22 research outputs found
Alcohol and drugs in adolescence: work process in health in school program
Introduction: Adolescence is characterized as a transition period between childhood and adult life that imposes great physical, cognitive and psychosocial changes. During that period, the adolescent is exposed and vulnerable to the consumption of alcohol and drugs, and has been an scenery where nurses who works in the School Health Programs (SHP) interact with them. In this sense, the interaction between education and health can influence adolescents to become questioners of the risks they are exposed and look together for better options to improve their quality of life. Objective: To analyse the perception and health practices of Nurses working in the School Health Programs of prevention of alcohol and drugs during adolescence. Methods: This is a descriptive and qualitative study carried out in the city of Juazeiro do Norte, Ceará, Brazil, with 18 nurses participating in the SHP, who implement actions with adolescents in schools. The data collection took place through a semi structured interview and their organization through thematic analysis. Results: The participants affirmed that the importance of their actions and work is directed to prevent the use of alcohol and drugs among adolescents, excluding the precepts of health promotion. They pointed out that the interaction between education and health is characterized as an effective strategy in the prevention of damages caused by the use of alcohol and drugs, emphasizing the participation of family members during the process of elaboration, application and continuity. It was also evidenced that the educational practices are performed mostly through lectures, characterizing a work centred on clinical, individual and curative practice. Conclusion: Nurses understand that the interaction between health and education is an effective strategy to prevent the use of alcohol and drugs in adolescents, emphasizing the importance of family participation in the process of construction and support of this context. However, it is possible to identify that the actions developed by these professionals are still restricted to modify some behaviours such as to improve their willing of sharing new knowledge
Anomalia de Ebstein com comunicação interatrial em paciente gestante com pré-eclâmpsia: um raro relato de caso
A Anomalia de Ebstein (AE) é uma cardiopatia congênita rara, ocorre em apenas 1% das más formações cardíacas. É uma alteração da implantação dos folhetos da valva tricúspide, ocorre o aumento do volume do átrio direito e a atrialização do ventrículo direito. Geralmente, possui uma evolução clínica lenta, com sintomas aparecendo em idade avançada. A comunicação interatrial (CIA), também consiste em uma cardiopatia congênita, do tipo acianótica, comumente assintomática, com prevalência de 5 a 10% de todas as cardiopatias, mais comum em mulheres. Baseia-se na formação de um “shunt” esquerdo-direito, podendo causar hiperfluxo da veia pulmonar. Por outro lado, a pré-eclâmpsia é uma complicação gestacional detectada na vigésima semana. É uma disfunção materno/placentária responsável por elevação da pressão arterial (> 140/90 mmHg), associada a lesão de órgão alvo, proteinúria ou disfunção útero/placentária. Neste estudo, o objetivo é relatar as complicações desenvolvidas durante a gestação em paciente que possuía essa rara associação de comorbidades. Paciente feminina, 20 anos, primigesta com 30 semanas e 4 dias, vista em USG obstétrico, com descontrole pressórico desde de o início da gestação. Cardiopata, sem acompanhamento, apresentando EA e IA (diagnóstico em laudo de 2008). Foi admitida em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) com dispneia, saturação de O2 de 91%, pressão de 150/100 mmHg. Após estabilização, solicitados pareceres para cardiologia, obstetrícia e risco anestésico. USG obstétrico mostrou compartimento fetal alterado e relação cérebro/placentária alterada. No 2º dia, após corticoterapia, paciente retorna do centro-cirúrgico após cesariana, acoplada à ventilação mecânica invasiva, devido à descompensação. Radiografia pós-cirurgia mostrou pequeno derrame pleural bilateral. Mantida Cefalotina por mais 2 dias. No dia 3, TC de tórax revelou derrame persistente e consolidações, iniciando Ceftriaxone e Clindamicina. Noradrenalina iniciada após descompensação hemodinâmica. No dia 6, após teste de respiração espontânea bem-sucedido, o ecocardiograma evidenciou AE, insuficiência tricúspide acentuada e mitral leve. Sem critérios graves, a paciente foi transferida para a enfermaria para seguimento e término da antibioticoterapia. A gestação pode agravar riscos em pacientes com comorbidades raras como anomalias cardíacas congênitas. O acompanhamento específico é crucial e, em casos graves, a gravidez deve ser evitada
Techniques to improve the maintenance of a laboratory colony of Nyssomyia neivai (Diptera: Psychodidae)
Mielomeningocele e anomalias associadas: uma série de casos e revisão sistemática
