328 research outputs found
Scale for environmental attitude in physical aActivities in natural environments
La realización de actividades físico-deportivas en el medio natural
debe conllevar una actitud de respeto hacia el medioambiente entre
los participantes. El objetivo de este artículo es diseñar y validar un
instrumento para valorar la actitud ambiental generada en este tipo
de prácticas en ámbitos formativos. El cuestionario se concretó en
16 ítems con 5 opciones de respuesta (1, Nada de acuerdo; 5, Muy
de acuerdo). Para la validación de la escala se contó con una muestra
de 162 estudiantes universitarios de titulaciones relacionadas con
la actividad física y el deporte (grado o máster en Ciencias de la
Actividad Física y el Deporte), que han cursado alguna asignatura
relacionada con las actividades físicas en el medio natural. La fiabilidad
obtenida con el α de Cronbach fue de 0.75. Los resultados
obtenidos muestran que la escala de actitudes hacia el medioambiente
en la práctica de actividades físico-deportivas en el medio natural
es un instrumento válido y fiable para valorar la actitud hacia el
medioambiente en la participación en actividades físico-deportivas
en el medio natural, desde un modelo ecológico. Las conclusiones
extraídas, tras su construcción, indican la conveniencia de revisar
si las actividades físicas en el medio natural se desarrollan desde
una perspectiva sostenible para que, en el caso de que no sea así, se
apliquen las estrategias necesarias para su transformaciónEngaging in physical-sport activities in nature should lead
to an attitude of respect for the environment among participants.
The objective of this article is to design and validate
an instrument to assess the environmental attitude generated
in this kind of practice within the sphere of training.
The questionnaire has 16 items with 5 response choices (1,
totally disagree to 5, totally agree). To validate the scale,
a sample was used of 162 university students in degrees
related to physical activity and sport (Bachelor’s or Master’s
in Physical Activity and Sport Sciences) who were
taking a course related to physical activities in nature. The
reliability obtained with the Cronbach’s α was 0.75. The
results show that the scale of attitudes towards the environment
in the practice of physical-sport activities in nature
is a valid, reliable instrument from an ecological model.
After its construction, the conclusions extracted indicate
the advisability of checking whether physical activities in
nature are carried out from a sustainable perspective so
that if they are not, the strategies needed to transform them
can be applie
Social participation of the elders in Europe: the influence of individual and contextual variables.
This study analyzes the social participation of older people based on individual and contextual variables. For this purpose the data of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) in particular waves 1, 2 and 4 have been used. A four-level model with fixed and random effects was carried out. The model obtained shows the effect of individual variables: a greater participation in more recent waves, in ages between 60-70 years and the effect of variables such as cognitive functioning, years of education and health self-perception. But significant differences were also found in participation in contextual variables and between countries. These results are important for public policy managers, who must take into account not only individual variables, but also contextual variables, which explain the differences in the participation rate of the elderly.pre-print1693 K
Multifunctional probes for high-throughput measurement of Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity at room temperature
An apparatus capable of rapid measurement of the Seebeck coefficient and electrical resistivity at
room temperature is reported. The novel aspect of this apparatus is the use of 4 multifunctional probes
that comprise a junction of two conductors at the tip and serve as both thermocouples and electrical
contacts. In addition, one of the probes has a built-in heater that can establish a temperature gradient in
the sample for the Seebeck measurement. The technique does not require special sample geometries
or preparation of contacts and is suitable for bulk and thin film materials. Together with automated
sample stage and data acquisition, the equipment is able to measure both the Seebeck coefficient and
electrical resistivity in less than 20 s with good accuracy. Less than 5% and 4% relative errors were
found for the measurement of the Seebeck coefficient and electrical resistivity, respectively. This
makes the apparatus especially useful for high throughput evaluation of thermoelectric materials.The authors wish to acknowledge financial support from
the Accelerated Metallurgy Project, which is co-funded by
the European Commission in the 7th Framework Programme
(Contract No. NMP4-LA-2011-263206), by the European
Space Agency and by the individual partner organizations.
Moreover, the assistance of the electrical and mechanical
workshops from the Cardiff School of Engineering is
acknowledged
Vitamin C activates young LINE-1 elements in mouse embryonic stem cells via H3K9me3 demethylation
This work was supported by grants from the Wellcome Trust/Royal Soci‑
ety (101225/Z/13/Z) and MRC (MR/X008487/1) to M.R.B.; and BBSRC (BB/
T000031/1) to M.R.B. and J.M.F.Background
Vitamin C (vitC) enhances the activity of 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases, including TET enzymes, which catalyse DNA demethylation, and Jumonji-domain histone demethylases. The epigenetic remodelling promoted by vitC improves the efficiency of induced pluripotent stem cell derivation, and is required to attain a ground-state of pluripotency in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) that closely mimics the inner cell mass of the early blastocyst. However, genome-wide DNA and histone demethylation can lead to upregulation of transposable elements (TEs), and it is not known how vitC addition in culture media affects TE expression in pluripotent stem cells.
