Valuación de inmuebles habitacionales con mercado inmobiliario poco dinámico

En una economía de mercado, el valor de los bienes lo determina el equilibrio entre la oferta y la demanda. La actividad profesional de la valuación se torna complicada en los centros de población pequeños, fundamentalmente la aplicación del Enfoque de Mercado, dado que su principio básico es la comparación y homologación con otros inmuebles con características iguales o similares. El objetivo de este trabajo fue proponer una herramienta auxiliar en el proceso de valuación de inmuebles habitacionales para localidades con mercado poco dinámico mediante el uso de factores de preferencia medidos para la obtención del Valor de Mercado. El caso de estudio fue Encarnación de Díaz, Jalisco, México; y se utilizó una metodología descriptiva y analítica, puesto que se tomaron en cuenta los métodos tradicionales de valuación de bienes inmuebles (valor de costo de reposición o de reemplazo, capitalización de rentas, de comparación o de mercado), sin embargo, a este último método se proponen unas modificaciones para poder valorar inmuebles que no tengan comparables y que se encuentren en un mercado poco dinámico, como resultó en esta localidad. Para la recopilación de datos se utilizaron 90 cédulas de entrevista de acuerdo a consulta de bibliografía especializada, para obtener la información de la preferencia de inmuebles habitacionales por parte de los usuarios, los resultados del estudio demuestran que el primer lugar de las preferencias lo ocupó la variable de “seguridad en la zona” con el 37.39%, asimismo, fueron más importantes las cualidades externas de las viviendas “seguridad en la zona, disponibilidad de servicios, imagen urbana y cercanía al centro de la ciudad”. Quedó de manifiesto, que, en el proceso de valuación de bienes inmuebles bajo el Enfoque de Mercado, el punto crítico es la obtención de la información cuando las condiciones socio-económicas del lugar donde se ubica geográficamente el inmueble son de un mercado inmobiliario bajo o poco dinámico. La propuesta para la obtención del factor de preferencia (percepción de los valores) se cumplió y es operable, así como el proceso para la obtención del valor de mercado, pero apegado estrictamente a lo que se sugiere en la investigación realizada

Ocurrencia de eventos climáticos extremos y gestión de destinos turísticos de la costa de la provincia de Buenos Aires

RESUMEN El objetivo del siguiente trabajo consiste en identificar e inventariar los eventos climatológicos extremos en los balnearios del litoral bonaerense y la gestión realizada para la mitigación del peligro. La importancia de esto radica en que estos eventos son cada vez más frecuentes e intensos y afectan a los destinos turísticos principalmente en verano. Se identificaron y catalogaron eventos climáticos extremos (2005 - 2015) y la gestión pública realizada en los destinos para su mitigación. Los resultados indican que el incremento de fenómenos como la caída de rayos impulsó desde la gestión pública el desarrollo de acciones preventivas. Mientras que no existen medidas para los eventos climáticos extremos habituales como las tormentas, vientos fuertes, granizo, etc

Multimodal mechanisms of human socially reinforced learning across neurodegenerative diseases

