Prevalencia de lesiones en gimnastas pertenecientes a la Liga de Gimnasia de Bogotá, D.C.

Introducción. La exigencia física en los gimnastas durante su formación puede traer consigo lesiones; la intensidad y cantidad de práctica en relación al nivel de competencia y grado de dificultad de los elementos hacen de este deporte uno de los que mayores lesiones produce. Objetivo. Estimar la prevalencia de lesiones y los factores correlacionados a estas en gimnastas pertenecientes a la Liga de Gimnasia de Bogotá, Colombia. Materiales y métodos. Estudio observacional, correlacional y con diseño transversal realizado en 19 gimnastas: nueve mayores de 14 años, nueve entre 15 y 19 y uno de 22 años. Se midió índice de masa corporal (IMC), peso corporal, talla, squat jump, contra movimiento, pliometría en miembros superiores, dinamometría de espalda y sit and reach; también se realizó una encuesta de prevalencia de lesiones. Resultados. 14 deportistas presentaron lesiones el último año. El lugar de lesión más prevalente fue codo con 24%, seguido de pie con 21%. El tipo de lesión más prevalente fue esguince con 31.6%, seguido por tendinopatía con 21%. No hubo correlación entre squat jump, contra movimiento, pliometría en miembros superiores, dinamometría de espalda y sit and reach. Conclusiones. Las variables edad, peso, IMC y duración del entrenamiento se correlacionan con la aparición de lesiones. Las mujeres sufren más lesiones en comparación con hombres.Introduction: The physical demand of gymnasts during training can cause injuries; the intensity and amount of practice in relation to the level of competition and degree of difficulty make this sport present one of the highest rates of injuries.Objective: To estimate the prevalence of injuries and correlated factors in the gymnasts of the Gymnastics League in Bogotá, Colombia.Materials and methods: Observational, correlational and cross-sectional study including 19 gymnasts, whose ages were 14 (nine subjects), 15-19 (nine subjects) and 22 (one subject). Body mass index (BMI), body weight, height, squat jump, counter movement, plyometrics in upper limbs, back dynamometry and sit and reach aspects were measured. Also, a survey of injuries prevalence was performed.Results: 14 athletes had injuries during the past year. The most prevalent injury site was the elbow with 24%, followed by foot with 21%. The most prevalent type of injury was sprain with 31.6%, followed by tendinitis with 21%. There was no correlation between squat jump, counter movement, plyometrics in upper limbs, back dynamometry and sit and reach.Conclusions: The variables age, weight, BMI and length of training correlate with the appearance of injuries. Women suffer more injuries compared with men

Universidad y sociedad. Extensión del conocimiento

Este libro hace un análisis de la educación y propone migrar de una institución educativa a una organización de extensión del conocimiento (Mejía, 2011) toma más fuerza cada día, ya que obtiene una participación más activa en su actuar, y no solo se circunscribe a mejorar la gestión de las áreas funcionales de mercadeo, docencia, investigación, extensión, financiera, tecnología y administración (Gutiérrez, 2011), también cuenta con una visión más sistémica para conseguir la felicidad social y de las personas que conforman la organización educativa

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Caracterización del desarrollo infantil en la Calera desde un enfoque de la determinación social

