Siembra de pasturas : ¿cuánto, cuándo y cómo?

En nuestros sistemas de producción las pasturas son un recurso clave por su aporte de forraje con alto valor nutritivo y con un costo por kilogramo de materia seca comparativamente menor que otros alimentos. Bajo costo por kilo de materia seca, alta inversión inicial Actualmente, inicios de 2019, la siembra de las pasturas puras de alfalfa y base alfalfa tienen un costo aproximado entre $10.000 y$ 14.000/hectárea dependiendo del manejo agronómico. Es decir que si bien el costo por kilogramo de materia seca es bajo ($ 0,50-0,70), requiere una alta inversión al momento de la siembra. Es fundamental dar importancia a las prácticas que permitirán lograr una buena implantación.EEA PergaminoFil: Mattera, Juan. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino. Forrajeras; ArgentinaFil: Camarasa, Jonatan. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino. Forrajeras; ArgentinaFil: Pacente, Ezequiel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino. Forrajeras; ArgentinaFil: Gastaldi, Laura. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; Argentin

Anti-HIV-1 activity of a tripodal receptor that recognizes mannose oligomers

The glycoprotein gp120 of the HIV-1 viral envelope has a high content in mannose residues, particularly ¿-1,2-mannose oligomers. Compounds that interact with these high-mannose type glycans may disturb the interaction between gp120 and its (co)receptors and are considered potential anti-HIV agents. Previously, we demonstrated that a tripodal receptor (1), with a central scaffold of 1,3,5-triethylbenzene substituted with three 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzoyl groups, selectively recognizes ¿-1,2-mannose polysaccharides. Here we present additional studies to determine the anti-HIV-1 activity and the mechanism of antiviral activity of this compound. Our studies indicate that 1 shows anti-HIV-1 activity in the low micromolar range and has pronounced gp120 binding and HIV-1 integrase inhibitory capacity. However, gp120 binding rather than integrase inhibition seems to be the primary mechanism of antiviral activity of 1.The Spanish MICINN/MINECO (Project: SAF 201239760-C02-01, co-financed by the FEDER programme); Plan Nacional de Cooperación Público-Privada. Subprograma INNPACTO (IPT-2012-0213-060000, co-financed by the FEDER programme) and the Comunidad de Madrid (BIPEDD2-CM-S2010/BMD-2457) are acknowledged for fi nancial support. The Spanish ICINN/MINECCO is also acknowledged for a grant to E. Rivero-Buceta. We thank Leentje Persoons, Frieda De Meyer, Leen Ingels, Stijn Delmotte, Katrien Geerts, and Inge Vliegen for excellent technical assistance. Financial support of KU Leuven (GOA 10/14; PF 10/18) and the FWO (G-0528.12N) was provided for the antiviral experiments. The integrase studies were supported by the Center for Cancer Research, the Intramural Program of the National Cancer Institute,NIH (Z01-BC 007333).Peer Reviewe

Effect of the Growth Assessment Protocol on the DEtection of Small for GestatioNal age fetus: process evaluation from the DESiGN cluster randomised trial

BACKGROUND: Reducing the rate of stillbirth is an international priority. At least half of babies stillborn in high-income countries are small for gestational-age (SGA). The Growth Assessment Protocol (GAP), a complex antenatal intervention that aims to increase the rate of antenatal detection of SGA, was evaluated in the DESiGN type 2 hybrid effectiveness-implementation cluster randomised trial (n = 13 clusters). In this paper, we present the trial process evaluation. METHODS: A mixed-methods process evaluation was conducted. Clinical leads and frontline healthcare professionals were interviewed to inform understanding of context (implementing and standard care sites) and GAP implementation (implementing sites). Thematic analysis of interview text used the context and implementation of complex interventions framework to understand acceptability, feasibility, and the impact of context. A review of implementing cluster clinical guidelines, training and maternity records was conducted to assess fidelity, dose and reach. RESULTS: Interviews were conducted with 28 clinical leads and 27 frontline healthcare professionals across 11 sites. Staff at implementing sites generally found GAP to be acceptable but raised issues of feasibility, caused by conflicting demands on resource, and variable beliefs among clinical leaders regarding the intervention value. GAP was implemented with variable fidelity (concordance of local guidelines to GAP was high at two sites, moderate at two and low at one site), all sites achieved the target to train > 75% staff using face-to-face methods, but only one site trained > 75% staff using e-learning methods; a median of 84% (range 78–87%) of women were correctly risk stratified at the five implementing sites. Most sites achieved high scores for reach (median 94%, range 62–98% of women had a customised growth chart), but generally, low scores for dose (median 31%, range 8–53% of low-risk women and median 5%, range 0–17% of high-risk women) were monitored for SGA as recommended. CONCLUSIONS: Implementation of GAP was generally acceptable to staff but with issues of feasibility that are likely to have contributed to variation in implementation strength. Leadership and resourcing are fundamental to effective implementation of clinical service changes, even when such changes are well aligned to policy mandated service-change priorities. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Primary registry and trial identifying number: ISRCTN 67698474. Registered 02/11/16. https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN67698474

