LIFE17 ENV/ES/000205)Postprint (updated version

Curso de preparação ao parto – opinião de mães quanto a contribuição no desempenho do parto

Foi estudada uma amostra de 45 mães que tiveram parto normal e realizaram "Curso de preparação ao parto" no serviço de Enfermagem de Saúde Pública do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. O estudo tem como objetivo conhecer a opinião de mães quanto à contribuição do Curso no desempenho do parto

O potencial de um instrumento para o reconhecimento de vulnerabilidades sociais e necessidades de saúde: saberes e práticas em saúde coletiva

OBJECTIVES: to analyze an instrument that aims to understand the health-disease process, its potential to identify social vulnerabilities and health needs to enable the most appropriate interventions in a given territory. Procedures: analysis of the data collection instrument - composed of closed and open questions to identify different profiles of social reproduction (ways of working and living) - used in the Project of Pedagogical Development and activities reported by students at a Collective Health Nursing department. CONCLUSIONS: the instrument enables health care professionals, especially those from Collective Health Nursing, to identify social vulnerabilities and health needs, and guide interventions in different contexts, according to the health promotion perspective. Thus, it reveals potential to transform current health practices, dynamism and constant innovation of these practices in different contexts, according to the "radicality" that is characteristic of Collective Health.Este estudio tuvo como objetivos analizar un instrumento de lectura del proceso salud enfermedad y evaluar su potencial para el reconocimiento de vulnerabilidades sociales y necesidades de salud, posibilitando intervenciones más adecuadas en un dado territorio. Los procedimientos usados se constituyeron de análisis del instrumento de recolección de datos - compuesto por preguntas cerradas y abiertas para el reconocimiento de los diferentes perfiles de reproducción social (formas de trabajar y de vivir) - utilizado en el Proyecto de Desarrollo Pedagógico y de informes de las actividades desarrolladas por alumnos del Departamento de Enfermería en Salud Colectiva de la Escuela de Enfermería de la Universidad de San Pablo(USP). Se concluye que el instrumento analizado posibilita a los profesionales de la salud, particularmente de Enfermería en Salud Colectiva, reconocer vulnerabilidades sociales y necesidades de salud, orientando sus intervenciones en diferentes contextos, según la perspectiva de la promoción de la salud. Revela, así, un potencial transformador de las prácticas de salud vigentes, carácter dinámico y de renovación constante de esas prácticas en diferentes contextos, según la "radicalidad" propia de la Salud Colectiva.Este estudo teve como objetivos analisar um instrumento de leitura do processo saúde-doença, seu potencial para o reconhecimento de vulnerabilidades sociais e necessidades de saúde, possibilitando intervenções mais adequadas num dado território. Os procedimentos usados constituíram-se de análise do instrumento de coleta de dados - composto por questões fechadas e abertas para o reconhecimento dos diferentes perfis de reprodução social (formas de trabalhar e de viver) - utilizado no Projeto de Desenvolvimento Pedagógico e de relatórios das atividades desenvolvidas por alunos do Departamento de Enfermagem em Saúde Coletiva da Escola de Enfermagem da USP. Conclui-se que o instrumento analisado possibilita aos profissionais de saúde, particularmente da Enfermagem em Saúde Coletiva, reconhecer vulnerabilidades sociais e necessidades de saúde, orientando suas intervenções em diferentes contextos, segundo a perspectiva da promoção da saúde. Revela, assim, potencial transformador das práticas de saúde vigentes, caráter dinâmico e de renovação constante dessas práticas em diferentes contextos, segundo a "radicalidade" própria da Saúde Coletiva

Long-term brain effects of N-back training: an fMRI study

Neurobehavioral effects of cognitive training have become a popular research issue. Specifically, behavioral studies have demonstrated the long-term efficacy of cognitive training of working memory functions, but the neural basis for this training have been studied only at short-term. Using fMRI, we investigate the cerebral changes produced by brief single n-back training immediately and 5 weeks after finishing the training. We used the data from a sample of 52 participants who were assigned to either an experimental condition (training group) or a no-contact control condition. Both groups completed three fMRI sessions with the same n-back task. Behavioral and brain effects were studied, comparing the conditions and sessions in both groups. Our results showed that n-back training improved performance in terms of accuracy and response speed in the trained group compared to the control group. These behavioral changes in trained participants were associated with decreased activation in various brain areas related to working memory, specifically the frontal superior/middle cortex, inferior parietal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and middle temporal cortex. Five weeks after training, the behavioral and brain changes remained stable. We conclude that cognitive training was associated with an improvement in behavioral performance and decreased brain activation, suggesting better neural efficiency that persists over time

Functional Connectivity Between Superior Parietal Lobule and Primary Visual Cortex “at Rest” Predicts Visual Search Efficiency