Las condiciones del proceso salud – enfermedad de poblaciones en la primera infancia, pueden ser entendidas desde la Determinación Social, reconociendo la relación entre el contexto y el desarrollo infantil de los niños y las niñas. A partir de lo anterior, en este articulo se describen los resultados de una investigación que buscó determinar las interacciones existentes entre las redes de apoyo y el contexto, con el desarrollo en la primera Infancia, en niños y niñas de los Hogares HOBI del Municipio de la Calera; para lo cual se efectuó un estudio descriptivo que indagó sobre los determinantes del Dominio general, particular y singular, para luego generar las interacciones desde el Modelo de la Determinación Social; por cuanto se aplicó la escala abreviada del desarrollo, se efectuaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a madres comunitarias y se realizó una revisión documental relacionada con las condicioneseconómicas, sociales y políticas de la Calera. Como resultados principales se encontró que el municipio de La Calera, nivel 6 a nivel nacional, recibe transferencias del gobierno central para los programas de apoyo a la primera infancia, en conjunto con las acciones desarrolladas por ICBF. Las políticas que rigen al Municipio son lasplanteadas a nivel nacional, sin considerar las condiciones propias del Municipio, tales como una gran extensión y población en el área rural, con deficiencias en las vías terciarias y la disponibilidad de transporte para las veredas lejanas al área urbana; condición que afecta la disposición de servicios relacionados con la capacitación, asesoría y apoyo a las madres comunitarias de los Hogares del ICBF, quienes pueden desconocer algunos signos de alerta en los niños, lo que afecta las condiciones relacionadas con el desarrollo infantil, tales como el desarrollo del lenguaje y de las relaciones sociales; esto es mayor en la ruralidad

La familia y el desarrollo motor en la primera infancia, una mirada desde el modelo de la determinación social

Las condiciones del proceso salud – enfermedad de los individuos y las colectividades han sido abordadas principalmente desde las ciencias naturales con un enfoque positivista, que busca entender el comportamiento de las condiciones de salud, aplicando el rigor del método científico, con el fin de reconocer los factores causales y lasrelaciones que se dan entre variables medibles y observables. Sin embargo esta mirada reduccionista desconoce la composición de la realidad social, la historia, la cultura, la política y la economía, determinantes que influyen en la salud y en la calidad de vida de los individuos y del colectivo. Es importante aclarar que los cambios en elconcepto del proceso salud- enfermedad, que se han dado en la historia, ocurren por momentos políticos, sociales, económicos y de las condiciones de salud de las poblaciones, propias de cada época. Ante esta situación, las intervenciones basadas en la Bacteriología, Microbiología, teorías causales y multicausales, son insuficientes parallevar a cabo acciones de promoción y prevención. En dicho artículo de revisión se manifiesta que los determinantes de la salud y los diferentes dominios en los que se desarrolla el proceso salud – enfermedad, comienzan a ser primordiales con el fin de dar una mirada holística a las condiciones de salud en la Primera Infancia y permitir un diálogo entre saberes, científico y popular, que logre integrar a los sujetos y a los diferentes actores sociales tales como la Familia, dentro de la evaluación y los diagnósticos que de las condiciones de salud y calidad de vida sehacen en los individuos y el colectivo

Análisis de la condición de salud de los usuarios de Unisalud con osteoartrosis de rodilla, desde el modelo de la determinación social de la epidemiologia crítica

