Outros tempos, outras hist?rias : kair?s, manifesto, crise.

Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Hist?ria. Departamento de Hist?ria, Instituto de Ci?ncias Humanas e Sociais, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto.Toda concep??o de hist?ria est? sustentada em uma compreens?o de tempo. Esta tese prop?e a categoria historicidades kairol?gicas para caracterizar as modalidades da experi?ncia da hist?ria cujo sentido temporal se funda na no??o de kair?s. Argumento que as historicidades kairol?gicas possuem um estatuto meta-hist?rico: por um lado, a categoria delimita uma dimens?o espec?fica da historicidade da exist?ncia em geral; por outro, ela abre tal dimens?o para a compreens?o hist?rica, sendo aplic?vel para a an?lise de objetos que manifestam na linguagem formas kairol?gicas de temporaliza??o da hist?ria. A hip?tese ? que o manifesto, como g?nero textual, se notabiliza pela capacidade de organizar poeticamente as historicidades kairol?gicas. A rela??o entre kair?s e manifesto se d? pela media??o de um terceiro conceito operat?rio: a crise. Defendo que o sentido hist?rico-temporal de crise somente pode ser adequadamente compreendido a partir da assimetria entre cronos e kair?s. Portanto, a constru??o da categoria historicidades kairol?gicas ? feita por meio da demonstra??o da contiguidade l?gica, temporal e hist?rica existente entre kair?s, manifesto e crise. A tese desdobra os potenciais anal?ticos das historicidades kairol?gicas por meio de uma dupla abordagem: uma exposi??o sint?tica da hist?ria do g?nero manifest?rio; e uma an?lise verticalizada do manifesto The Kairos Document (?frica do Sul, 1985). Ao fim, aponto para a potencial utilidade da categoria proposta na tese para pensar um tra?o central da autocompreens?o hist?rica das sociedades contempor?neas globais, a saber, que vivemos ?em tempos de crise?.Every conception of history is grounded on an understanding of time. This thesis proposes the category kairological historicities to characterize the modalities of historical experience whose temporal meaning is based on the notion of kairos. I argue that the kairological historicities is a meta-historical category: on the one hand, it delimitates a specific dimension proper to the historicity of existence in general; on the other, it opens up that dimension to historical understanding, thus being useful to analyzing objects that manifest in language the kairological forms of temporalizing history. The hypothesis is that the manifesto, as a textual genre, is notable for its ability to organize poetically the kairological historicities. The relationship between manifesto and kairos occurs through the mediation of a third, operative concept: crisis. I claim that the historical-temporal meaning of crisis can only be properly grasped from the asymmetry between cronos and kairos. Therefore, the construction of the kairological historicities as a meta-historical category is made by demonstrating the logical, temporal and historical contiguity between kairos, manifesto, and crisis. The thesis unfolds the analytical potentials of the proposed category through a double approach: a synthetic exposition of the history of the genre; and a vertical analysis of the manifesto The Kairos Document (South Africa, 1985). In the end, I point to the potential usefulness of the kairological historicities to think about a central feature in the historical self-understanding of contemporary global societies, namely, that we are living ?in times of crisis?

De cofre n?o tem mais que o nome : a Provedoria das Fazendas dos Defuntos e Ausentes no Brasil Colonial (s?culos XVI-XVIII).

Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Hist?ria. Departamento de Hist?ria, Instituto de Ci?ncias Humanas e Sociais, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto.Esta tese de doutoramento se prop?e a analisar a Provedoria das Fazendas dos Defuntos e Ausentes, Capelas e Res?duos no Brasil colonial. Isso envolve diretamente o papel desempenhado por tal institui??o tanto no cumprimento quanto na administra??o das disposi??es testament?rias, fossem aquelas referentes aos legados pios ou as concernentes ? transmiss?o dos esp?lios para os herdeiros. Pretende-se avaliar os significados sociais, econ?micos e espirituais da Provedoria, bem como o que ela representou em termos de pol?tica e administra??o do governo portugu?s em terras bras?licas. Essa empreitada envolve tamb?m a compreens?o de outros aspectos relacionados ? din?mica do dito ju?zo, tais como as pr?ticas institucionais dos seus membros no exerc?cio cotidiano de suas atribui??es, as rela??es dos diversos oficiais com os grupos de poderes locais e com outras autoridades rein?is, os desvios de conduta e os conflitos entre a norma e a pr?tica.This doctorate thesis proposes to analyze the Provider of the wealths of the Dead and Absentees, Chapels and Residues in the colonial Brazil. This directly involves the role played by such institution both in fulfillment and administration of the testamentary dispositions, being them concerned to the pious legacies or to the spoils to be passed to the heirs. The intent here is to evaluate the social, economic and spiritual meanings of the Provider, as well as what it represented in terms of politics and administration of the Portuguese rule in the Brazilian lands. This task also involves the comprehension of other aspects related to the dynamics of such judgement, such as the institutional practices of its members in their daily doings, the relations of the several officers with the groups of local and other authorities, the misconducts and also the conflicts between norm and practice

