Compte rendu de l'atelier du 3 et 4 mai 2000 sur l'etude de faisabilité d'un programme d'amélioration des systèmes d'exploitation en zone cotonnière

L'atelier des 3 et 4 mai 2000 sur l'étude de faisabilité d'un programme d'amélioration des systèmes d'exploitation en zone cotonnière au Mali, a permis de présenter et de discuter le rapport provisoire de l'étude. Le présent compte-rendu contient : - la liste des participants, - le programme de l'atelier, - les contributions écrites de chacun des partenaires (CMDT, IER, IPR, APCAM, représentants des producteurs), - le compte-rendu des 3 groupes de travail, - la synthèse et résolution de l'atelier. Le rapport final de l'étude inclue des approfondissements sur certaines questions, suite à des interrogations soulevées lors de l'atelier. Le rapport final et le compte-rendu de l'atelier sont les matériaux qui serviront de bases de discussions aux différents acteurs et aux bailleurs de fonds pour élaborer un programme d'amélioration des systèmes de production en zone cotonnière. (Résumé d'auteur

Characterization of the Capsule Surrounding Smooth and Textured Tissue Expanders and Correlation with Contracture

Background:. Capsular contracture is a common complication after breast augmentation surgery. This study pathologically evaluated the soft-tissue response to surface modifications in both smooth and textured tissue expander prostheses. Methods:. Smooth tissue expanders and textured tissue expanders in 5 cases each were used for breast reconstruction after mastectomy. Histological samples were harvested from the capsules when the tissue expanders were replaced by silicone implants. Collagen orientation and cellular responses were assessed histologically. Capsular contracture was evaluated using the Baker classification 6 months and 2 years after the removal of the tissue expander. Results:. The capsules surrounding the smooth tissue expanders tended to produce more contracture than those surrounding the textured tissue expanders. The collagen architecture of the capsules of the smooth tissue expanders showed random orientation with fragmentation. Conversely, the capsules of the textured tissue expanders showed parallel orientation with collagen bundles of almost normal structure. Significantly more fibrils of elastin and myofibroblasts were found in the capsules surrounding the smooth tissue than in those surrounding the textured ones. Conclusions:. The collagen fibers surrounding the smooth tissue expanders could be cracked during expansion, which may lead to scarring and contracture. Conversely, the collagen orientation surrounding the textured tissue expanders was excellent. Moreover, the increase in elastic fibers and myofibroblasts in the capsules surrounding the smooth tissue expanders may be associated with in vivo contraction patterns. Therefore, the surface type of tissue expanders affects capsular contraction after replacement with definitive implants