Objetivo: El propósito del presente estudio es analizar la condición de salud de los usuarios de UNISALUD con Osteoartrosis de rodilla, desde el modelo de la Determinación Social, de la Epidemiología Crítica. Método: el estudio es descriptivo exploratorio con una muestra de 104 sujetos. Dentro de la metodología se tiene en cuenta los dominios planteados por la Epidemiologia Critica, el Singular, Particular y General, por lo cual se utilizan los siguientes instrumentos para la recolección de datos: revisión documental, por medio de la revisión de Historias Clínicas y documentos de UNISALUD, entrevistas semiestructuradas, que incluyen preguntas formales y no formales para indagar acerca de la osteoartrosis. Posteriormente se realiza el análisis de los datos cuantitativos y cualitativos respectivamente, se diseñan perfiles de riesgo y la matriz propuesta por la Epidemiologia Critica. Resultados: A partir del análisis realizado del proceso de triangulación fue posible encontrar como ante una enfermedad crónica no transmisible como la osteoartrosis, las redes de apoyo (familia – amigos) y el sistema de salud, en este caso UNISALUD como EPS del régimen Especial, influyen en la funcionalidad de las personas que presentan la enfermedad, lo cual contribuye en la adopción de estilos de vida saludables. Sin embargo el modelo de atención y las estrategias de educación en salud desarrolladas por Unisalud, no plantean un enfoque familiar y de Promoción de la salud, con afectación de procesos destructivos y protectores en el Dominio General y particular, lo cual no impacta las políticas institucionales y no logra el desarrollo de la autonomía y empoderamiento de los sujetos, dado el paternalismo presente en la relación generada con los usuarios. Esto a su vez influye en la percepción del dolor en los sujetos la cual es alta, a pesar de las redes de apoyo con las cuales cuentan, debido a las relaciones de dependencia generadas entre los usuarios y sus redes. Así mismo las condiciones socioeconómicas y el modelo económico predominantes, definen modos de producción y posibilidades de acceso a la Educación y a modos de vida favorables, afectando la salud observable de las personas con osteoartrosis y el desarrollo de su proyecto de vida. La perspectiva de Género transciende la noción se sexo, considerando las relaciones de poder, la división de trabajo y el acceso a oportunidades, el cual es diferencial entre hombre y mujeres. / Abstract. Objective: the purpose of this study is to analyze the health status of UNISALUD users with osteoarthrosis of the knee, since the model of the Social Determination of the Critical Epidemiology. Method: is descriptive exploratory study with a sample of 104 subjects. Within the methodology takes into account the domains arising from critical epidemiology, the Singular, Particular and General, which uses the following instruments for data collection: literature review, through the review of clinical records and documents of UNISALUD, structured interviews, including formal and informal questions to inquire about osteoarthritis. Subsequently used in the analysis of quantitative and qualitative data respectively, are designed risk profiles and the matrix proposed by critical epidemiology Results: From analysis of the process of triangulation was to be found as not Transmissible chronic disease such as osteoarthrosis, support networks (family - friends) and the health system, in this case as UNISALUD EPS special regime, influence the functionality of people who have the disease, which contributes to the adoption of healthy lifestyles. However, the model of care and health education strategies developed by UNISALUD not pose a focus on family and health promotion, with involvement of destructive and protective processes in the domain-general and particular, which does not impact the institutional policies and fails the development of autonomy and empowerment of individuals, given the present paternalism in the relationship generated by users. This in turn influences the perception of pain in the subjects which is high, despite the support networks which have, because of the dependency relationships generated between users and their networks. Also socio-economic conditions and the prevailing economic model, define modes of production facilities and access to education and positive lifestyles, affecting the observable health of people with osteoarthritis and developing their life plan. The gender perspective is the notion transcends sex, considering the power relations, division of labor and access to opportunities, which is differential between men and women.Maestrí

Enfoque teórico para comprender la influencia de los recursos económicos en la actividad física. una revisión: 2770 Board # 293 3 de junio, 930 AM - 1100 AM

Physical activity (PA) is defined as a polysomic concept. There are some external context factors which affect the imaginary that the subjects establish around it, implying the adoption of definitions and specific practices. This qualitative study pretends to analyze the influence of the economic resources in the social reproduction of the concepts and the PA practices from the determinant models and social determination. In order to understand the physical activity concept as a polysomic conception, with a perspective from the health social determinants theory and the social determination theory, it was necessary to obtain a more comprehensive and integrated approach, for that, it was essential to make a compendium and analysis of concepts and practices that have been developed PA over the past 10 years in the academic literature. Search 10,239 references in PubMed was obtained with certain equations, of which 2695 were selected with the first inclusion criterion: Full text last 10 years, in humans, English, Portuguese or Spanish language. The 2695 titles and abstracts were reviewed the defined criteria. By reading summaries 1324 items that did not meet the inclusion criteria or were studies that did not contribute to the objective of the study were excluded. “Income”, “possessions”, “wages”, “wealth” or “material goods”: After the analysis method and detecting the items to be included within the unit of analysis “economic factors” category was revised. Total 363 this filter more studies were excluded. Finally, two assessors reviewed 71 papers independently in accordance with defined criteria and evaluation template CASPE for quasi-experimental study and the qualitative and cross STROBE template for documents, including 23 articles for the revision was applied.The results of the research showed a trend of PA concept from a biological dimension and “economic resource” is analyzed mainly from a reductionist point of view. The relationship between physical activity and economic resources are clearly established, however, the orientation of relationships changes with the theoretical perspective of the author. Most of the documents reviewed are based on the model of determinants, nevertheless, it is starting to show how some elements of the social determination appear in the articles