Thermographic imaging in sports and exercise medicine: A Delphi study and consensus statement on the measurement of human skin temperature

This is an accepted manuscript of an article published by Elsevier in Journal of Thermal Biology on 18/07/2017, available online: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2017.07.006 The accepted version of the publication may differ from the final published version.© 2017 Elsevier Ltd The importance of using infrared thermography (IRT) to assess skin temperature (tsk) is increasing in clinical settings. Recently, its use has been increasing in sports and exercise medicine; however, no consensus guideline exists to address the methods for collecting data in such situations. The aim of this study was to develop a checklist for the collection of tsk using IRT in sports and exercise medicine. We carried out a Delphi study to set a checklist based on consensus agreement from leading experts in the field. Panelists (n  =  24) representing the areas of sport science (n = 8; 33%), physiology (n = 7; 29%), physiotherapy (n = 3; 13%) and medicine (n = 6; 25%), from 13 different countries completed the Delphi process. An initial list of 16 points was proposed which was rated and commented on by panelists in three rounds of anonymous surveys following a standard Delphi procedure. The panel reached consensus on 15 items which encompassed the participants’ demographic information, camera/room or environment setup and recording/analysis of tsk using IRT. The results of the Delphi produced the checklist entitled “Thermographic Imaging in Sports and Exercise Medicine (TISEM)” which is a proposal to standardize the collection and analysis of tsk data using IRT. It is intended that the TISEM can also be applied to evaluate bias in thermographic studies and to guide practitioners in the use of this technique.Published versio

Topical and Systemic Cannabidiol Improves Trinitrobenzene Sulfonic Acid Colitis in Mice

Background/Aims: Compounds of Cannabis sativa are known to exert anti-inflammatory properties, some of them without inducing psychotropic side effects. Cannabidiol (CBD) is such a side effect-free phytocannabinoid that improves chemically induced colitis in rodents when given intraperitoneally. Here, we tested the possibility whether rectal and oral application of CBD would also ameliorate colonic inflammation, as these routes of application may represent a more appropriate way for delivering drugs in human colitis. Methods: Colitis was induced in CD1 mice by trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid. Individual groups were either treated with CBD intraperitoneally (10 mg/kg), orally (20 mg/kg) or intrarectally (20 mg/kg). Colitis was evaluated by macroscopic scoring, histopathology and the myeloperoxidase (MPO) assay. Results: Intraperitoneal treatment of mice with CBD led to improvement of colonic inflammation. Intrarectal treatment with CBD also led to a significant improvement of disease parameters and to a decrease in MPO activity while oral treatment, using the same dose as per rectum, had no ameliorating effect on colitis. Conclusion: The data of this study indicate that in addition to intraperitoneal application, intrarectal delivery of cannabinoids may represent a useful therapeutic administration route for the treatment of colonic inflammation. Copyright (C) 2012 S. Karger AG, Base

Antileukemic Activity and Molecular Docking Study of a Polyphenolic Extract from Coriander Seeds

Leukemia is a group of hematological neoplastic disorders linked to high mortality rates worldwide, but increasing resistance has led to the therapeutic failure of conventional chemotherapy. This study aimed to evaluate in vitro the antileukemic activity and potential mechanism of action of a polyphenolic extract obtained from the seeds of Coriandrum sativum L. (CSP). A methylthiazoletetrazolium assay was performed to assess the CSP cytotoxicity on chronic (K562) and acute (HL60) myeloid leukemia cell lines and on normal Vero cell line. CSP toxicity was also evaluated in vivo using the OECD 423 acute toxicity model on Swiss albino mice. The results demonstrated a remarkable antitumoral activity against K562 and HL60 cell lines (IC50 = 16.86 µM and 11.75 µM, respectively) although no cytotoxicity was observed for the Vero cells or mice. A silico study was performed on the following receptors that are highly implicated in the development of leukemia: ABL kinase, ABL1, BCL2, and FLT3. The molecular docking demonstrated a high affinity interaction between the principal CSP components and the receptors. Our findings demonstrated that CSP extract has remarkable antileukemic activity, which is mainly mediated by the flavonoids, catechins, and rutin, all of which showed the highest binding affinity for the targeted receptors. This study revealed a promising active compound alternative research-oriented biopharmacists to explore

Validating linkage of multiple population-based administrative databases in Brazil