Spatiotemporal activity that emerges spontaneously “at rest” has been proposed to reflect individual a priori biases in cognitive processing. This research focused on testing neurocognitive models of visual attention by studying the functional connectivity (FC) of the superior parietal lobule (SPL), given its central role in establishing priority maps during visual search tasks. Twenty-three human participants completed a functional magnetic resonance imaging session that featured a resting-state scan, followed by a visual search task based on the alphanumeric category effect. As expected, the behavioral results showed longer reaction times and more errors for the within-category (i.e., searching a target letter among letters) than the between-category search (i.e., searching a target letter among numbers). The within-category condition was related to greater activation of the superior and inferior parietal lobules, occipital cortex, inferior frontal cortex, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, and the superior colliculus than the between-category search. The resting-state FC analysis of the SPL revealed a broad network that included connections with the inferotemporal cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and dorsal frontal areas like the supplementary motor area and frontal eye field. Noteworthy, the regression analysis revealed that the more efficient participants in the visual search showed stronger FC between the SPL and areas of primary visual cortex (V1) related to the search task. We shed some light on how the SPL establishes a priority map of the environment during visual attention tasks and how FC is a valuable tool for assessing individual differences while performing cognitive tasks.This research was supported by grants from the Spanish Department of Economy and Competitiveness (PSI2013-47504-R); and Jaume I University (P1·1B2013-63). Authors E.B., MA.PG and A.MP. were supported by pre-doctoral graduate program grants (National FPU to E.B; National FPI to MA.PG; and Jaume I University FPI to A.MP

Protocol for a Wnt reporter assay to measure its activity in human neural stem cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells

The canonical Wnt signaling is an essential pathway that regulates cellular proliferation, maturation, and differentiation during neurodevelopment and maintenance of adult tissue homeostasis. This pathway has been implicated with the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders and was associated with cognitive processes, such as learning and memory. However, the molecular investigation of the Wnt signaling in functional human neural cell lines might be challenging since brain biopsies are not possible and animal models may not represent the polygenic profile of some neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders. In this context, using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has become a powerful tool to model disorders that affect the Central Nervous System (CNS) in vitro, by maintaining patients' genetic backgrounds. In this method paper, we report the development of a virus-free Wnt reporter assay in neural stem cells (NSCs) derived from human iPSCs from two healthy individuals, by using a vector containing a reporter gene (luc2P) under the control of a TCF/LEF (T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor) responsive element. Dose-response curve analysis from this luciferase-based method might be useful when testing the activity of the Wnt signaling pathway after agonists (e.g. Wnt3a) or antagonists (e.g. DKK1) administration, comparing activity between cases and controls in distinct disorders. Using such a reporter assay method may help to elucidate whether neurological or neurodevelopmental mental disorders show alterations in this pathway, and testing whether targeted treatment may reverse these. Therefore, our established assay aims to help researchers on the functional and molecular investigation of the Wnt pathway in patient-specific cell types comprising several neuropsychiatric disorders

Oral health strategies: surveying the present to plan the future of community-based learning

Introduction: Oral health literacy relates to the capacity of individuals to acquire, understand and to act upon oral health information to make appropriate health decisions. This scientific review’s main goal is to analyze the strategies that improve oral health literacy within the community, specifically oriented to a community-based learning model focused on the most vulnerable risk groups in society. Materials and Methods: The current review is based on the literature on oral health literacy within community-based learning strategies. The present review selected scientific studies by searching MEDLINE and related databases, such as Web of Science and PUBMED, and by consulting existing bibliographies. Results: Based on the application of the inclusion criteria to the abstracts, 45 publications were retrieved which explicitly dealt with the definitions of oral health literacy, community-based learning, and service learning. Several studies have demonstrated that health consumers with low health literacy fail to understand the available health information. Therefore, innovative oral health literacy strategies should be undertaken. Service learning is an example of an educational approach where the student learns specific soft skills in the classroom and collaborates directly with an agency or institution and engages in reflection activities to deepen their understanding of what is being taught. Conclusions: One of the main strategies used to incorporate the oral health professional in social responsibility and direct contact in the community is through experiencing community-based learning projects. The future graduate must be an educator capable of educating patients in order to themselves acquire high-level skills in oral health literacy.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Time-varying volume visualization

Volume rendering is a very active research field in Computer Graphics because of its wide range of applications in various sciences, from medicine to flow mechanics. In this report, we survey a state-of-the-art on time-varying volume rendering. We state several basic concepts and then we establish several criteria to classify the studied works: IVR versus DVR, 4D versus 3D+time, compression techniques, involved architectures, use of parallelism and image-space versus object-space coherence. We also address other related problems as transfer functions and 2D cross-sections computation of time-varying volume data. All the papers reviewed are classified into several tables based on the mentioned classification and, finally, several conclusions are presented.Preprin

Evaluation of the interactions between Human Serum Albumin (HSA) and Non‐Steroidal Anti‐Inflammatory (NSAIDs) drugs by multiwavelength molecular fluorescence, structural and computational analysis

The interaction between drugs and transport proteins, such as albumins, is a key factor in drug bioavailability. One of the techniques commonly used for the evaluation of the drug‐protein complex formation is fluorescence. This work studies the interaction of human serum albumin (HSA) with four non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (ibuprofen, flurbiprofen, naproxen, and diflunisal) by monitoring the fluorescence quenching when the drug‐albumin complex is formed. Two approaches - the double logarithm Stern‐Volmer equation and the STAR program - are used to evaluate the binding parameters. The results are analyzed considering the bind‐ ing properties, determined by using other complementary techniques and the available structural information of albumin complexes with NSAID‐related compounds. Finally, this combined analysis has been synergistically used to interpret the binding of flurbiprofen to HSA