Oxygen dependence of metabolic fluxes and energy generation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae CEN.PK113-1A

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The yeast <it>Saccharomyces cerevisiae </it>is able to adjust to external oxygen availability by utilizing both respirative and fermentative metabolic modes. Adjusting the metabolic mode involves alteration of the intracellular metabolic fluxes that are determined by the cell's multilevel regulatory network. Oxygen is a major determinant of the physiology of <it>S. cerevisiae </it>but understanding of the oxygen dependence of intracellular flux distributions is still scarce.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Metabolic flux distributions of <it>S. cerevisiae </it>CEN.PK113-1A growing in glucose-limited chemostat cultures at a dilution rate of 0.1 h^-1with 20.9%, 2.8%, 1.0%, 0.5% or 0.0% O₂in the inlet gas were quantified by ¹³C-MFA. Metabolic flux ratios from fractional [U-¹³C]glucose labelling experiments were used to solve the underdetermined MFA system of central carbon metabolism of <it>S. cerevisiae</it>.</p> <p>While ethanol production was observed already in 2.8% oxygen, only minor differences in the flux distribution were observed, compared to fully aerobic conditions. However, in 1.0% and 0.5% oxygen the respiratory rate was severely restricted, resulting in progressively reduced fluxes through the TCA cycle and the direction of major fluxes to the fermentative pathway. A redistribution of fluxes was observed in all branching points of central carbon metabolism. Yet only when oxygen provision was reduced to 0.5%, was the biomass yield exceeded by the yields of ethanol and CO₂. Respirative ATP generation provided 59% of the ATP demand in fully aerobic conditions and still a substantial 25% in 0.5% oxygenation. An extensive redistribution of fluxes was observed in anaerobic conditions compared to all the aerobic conditions. Positive correlation between the transcriptional levels of metabolic enzymes and the corresponding fluxes in the different oxygenation conditions was found only in the respirative pathway.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>¹³C-constrained MFA enabled quantitative determination of intracellular fluxes in conditions of different redox challenges without including redox cofactors in metabolite mass balances. A redistribution of fluxes was observed not only for respirative, respiro-fermentative and fermentative metabolisms, but also for cells grown with 2.8%, 1.0% and 0.5% oxygen. Although the cellular metabolism was respiro-fermentative in each of these low oxygen conditions, the actual amount of oxygen available resulted in different contributions through respirative and fermentative pathways.</p

Pregnancy and neonatal outcomes of COVID-19: The PAN-COVID study

Objective To assess perinatal outcomes for pregnancies affected by suspected or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods Prospective, web-based registry. Pregnant women were invited to participate if they had suspected or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection between 1st January 2020 and 31st March 2021 to assess the impact of infection on maternal and perinatal outcomes including miscarriage, stillbirth, fetal growth restriction, pre-term birth and transmission to the infant. Results Between April 2020 and March 2021, the study recruited 8239 participants who had suspected or confirmed SARs-CoV-2 infection episodes in pregnancy between January 2020 and March 2021. Maternal death affected 14/8197 (0.2%) participants, 176/8187 (2.2%) of participants required ventilatory support. Pre-eclampsia affected 389/8189 (4.8%) participants, eclampsia was reported in 40/ 8024 (0.5%) of all participants. Stillbirth affected 35/8187 (0.4 %) participants. In participants delivering within 2 weeks of delivery 21/2686 (0.8 %) were affected by stillbirth compared with 8/4596 (0.2 %) delivering ≥ 2 weeks after infection (95 % CI 0.3–1.0). SGA affected 744/7696 (9.3 %) of livebirths, FGR affected 360/8175 (4.4 %) of all pregnancies. Pre-term birth occurred in 922/8066 (11.5%), the majority of these were indicated pre-term births, 220/7987 (2.8%) participants experienced spontaneous pre-term births. Early neonatal deaths affected 11/8050 livebirths. Of all neonates, 80/7993 (1.0%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Conclusions Infection was associated with indicated pre-term birth, most commonly for fetal compromise. The overall proportions of women affected by SGA and FGR were not higher than expected, however there was the proportion affected by stillbirth in participants delivering within 2 weeks of infection was significantly higher than those delivering ≥ 2 weeks after infection. We suggest that clinicians’ threshold for delivery should be low if there are concerns with fetal movements or fetal heart rate monitoring in the time around infection

