Desarrollo de materiales poliméricos porosos mediante electrohilado

Si el diámetro de las fibras que forman una matriz de polímero se reduce desde una escala micrométrica a nanométrica, se produce una serie de características extraordinarias. Entre estas características se encuentran un gran aumento en el área superficial (del orden de 1000 veces mayor), una mayor flexibilidad de la funcionalidad de la superficie y una mejor resistencia mecánica (por ejemplo, rigidez, resistencia a la tracción). Estas propiedades hacen que las matrices de polímeros nanofibrilares sean excelentes candidatos en muchas aplicaciones de gran importancia, que incluyen aplicaciones químicas, alimentarias, farmacéuticas, electrónicas o biomédicas. Hay varios parámetros que están íntimamente relacionados con las propiedades y características de las fibras obtenidas mediante electrospinning, por lo que su control durante la ejecución del proceso es indispensable. Juegan un papel importante en la formación y estructura de las fibras. En el siguiente trabajo, procedemos a estudiar tres variables del proceso de electrohilado; en primer lugar, se estudiará el efecto de la concentración del disolvente; en segundo lugar, se estudiará cómo las nanofibras obtenidas afectan a un cambio en el valor de la diferencia de potencial aplicada; y, finalmente, se estudiará el efecto producido por la humedad en el ambiente.If the diameter of the fibers that form a polymer matrix is reduced from a micrometric to nanometric scale, a series of extraordinary features take place. Among these features are a huge increase in surface area (in the order of 1000 times higher), a greater flexibility of the surface functionality and a better mechanical resistance (e.g. rigidity, tensile strength). These properties make nanofibrillary polymer matrices excellent candidates in many applications of great importance, including chemical, food, pharmaceutical, electronic or biomedical applications. There are several parameters that are intimately related to the properties and characteristics of the fibers obtained by means of electrospinning, so their control during the execution of the process is indispensable. They play an important role in the formation and structure of fibers. In the following work we proceed to study three variables of the electrospinning process; firstly, the effect of the concentration of the solvent will be studied; secondly, it will be studied how the nanofibers obtained affect a change in the value of the applied potential difference; and, finally, the effect produced by humidity in the environment will be studied.Plan Propio de la Universidad de Sevilla Proyecto: 2017/00000962Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España) CTQ2015-71164-

APOSTEL 2.0 Recommendations for Reporting Quantitative Optical Coherence Tomography Studies.

OBJECTIVE To update the consensus recommendations for reporting of quantitative optical coherence tomography (OCT) study results, thus revising the previously published Advised Protocol for OCT Study Terminology and Elements (APOSTEL) recommendations. METHODS To identify studies reporting quantitative OCT results, we performed a PubMed search for the terms "quantitative" and "optical coherence tomography" from 2015 to 2017. Corresponding authors of the identified publications were invited to provide feedback on the initial APOSTEL recommendations via online surveys following the principle of a modified Delphi method. The results were evaluated and discussed by a panel of experts and changes to the initial recommendations were proposed. A final survey was recirculated among the corresponding authors to obtain a majority vote on the proposed changes. RESULTS A total of 116 authors participated in the surveys, resulting in 15 suggestions, of which 12 were finally accepted and incorporated into an updated 9-point checklist. We harmonized the nomenclature of the outer retinal layers, added the exact area of measurement to the description of volume scans, and suggested reporting device-specific features. We advised to address potential bias in manual segmentation or manual correction of segmentation errors. References to specific reporting guidelines and room light conditions were removed. The participants' consensus with the recommendations increased from 80% for the previous APOSTEL version to greater than 90%. CONCLUSIONS The modified Delphi method resulted in an expert-led guideline (evidence Class III; Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations [GRADE] criteria) concerning study protocol, acquisition device, acquisition settings, scanning protocol, funduscopic imaging, postacquisition data selection, postacquisition analysis, nomenclature and abbreviations, and statistical approach. It will be essential to update these recommendations to new research and practices regularly

A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)

Meeting abstrac

Discutindo a educação ambiental no cotidiano escolar: desenvolvimento de projetos na escola formação inicial e continuada de professores

A presente pesquisa buscou discutir como a Educação Ambiental (EA) vem sendo trabalhada, no Ensino Fundamental e como os docentes desta escola compreendem e vem inserindo a EA no cotidiano escolar., em uma escola estadual do município de Tangará da Serra/MT, Brasil. Para tanto, realizou-se entrevistas com os professores que fazem parte de um projeto interdisciplinar de EA na escola pesquisada. Verificou-se que o projeto da escola não vem conseguindo alcançar os objetivos propostos por: desconhecimento do mesmo, pelos professores; formação deficiente dos professores, não entendimento da EA como processo de ensino-aprendizagem, falta de recursos didáticos, planejamento inadequado das atividades. A partir dessa constatação, procurou-se debater a impossibilidade de tratar do tema fora do trabalho interdisciplinar, bem como, e principalmente, a importância de um estudo mais aprofundado de EA, vinculando teoria e prática, tanto na formação docente, como em projetos escolares, a fim de fugir do tradicional vínculo “EA e ecologia, lixo e horta”.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

A Walkable Urban Environment to Prevent Chronic Diseases and Improve Wellbeing, an Experience of Urban Health in the Local Health Unit Roma 1

Cities play a vital role in promoting health, as most of the world’s population lives in urban areas. Urbanization and city planning are both factors that must be considered to improve the health of communities. Walkability is a measure of how friendly an area is to walk. The Walking Suitability Index of the Territory (T-WSI) measures the pedestrian viability of the streets of a environmental islands. It includes 12 indicators, distributed into four categories: practicability, safety, urbanity, pleasantness. The goal of this study is to establish a model of connection between universities, local authorities, and health institutions to improve the walkability of urban areas. Five Environmental Islands were identified in the Municipality of Roma Capitale. First step concerned multidisciplinary training, sharing the goal between professionals in both the health and non-health fields. The theoretical acquisition, for Public Health personnel, on the use of the “walkability” assessment tool T-WSI was concretized by applying the assessment in training inspections. The on-site measurements showed that the main critical issues in terms of unfavorable factors for walking are the obstacles on the sidewalks, concerning the safety of pedestrian crossings and protection from vehicular speed. Measurement was associated with a characterization based on census data, obtained from satellite imagery. It is important to develop tools that are easy to apply and that can be easily used, also by health personnel. This is necessary in the light of recent developments in the Italian regulatory framework, and international guidelines, toward a growing integration of professional skills with the common objective of Urban Health. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

Solar insolation in springtime influences age of onset of bipolar I disorder

Objective: To confirm prior findings that the larger the maximum monthly increase in solar insolation in springtime, the younger the age of onset of bipolar disorder. Method: Data were collected from 5536 patients at 50 sites in 32 countries on six continents. Onset occurred at 456 locations in 57 countries. Variables included solar insolation, birth-cohort, family history, polarity of first episode and country physician density. Results: There was a significant, inverse association between the maximum monthly increase in solar insolation at the onset location, and the age of onset. This effect was reduced in those without a family history of mood disorders and with a first episode of mania rather than depression. The maximum monthly increase occurred in springtime. The youngest birth-cohort had the youngest age of onset. All prior relationships were confirmed using both the entire sample, and only the youngest birth-cohort (all estimated coefficients P < 0.001). Conclusion: A large increase in springtime solar insolation may impact the onset of bipolar disorder, especially with a family history of mood disorders. Recent societal changes that affect light exposure (LED lighting, mobile devices backlit with LEDs) may influence adaptability to a springtime circadian challenge