Social feedback can selectively enhance learning in diverse domains. Relevant neurocognitive mechanisms have been studied mainly in healthy persons, yielding correlational findings. Neurodegenerative lesion models, coupled with multimodal brain measures, can complement standard approaches by revealing direct multidimensional correlates of the phenomenon. To this end, we assessed socially reinforced and non-socially reinforced learning in 40 healthy participants as well as persons with behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (n = 21), Parkinson's disease (n = 31) and Alzheimer's disease (n = 20). These conditions are typified by predominant deficits in social cognition, feedback-based learning and associative learning, respectively, although all three domains may be partly compromised in the other conditions. We combined a validated behavioural task with ongoing EEG signatures of implicit learning (medial frontal negativity) and offline MRI measures (voxel-based morphometry). In healthy participants, learning was facilitated by social feedback relative to non-social feedback. In comparison with controls, this effect was specifically impaired in behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia and Parkinson's disease, while unspecific learning deficits (across social and non-social conditions) were observed in Alzheimer's disease. EEG results showed increased medial frontal negativity in healthy controls during social feedback and learning. Such a modulation was selectively disrupted in behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia. Neuroanatomical results revealed extended temporo-parietal and fronto-limbic correlates of socially reinforced learning, with specific temporo-parietal associations in behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia and predominantly fronto-limbic regions in Alzheimer's disease. In contrast, non-socially reinforced learning was consistently linked to medial temporal/hippocampal regions. No associations with cortical volume were found in Parkinson's disease. Results are consistent with core social deficits in behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia, subtle disruptions in ongoing feedback-mechanisms and social processes in Parkinson's disease and generalized learning alterations in Alzheimer's disease. This multimodal approach highlights the impact of different neurodegenerative profiles on learning and social feedback. Our findings inform a promising theoretical and clinical agenda in the fields of social learning, socially reinforced learning and neurodegeneration.Fil: Legaz, Agustina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Neurociencia Cognitiva. Fundación Favaloro. Instituto de Neurociencia Cognitiva; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Abrevaya, Sofia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Neurociencia Cognitiva. Fundación Favaloro. Instituto de Neurociencia Cognitiva; ArgentinaFil: Dottori, Martín. Universidad de San Andrés; ArgentinaFil: Campo, Cecilia González. Universidad de San Andrés; ArgentinaFil: Birba, Agustina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de San Andrés; ArgentinaFil: Martorell Caro, Miguel Angel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Neurociencia Cognitiva. Fundación Favaloro. Instituto de Neurociencia Cognitiva; ArgentinaFil: Aguirre, María Julieta. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas; ArgentinaFil: Slachevsky, Andrea. Universidad de Chile.; ChileFil: Aranguiz, Rafael. Instituto Nacional de Geriatría; ChileFil: Serrano, Cecilia Mariela. Unidad Asistencial "Dr. César Milstein"; ArgentinaFil: Gillan, Claire M.. University of California; Estados UnidosFil: Leroi, Iracema. University of California; Estados UnidosFil: García, Adolfo Martín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de San Andrés; Argentina. University of California; Estados Unidos. Trinity College; Estados Unidos. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; Argentina. Universidad de Santiago de Chile; ChileFil: Fittipaldi, Sol. Universidad de San Andrés; ArgentinaFil: Ibañez, Agustin Mariano. Universidad de San Andrés; Argentina. University of California; Estados Unidos. Trinity College; Estados Unidos. Universidad Adolfo Ibañez; Chile. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Un pan diseñado con harina de Centeno y Stevia: Un análisis sensorial y microbiológico

Rye flour bread is a relatively new development. This product is a functional food rich in flavonoids, mucilage, pentosans, vitamins and minerals. Additionally, rye-based products have previously shown to improve acute postprandial appetite ratings, appear to lower glucose and insulin response and decrease voluntary food intake at a subsequent meal. Compared to whole white bread, it prevents inflammation of both, gastrointestinal and respiratory mucosa, being an excellent nutritional option feasible to be included in our daily diet. The aim of this research was to develop a functional bread from rye flour and stevia with three formulations: 50, 60 and 80% of rye flour. The microbiological, physicochemical and sensory assessments were made, evidencing that 50/50 formula was the best accepted by the evaluators. According to NTC 1363 norm the product was classified as a soft bread with fiber, since fiber was (35.8%) and the moisture obtained was (35.65%). In microbiological analysis, the results showed that it is a suitable product for human consumption and taste, texture and presentation analysis, this product was well-rated by the consumers, concluding that, is suitable to be merchandise as an alternative to wheat bread in daily human standard meals.El pan a base de harina de centeno es un producto relativamente nuevo. Este producto es un alimento funcional rico en flavonoides, mucílagos, pentosanos, vitaminas y minerales. Además, los productos a base de centeno ya han mostrado potencial para mejorar la parición de apetito posprandial, parecen disminuir la respuesta a la glucosa y la insulina y disminuyen la ingesta voluntaria de alimentos en una comida posterior. En comparación con pan blanco entero, previene la inflamación de la mucosa gastrointestinal y respiratoria, siendo una excelente opción nutricional para ser incluida en nuestra dieta diaria. El objetivo de esta investigación fue desarrollar un pan funcional a partir de harina de centeno y stevia, utilizando tres formulaciones: 50, 60 y 80% de harina de centeno. Se realizaron evaluaciones microbiológicas, fisicoquímicas y sensoriales, demostrándose que la fórmula 50/50 fue la mejor aceptada por los evaluadores voluntarios. De acuerdo con la norma NTC 1363, el producto fue clasificado como pan blando con fibra, ya que la fibra fue del 35.8% y la humedad obtenida fue de 35.65%. En el análisis microbiológico, los resultados mostraron que es un producto apto para el consumo humano y en el análisis del sabor, la textura y la presentación del pan fueron bien evaluados por los consumidores, concluyendo que este producto es adecuado como alternativa al pan de trigo en la dieta humana diaria

A Platform for Addressing Individual Magnetite Islands Grown Epitaxially on Ru(0001) and Manipulating Their Magnetic Domains