Lien entre l'âgisme et la peur de la mort: étude de l'impact d'une décentration de soi dans le futur sur les attitudes négatives envers les personnes âgées

A travers les données de la littérature, on sait que les personnes âgées sont associées à la mort ce qui génère de la peur et un besoin de distanciation. L'objectif de cette recherche était d'observer l'effet de l'induction d'une décentration de soi dans un futur proche (young adult moment) et dans un futur lointain (senior moment) sur la perceptions des capacités des cibles âgées. Nous avons aussi étudié l'effet que peuvent avoir sur ces évaluations différentes descriptions des cibles âgées en termes de chaleur et de compétence. Les résultats indiquent qu'une décentration de soi dans un soi futur lointain ne suscite pas d'anxiété et n'impacte pas l'évaluation d'une cible âgée. Aussi, nous avons trouvé que peu importe sa description en termes de chaleur et de compétence, une cible âgée n'est pas évaluée différemment d'une cible jeune

The histone demethylase KDM6B fine-tunes the host response to Streptococcus pneumoniae

International audienceStreptococcus pneumoniae is a natural colonizer of the human respiratory tract and an opportunistic pathogen. Although epithelial cells are among the first to encounter pneumococci, the cellular processes and contribution of epithelial cells to the host response are poorly understood. Here, we show that a S. pneumoniae serotype 6B ST90 strain, which does not cause disease in a murine infection model, induces a unique NF-κB signature response distinct from an invasive-disease-causing isolate of serotype 4 (TIGR4). This signature is characterized by activation of p65 and requires a histone demethylase KDM6B. We show, molecularly, that the interaction of the 6B strain with epithelial cells leads to chromatin remodelling within the IL-11 promoter in a KDM6B-dependent manner, where KDM6B specifically demethylates histone H3 lysine 27 dimethyl. Remodelling of the IL-11 locus facilitates p65 access to three NF-κB sites that are otherwise inaccessible when stimulated by IL-1β or TIGR4. Finally, we demonstrate through chemical inhibition of KDM6B with GSK-J4 inhibitor and through exogenous addition of IL-11 that the host responses to the 6B ST90 and TIGR4 strains can be interchanged both in vitro and in a murine model of infection in vivo. Our studies therefore reveal how a chromatin modifier governs cellular responses during infection

Formulación, evaluación y monitoreo de proyectos de inversión privada en espacios públicos municipalidad de rosario.

n.d.Fil: Rodriguez Garay Ruben - Facultad Ciencias Económicas y Estadística - Universidad Nacional de Rosario - Argentin

Imágenes de España. País, Empresas, Cultura

International audienceImágenes de España. País, Empresas, Cultura Esta obra analiza la marca España y cómo se percibe el made in Spain en el exterior. El texto aborda entre otros temas: La marca España, la imagen y la marca-país, las campañas de Turespaña, la imagen del arte contemporáneo español en el exterior, el idioma español y, además, se analizan empresas como El Corte Inglés, Mercadona, BBVA y SEAT, entre otras.Images d'Espagne. Pays, Entreprises, Culture Cette ouvrage étudie la marque Espagne et comment s'aperçoit le made in Spain dans le monde. Le texte aborde entre autres thèmes: La marque Espagne, l'image et la marque-pays, les campagnes de Turespaña, l'image de l'art contemporain espagnol en l'extérieur, de la langue espagnole et des entreprises espagnoles (El Corte Inglés, Mercadona, BBVA et SEAT

Imágenes de España. País, Empresas, Cultura

International audienceImágenes de España. País, Empresas, Cultura Esta obra analiza la marca España y cómo se percibe el made in Spain en el exterior. El texto aborda entre otros temas: La marca España, la imagen y la marca-país, las campañas de Turespaña, la imagen del arte contemporáneo español en el exterior, el idioma español y, además, se analizan empresas como El Corte Inglés, Mercadona, BBVA y SEAT, entre otras.Images d'Espagne. Pays, Entreprises, Culture Cette ouvrage étudie la marque Espagne et comment s'aperçoit le made in Spain dans le monde. Le texte aborde entre autres thèmes: La marque Espagne, l'image et la marque-pays, les campagnes de Turespaña, l'image de l'art contemporain espagnol en l'extérieur, de la langue espagnole et des entreprises espagnoles (El Corte Inglés, Mercadona, BBVA et SEAT