BACKGROUND: Linking routinely-collected data provides an opportunity to measure the effects of exposures that occur before birth on maternal, fetal and infant outcomes. High quality linkage is a prerequisite for producing reliable results, and there are specific challenges in mother-baby linkage. Using population-based administrative databases from Brazil, this study aimed to estimate the accuracy of linkage between maternal deaths and birth outcomes and dengue notifications, and to identify potential sources of bias when assessing the risk of maternal death due to dengue in pregnancy. METHODS: We identified women with dengue during pregnancy in a previously linked dataset of dengue notifications in women who had experienced a live birth or stillbirth during 2007-2012. We then linked this dataset with maternal death records probabilistically using maternal name, age and municipality. We estimated the accuracy of the linkage, and examined the characteristics of false-matches and missed-matches to identify any sources of bias. RESULTS: Of the 10,259 maternal deaths recorded in 2007-2012, 6717 were linked: 5444 to a live birth record, 1306 to a stillbirth record, and 33 to both a live and stillbirth record. After identifying 2620 missed-matches and 124 false-matches, our estimated sensitivity was 72%, specificity was 88%, and positive predictive value was 98%. Linkage errors were associated with maternal education and self-identified race; women with more than 7 years of education or who self-declared as Caucasian were more likely to link. Dengue status was not associated with linkage error. CONCLUSION: Despite not having unique identifiers to link mothers and birth outcomes, we demonstrated a high standard of linkage, with sensitivity and specificity values comparable to previous literature. Although there were no differences in the characteristics of dengue cases missed or included in our linked dataset, linkage error occurred disproportionally by some social-demographic characteristics, which should be taken into account in future analyses

Facial onset sensory and motor neuronopathy: new cases, cognitive changes and pathophysiology

Purpose of review To improve our clinical understanding of facial onset sensory and motor neuronopathy (FOSMN). Recent findings We identified 29 new cases and 71 literature cases, resulting in a cohort of 100 patients with FOSMN. During follow-up, cognitive and behavioral changes became apparent in 8 patients, suggesting that changes within the spectrum of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are a part of the natural history of FOSMN. Another new finding was chorea, seen in 6 cases. Despite reports of autoantibodies, there is no consistent evidence to suggest an autoimmune pathogenesis. Four of 6 autopsies had TAR DNA-binding protein (TDP) 43 pathology. Seven cases had genetic mutations associated with neurodegenerative diseases. Summary FOSMN is a rare disease with a highly characteristic onset and pattern of disease progression involving initial sensory disturbances, followed by bulbar weakness with a cranial to caudal spread of pathology. Although not conclusive, the balance of evidence suggests that FOSMN is most likely to be a TDP-43 proteinopathy within the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis–FTD spectrum

Evaluation of record linkage of two large administrative databases in a middle income country: stillbirths and notifications of dengue during pregnancy in Brazil

BACKGROUND: Due to the increasing availability of individual-level information across different electronic datasets, record linkage has become an efficient and important research tool. High quality linkage is essential for producing robust results. The objective of this study was to describe the process of preparing and linking national Brazilian datasets, and to compare the accuracy of different linkage methods for assessing the risk of stillbirth due to dengue in pregnancy. METHODS: We linked mothers and stillbirths in two routinely collected datasets from Brazil for 2009–2010: for dengue in pregnancy, notifications of infectious diseases (SINAN); for stillbirths, mortality (SIM). Since there was no unique identifier, we used probabilistic linkage based on maternal name, age and municipality. We compared two probabilistic approaches, each with two thresholds: 1) a bespoke linkage algorithm; 2) a standard linkage software widely used in Brazil (ReclinkIII), and used manual review to identify further links. Sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV) were estimated using a subset of gold-standard data created through manual review. We examined the characteristics of false-matches and missed-matches to identify any sources of bias. RESULTS: From records of 678,999 dengue cases and 62,373 stillbirths, the gold-standard linkage identified 191 cases. The bespoke linkage algorithm with a conservative threshold produced 131 links, with sensitivity = 64.4% (68 missed-matches) and PPV = 92.5% (8 false-matches). Manual review of uncertain links identified an additional 37 links, increasing sensitivity to 83.7%. The bespoke algorithm with a relaxed threshold identified 132 true matches (sensitivity = 69.1%), but introduced 61 false-matches (PPV = 68.4%). ReclinkIII produced lower sensitivity and PPV than the bespoke linkage algorithm. Linkage error was not associated with any recorded study variables. CONCLUSION: Despite a lack of unique identifiers for linking mothers and stillbirths, we demonstrate a high standard of linkage of large routine databases from a middle income country. Probabilistic linkage and manual review were essential for accurately identifying cases for a case-control study, but this approach may not be feasible for larger databases or for linkage of more common outcomes