Condição física e indicadores de risco cardiovascular em população com deficiência intelectual

Introducción: el objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la relación entre condición física e indicadores indirectos de riesgo cardiovascular de niños y jóvenes con discapacidad intelectual. Materiales y métodos: estudio observacional de corte transversal, que evaluó la condición física de 175 estudiantes con discapacidad intelectual, utilizando la batería Brockport Physical Fitness para menores de 18 años; para mayores de 18, se utilizaron las mismas pruebas, pero con baremos para su edad. Para el análisis estadístico, se aplicaron pruebas de normalidad y de correlación de Pearson con el programa estadístico SPSS versión 20.1, con niveles de confianza del 95 %. Resultados: en la composición corporal, la población mayor de 18 años obtuvo valores más altos que los menores de 18 años. En menores de 18 años, se observó una correlación directa entre las variables antropométricas, configurando un riesgo cardiovascular alto (r = 0.77 p = 0.01); se observa una correlación negativa entre variables antropométricas con potencia aeróbica y fuerza (r = -0.423; r = -0.593 p = 0.01). En la población mayor de 18 años, se observó una correlación negativa entre fuerza de brazos (r = -0.60 p = 0.01) y potencia aeróbica (r = -0.471 p = 0.01), con variables de riesgo cardiovascular. Conclusión: se observa una relación entre las variables de riesgo cardiovascular y cualidades como fuerza y capacidad aeróbica, siendo las de condición física predictoras de un posible riesgo.Introduction: This study aimed to determine the relationship between physical condition and indirect indicators of cardiovascular risk in children and young people with intellectual disabilities. Materials and Methods: The study was an observational cross-sectional one, which evaluated the physical condition of 175 students with intellectual disabilities, using the Brockport Physical Fitness battery for children under 18 years of age. For those over 18 years, the same tests were used, but with age scales. For the statistical analysis, normality tests and Pearson correlation were applied with the statistics program SPSS 20.1 version, with 95 % confidence levels. Results: In body composition, a population older than 18 years had higher values than those under 18 years. In children under 18 years of age, a direct correlation was observed between the anthropometric variables, forming a high cardiovascular risk (r = 0.77 p 0.01); a negative correlation was observed between anthropometric variables with aerobic power and strength (r = -0.423, r = -0.593 p 0.01). In the population over 18 years of age, there was a negative correlation between arm strength (r = -0.60 p 0.01) and aerobic power (r = -0.471 p 0.01) with cardiovascular risk variables. Conclusion: A relationship between the variables of cardiovascular risk and qualities such as strength and aerobic capacity is observed, being physical fitness variables risk predictors

Physical Fitness and Indicators of Cardiovascular Risk in Population with Intellectual Disability

