Physical Fitness and Indicators of Cardiovascular Risk in Population with Intellectual Disability

Abstract

Introdução: determinar a relação entre condição física e indicadores de risco cardiovascular de crianças e jovens com deficiência intelectual (DI). Materiais e métodos: estudo observacional de corte transversal, que avalia a condição física de 175 estudantes com deficiência intelectual (DI), utilizando a bateria Brockport Physical Fitness para as pessoas com menos de 18 anos; para as pessoas com mais de 18 anos se utilizaram as mesmas provas, mas com medidas diferentes para sua idade. Para a análise estatística se aplicaram provas de normalidade e de correlação Pearson com o programa estatístico SPSS versão 20.1, com níveis de confiança de 95 %. Resultados: em composição corporal, na população com mais de 18 anos obteve valores mais altos que na população mais jovem. Na população com menos de 18 anos, observou-se uma correlação direta entre as variáveis antropométricas, configurando um risco cardiovascular alto (r=0.77 p 0.01); se observa uma correlação negativa entre variáveis antropométricas com potência aeróbica e força (r=-0.423; r=-0.593 p 0.01). Na população com mais de 18 anos se observou uma correlação negativa entre força de braços (r= -0.60 p 0.01) e potência aeróbica (r=-0.471 p 0.01), com variáveis de risco cardiovascular. Conclusão: observa-se uma relação entre as variáveis de risco cardiovascular e qualidade como força e capacidade aeróbica, sendo variáveis de condição física preditoras de um possível risco.Introduction: This study aimed to determine the relationship between physical condition and indirect indicators of cardiovascular risk in children and young people with intellectual disabilities. Materials and Methods: The study was an observational cross-sectional one, which evaluated the physical condition of 175 students with intellectual disabilities, using the Brockport Physical Fitness battery for children under 18 years of age. For those over 18 years, the same tests were used, but with age scales. For the statistical analysis, normality tests and Pearson correlation were applied with the statistics program SPSS 20.1 version, with 95 % confidence levels. Results: In body composition, a population older than 18 years had higher values than those under 18 years. In children under 18 years of age, a direct correlation was observed between the anthropometric variables, forming a high cardiovascular risk (r = 0.77 p 0.01); a negative correlation was observed between anthropometric variables with aerobic power and strength (r = -0.423, r = -0.593 p 0.01). In the population over 18 years of age, there was a negative correlation between arm strength (r = -0.60 p 0.01) and aerobic power (r = -0.471 p 0.01) with cardiovascular risk variables. Conclusion: A relationship between the variables of cardiovascular risk and qualities such as strength and aerobic capacity is observed, being physical fitness variables risk predictors.Introduction: This study aimed to determine the relationship between physical condition and indirect indicators of cardiovascular risk in children and young people with intellectual disabilities. Materials and Methods: The study was an observational cross-sectional one, which evaluated the physical condition of 175 students with intellectual disabilities, using the Brockport Physical Fitness battery for children under 18 years of age. For those over 18 years, the same tests were used, but with age scales. For the statistical analysis, normality tests and Pearson correlation were applied with the statistics program SPSS 20.1 version, with 95 % confidence levels. Results: In body composition, a population older than 18 years had higher values than those under 18 years. In children under 18 years of age, a direct correlation was observed between the anthropometric variables, forming a high cardiovascular risk (r = 0.77 p 0.01); a negative correlation was observed between anthropometric variables with aerobic power and strength (r = -0.423, r = -0.593 p 0.01). In the population over 18 years of age, there was a negative correlation between arm strength (r = -0.60 p 0.01) and aerobic power (r = -0.471 p 0.01) with cardiovascular risk variables. Conclusion: A relationship between the variables of cardiovascular risk and qualities such as strength and aerobic capacity is observed, being physical fitness variables risk predictors