A mielomeningocele é uma malformação congênita grave do sistema nervoso central, representando um dos tipos mais complexos de defeitos do tubo neural. A condição é marcada pela exposição das meninges e, em alguns casos, da medula espinhal, através de uma abertura na coluna vertebral, desafiando tanto o prognóstico do paciente quanto as estratégias de tratamento. O presente estudo visa explorar os avanços recentes no diagnóstico, intervenções cirúrgicas e desfechos neurológicos associados à mielomeningocele, com foco particular na eficácia e segurança das abordagens atuais. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura de 2016 a 2024 nas bases de dados PubMed (Medline), Cochrane Library e SciELO, aplicando critérios de inclusão e exclusão rigorosos para selecionar estudos que abordassem esses aspectos. Três estudos chave foram analisados, destacando-se pelas técnicas de diagnóstico antenatal, pela utilização de intervenções cirúrgicas inovadoras, como o fechamento fetal, e pelos cuidados pós-operatórios visando melhorias nos desfechos neurológicos. Os resultados indicam uma tendência positiva na melhoria da qualidade de vida dos pacientes, com avanços significativos no controle e na prevenção de complicações a longo prazo. No entanto, foi observada a necessidade de uma abordagem multidisciplinar no tratamento, integrando cuidados neurocirúrgicos, ortopédicos e reabilitativos. A mielomeningocele, apesar dos desafios, tem testemunhado progressos notáveis nas últimas décadas, sugerindo um futuro mais promissor para os pacientes afetados. Ainda assim, são necessários mais estudos para consolidar essas abordagens e otimizar as estratégias de tratamento na prática clínica
Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research
Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4
While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge
of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In
the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of
Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus
crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced
environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian
Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by
2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status,
much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research
Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost
Techniques To Improve The Maintenance Of A Laboratory Colony Of Nyssomyia Neivai (diptera: Psychodidae).
The most critical phase in sand fly colonization is the high mortality in the larval instars. In this study, we sought out strategies for improving the colonization of Nyssomyia neivai, one of the vectors of cutaneous leishmaniasis agent in South America. A colony of Ny. neivai was established in the laboratory from a field population, and the productivity of adults was evaluated considering carrying capacity, diet for larvae and surface for oviposition. The highest emergency rate of adults was achieved with the fewest couples inside 150 mL rearing chambers on a sterilized diet made of rabbit feces, rabbit food, soil and fish food and with vermiculite as a substrate for oviposition and the development of larvae. Our data on Ny. neivai colonization showed that the best adult productivities were achieved with fewer couples inside the rearing chambers; smaller rearing containers of 150 mL (due to less fungi growth); sterilized diet made of rabbit feces, rabbit food, soil and fish food; and vermiculite as the substrate for oviposition and development of larvae
A importância da promoção do uso racional de medicamentos realizada pelo Projeto de Assistência Farmacêutica Estudantil
The group of Proper Use of Medicines, inserted into the Student Pharmaceutical Care Project (PAFE), from the college of Pharmaceutical Sciences of UNESP – Araraquara, has been conducting orientation activities and promoting the Rational Use of Drugs (URM) since 1998. This work aims to emphasize the importance of the promotion of URM made by the students, taking into account the practice of self-medication for a large part of the population, and other issues related to improper treatment. The results obtained through questionnaires during the XVII Week of Pharmaceutical Care Student (SAFE), which show that self-medication is performed in parallel with the use of prescripted drugs.O estande de Uso Correto de Medicamentos, inserido no Projeto de Atenção Farmacêutica Estudantil (PAFE) da Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas da Unesp – Araraquara, tem realizado atividades de orientação e promoção do Uso Racional de Medicamentos (URM) desde 1999. Este trabalho visa enfatizar a importância da promoção do URM feita pelos estudantes, levando em consideração a prática da automedicação por uma grande parte da população brasileira, e outras questões relacionadas à terapêutica inadequada. São utilizados os resultados obtidos através de questionários aplicados durante a XVII Semana de Atenção Farmacêutica Estudantil (SAFE), que revelam que a prática da automedicação é realizada paralelamente ao uso de medicamentos prescritos