Results
Here we show that vitC increases the expression of several TE families, including evolutionarily young LINE-1 (L1) elements, in mouse ESCs. We find that TET activity is dispensable for L1 upregulation, and that instead it occurs largely as a result of H3K9me3 loss mediated by KDM4A/C histone demethylases. Despite increased L1 levels, we did not detect increased somatic insertion rates in vitC-treated cells. Notably, treatment of human ESCs with vitC also increases L1 protein levels, albeit through a distinct, post-transcriptional mechanism.
Conclusion
VitC directly modulates the expression of mouse L1s and other TEs through epigenetic mechanisms, with potential for downstream effects related to the multiple emerging roles of L1s in cellular function.Wellcome Trust/Royal Society (101225/Z/13/Z)MRC (MR/X008487/1)BBSRC (BB/T000031/1
Personality Factors as Predictors in Burnout Level Changes for Surgical Area Nurses
Surgical area nurses provide comprehensive care to patients throughout the surgical process.
Increases in life expectancy lead to the appearance and development of diseases, translating into an
increase in the number of necessary interventions. Increases in the workload can be another risk
factor for the development of burnout in professionals in this area. Knowledge of psychological
and personality-related variables provides relevant information of level changes in the dimensions
of burnout syndrome. Three logistic regression models, based on a cross-sectional study with
214 nurses working in the surgical area in the Andalusian Health Service, Spain, were built for
each dimension. These models included different variables related to depression and personality,
with some being significant at the population level and consequently true risk or protection factors.
Friendliness, responsibility and extraversion are protection factors for the personal accomplishment
dimension, whilst neuroticism is a risk factor for this dimension. Friendliness is also a protection
factor for depersonalization, whilst depression is a risk factor. Finally, neuroticism, responsibility
and depression are risk factors for the emotional exhaustion dimension of burnout. These findings
provide relevant information that makes anticipation of this syndrome in this group easier
Compassion Fatigue, Compassion Satisfaction, and Burnout in Oncology Nurses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Professionals working in cancer care are exposed to strong sources of stress. Due to
the special characteristics of this unit, the appearance of burnout, compassion fatigue, and low
compassion satisfaction is more likely. The principal aim was to analyze the levels and prevalence of
burnout, compassion fatigue, and low compassion satisfaction in oncology nurses and interventions
for its treatment. The search for the systematic review was done in Medline, ProQuest, Lilacs,
CINAHL, Scopus, Scielo, and PsycINFO databases, with the search equation “burnout AND nurs*
AND oncology AND compassion fatigue”. The results obtained from the 15 studies confirmed that
there are levels of risk of suffering burnout and compassion fatigue among nursing professionals,
affecting more women and nurses with more years of experience, with nurses from oncology units
having one of the highest levels of burnout and compassion fatigue. The oncology nurse sample was
n = 900. The meta-analytic estimations were 19% for low compassion satisfaction, 56% for medium
and high burnout, BO, and 60% for medium and high compassion fatigue. The increase in cases of
burnout and compassion fatigue in nursing staff can be prevented and minimized with a correct
evaluation and development of intervention programs, considering that there are more women than
men and that they seem to be more vulnerable
Estimating uncertainty in density surface models
This work was funded by OPNAV N45 and the SURTASS LFA Settlement Agreement, and being managed by the U.S. Navy’s Living Marine Resources program under Contract No. N39430-17-C-1982.Providing uncertainty estimates for predictions derived from species distribution models is essential for management but there is little guidance on potential sources of uncertainty in predictions and how best to combine these. Here we show where uncertainty can arise in density surface models (a multi-stage spatial modelling approach for distance sampling data), focussing on cetacean density modelling. We propose an extensible, modular, hybrid analytical-simulation approach to encapsulate these sources. We provide example analyses of fin whales Balaenoptera physalus in the California Current Ecosystem.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
Stau detection at neutrino telescopes in scenarios with supersymmetric dark matter
We have studied the detection of long-lived staus at the IceCube neutrino
telescope, after their production inside the Earth through the inelastic
scattering of high energy neutrinos. The theoretical predictions for the stau
flux are calculated in two scenarios in which the presence of long-lived staus
is naturally associated to viable supersymmetric dark matter. Namely, we
consider the cases with superWIMP (gravitino or axino) and neutralino dark
matter (along the coannihilation region). In both scenarios the maximum value
of the stau flux turns out to be about 1 event/yr in regions with a light stau.
This is consistent with light gravitinos, with masses constrained by an upper
limit which ranges from 0.2 to 15 GeV, depending on the stau mass. Likewise, it
is compatible with axinos with a mass of about 1 GeV and a very low reheating
temperature of order 100 GeV. In the case of the neutralino dark matter this
favours regions with a low value of tan(beta), for which the neutralino-stau
coannihilation region occurs for smaller values of the stau mass. Finally, we
study the case of a general supergravity theory and show how for specific
choices of non-universal soft parameters the predicted stau flux can increase
moderately.Comment: 26 pages, 7 figures. References added and minor changes. Final
version to appear in JCA
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