We have grown high-quality magnetite micrometric islands on ruthenium stripes on sapphire through a combination of magnetron sputtering (Ru film), high-temperature molecular beam epitaxy (oxide islands), and optical lithography. The samples have been characterized by atomic force microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray absorption and magnetic circular dichroism in a photoemission microscope. The magnetic domains on the magnetite islands can be modified by the application of current pulses through the Ru stripes in combination with magnetic fields. The modification of the magnetic domains is explained by the Oersted field generated by the electrical current flowing through the stripes underneath the magnetite nanostructures. The fabrication method is applicable to a wide variety of rock salt and spinel oxides

The impact of regional heterogeneity in whole-brain dynamics in the presence of oscillations

AbstractLarge variability exists across brain regions in health and disease, considering their cellular and molecular composition, connectivity, and function. Large-scale whole-brain models comprising coupled brain regions provide insights into the underlying dynamics that shape complex patterns of spontaneous brain activity. In particular, biophysically grounded mean-field whole-brain models in the asynchronous regime were used to demonstrate the dynamical consequences of including regional variability. Nevertheless, the role of heterogeneities when brain dynamics are supported by synchronous oscillating state, which is a ubiquitous phenomenon in brain, remains poorly understood. Here, we implemented two models capable of presenting oscillatory behavior with different levels of abstraction: a phenomenological Stuart–Landau model and an exact mean-field model. The fit of these models informed by structural- to functional-weighted MRI signal (T1w/T2w) allowed us to explore the implication of the inclusion of heterogeneities for modeling resting-state fMRI recordings from healthy participants. We found that disease-specific regional functional heterogeneity imposed dynamical consequences within the oscillatory regime in fMRI recordings from neurodegeneration with specific impacts on brain atrophy/structure (Alzheimer’s patients). Overall, we found that models with oscillations perform better when structural and functional regional heterogeneities are considered, showing that phenomenological and biophysical models behave similarly at the brink of the Hopf bifurcation

Deregulated cellular circuits driving immunoglobulins and complement consumption associate with the severity of COVID-19 patients

SARS-CoV-2 infection causes an abrupt response by the host immune system, which is largely responsible for the outcome of COVID-19. We investigated whether the specific immune responses in the peripheral blood of 276 patients were associated with the severity and progression of COVID-19. At admission, dramatic lymphopenia of T, B, and NK cells is associated with severity. Conversely, the proportion of B cells, plasmablasts, circulating follicular helper T cells (cTfh) and CD56–CD16+ NK-cells increased. Regarding humoral immunity, levels of IgM, IgA, and IgG were unaffected, but when degrees of severity were considered, IgG was lower in severe patients. Compared to healthy donors, complement C3 and C4 protein levels were higher in mild and moderate, but not in severe patients, while the activation peptide of C5 (C5a) increased from the admission in every patient, regardless of their severity. Moreover, total IgG, the IgG1 and IgG3 isotypes, and C4 decreased from day 0 to day 10 in patients who were hospitalized for more than two weeks, but not in patients who were discharged earlier. Our study provides important clues to understand the immune response observed in COVID-19 patients, associating severity with an imbalanced humoral response, and identifying new targets for therapeutic interventionThe study was funded by grants SAF2017- 82886-R to FS-M from the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, and from “La Caixa Banking Foundation” (HR17-00016) to FS-M. Grant PI018/01163 to CMC and grant PI19/00549 to AA were funded by Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias, Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo, Spain. SAF2017-82886-R, PI018/01163 and PI19/00549 grants were also co-funded by European Regional Development Fund, ERDF/FEDER. This work has been funded by grants Fondo Supera COVID (CRUE-Banco de Santander) to FSM, and “Ayuda Covid 2019” from Comunidad de Madri

H3K4me1 marks DNA regions hypomethylated during aging in human stem and differentiated cells

In differentiated cells, aging is associated with hypermethylation of DNA regions enriched in repressive histone post-translational modifications. However, the chromatin marks associated with changes in DNA methylation in adult stem cells during lifetime are still largely unknown. Here, DNA methylation profiling of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) obtained from individuals aged 2 to 92 yr identified 18,735 hypermethylated and 45,407 hypomethylated CpG sites associated with aging. As in differentiated cells, hypermethylated sequences were enriched in chromatin repressive marks. Most importantly, hypomethylated CpG sites were strongly enriched in the active chromatin mark H3K4me1 in stem and differentiated cells, suggesting this is a cell type-independent chromatin signature of DNA hypomethylation during aging. Analysis of scedasticity showed that interindividual variability of DNA methylation increased during aging in MSCs and differentiated cells, providing a new avenue for the identification of DNA methylation changes over time. DNA methylation profiling of genetically identical individuals showed that both the tendency of DNA methylation changes and scedasticity depended on nongenetic as well as genetic factors. Our results indicate that the dynamics of DNA methylation during aging depend on a complex mixture of factors that include the DNA sequence, cell type, and chromatin context involved and that, depending on the locus, the changes can be modulated by genetic and/or external factors