Introdução: determinar a relação entre condição física e indicadores de risco cardiovascular de crianças e jovens com deficiência intelectual (DI). Materiais e métodos: estudo observacional de corte transversal, que avalia a condição física de 175 estudantes com deficiência intelectual (DI), utilizando a bateria Brockport Physical Fitness para as pessoas com menos de 18 anos; para as pessoas com mais de 18 anos se utilizaram as mesmas provas, mas com medidas diferentes para sua idade. Para a análise estatística se aplicaram provas de normalidade e de correlação Pearson com o programa estatístico SPSS versão 20.1, com níveis de confiança de 95 %. Resultados: em composição corporal, na população com mais de 18 anos obteve valores mais altos que na população mais jovem. Na população com menos de 18 anos, observou-se uma correlação direta entre as variáveis antropométricas, configurando um risco cardiovascular alto (r=0.77 p 0.01); se observa uma correlação negativa entre variáveis antropométricas com potência aeróbica e força (r=-0.423; r=-0.593 p 0.01). Na população com mais de 18 anos se observou uma correlação negativa entre força de braços (r= -0.60 p 0.01) e potência aeróbica (r=-0.471 p 0.01), com variáveis de risco cardiovascular. Conclusão: observa-se uma relação entre as variáveis de risco cardiovascular e qualidade como força e capacidade aeróbica, sendo variáveis de condição física preditoras de um possível risco.Introduction: This study aimed to determine the relationship between physical condition and indirect indicators of cardiovascular risk in children and young people with intellectual disabilities. Materials and Methods: The study was an observational cross-sectional one, which evaluated the physical condition of 175 students with intellectual disabilities, using the Brockport Physical Fitness battery for children under 18 years of age. For those over 18 years, the same tests were used, but with age scales. For the statistical analysis, normality tests and Pearson correlation were applied with the statistics program SPSS 20.1 version, with 95 % confidence levels. Results: In body composition, a population older than 18 years had higher values than those under 18 years. In children under 18 years of age, a direct correlation was observed between the anthropometric variables, forming a high cardiovascular risk (r = 0.77 p 0.01); a negative correlation was observed between anthropometric variables with aerobic power and strength (r = -0.423, r = -0.593 p 0.01). In the population over 18 years of age, there was a negative correlation between arm strength (r = -0.60 p 0.01) and aerobic power (r = -0.471 p 0.01) with cardiovascular risk variables. Conclusion: A relationship between the variables of cardiovascular risk and qualities such as strength and aerobic capacity is observed, being physical fitness variables risk predictors.Introduction: This study aimed to determine the relationship between physical condition and indirect indicators of cardiovascular risk in children and young people with intellectual disabilities. Materials and Methods: The study was an observational cross-sectional one, which evaluated the physical condition of 175 students with intellectual disabilities, using the Brockport Physical Fitness battery for children under 18 years of age. For those over 18 years, the same tests were used, but with age scales. For the statistical analysis, normality tests and Pearson correlation were applied with the statistics program SPSS 20.1 version, with 95 % confidence levels. Results: In body composition, a population older than 18 years had higher values than those under 18 years. In children under 18 years of age, a direct correlation was observed between the anthropometric variables, forming a high cardiovascular risk (r = 0.77 p 0.01); a negative correlation was observed between anthropometric variables with aerobic power and strength (r = -0.423, r = -0.593 p 0.01). In the population over 18 years of age, there was a negative correlation between arm strength (r = -0.60 p 0.01) and aerobic power (r = -0.471 p 0.01) with cardiovascular risk variables. Conclusion: A relationship between the variables of cardiovascular risk and qualities such as strength and aerobic capacity is observed, being physical fitness variables risk predictors

Isoinertial technology for rehabilitation and prevention of muscle injuries of soccer players: literature review

Introduction: Soccer is the sport with the highest risk of muscle injury for players. Eccentric exercise is fundamental for reducing injury rates and isoinertial technology devices cause an increase in eccentric demands after a concentric contraction. Objective: To identify the use of isoinertial technology in the fields of physical activity and sports for rehabilitation and prevention of muscle injuries reported in scientific literature. Materials and methods: A search of scientific papers in PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE and Science Direct data base was performed by using the following MeSH medical terms and search equations: [isoinertial AND technology AND flywheels] and [free weight AND sport AND humans AND soccer]. Results: 23 references, classified into three approaches, were selected: isoinertial technology for rehabilitation, fitness and injury prevention. The use of this technology is fundamental due to the increase of the eccentric demand in muscle groups. Conclusions: Isoinertial technology is a useful tool for treating and preventing injuries, as well as for the development of physical qualities. However, it is necessary to work on protocols that allow unifying its usage parameters so that it can be included in prevention programs