3,883 research outputs found
SATURN'S INNER SATELLITES: ORBITS, MASSES, AND THE CHAOTIC MOTION OF ATLAS FROM NEW CASSINI IMAGING OBSERVATIONS
We present numerically-derived orbits and mass estimates for the inner
Saturnian satellites, Atlas, Prometheus, Pandora, Janus and Epimetheus from a
fit to 2580 new Cassini ISS astrometric observations spanning February 2004 to
August 2013. The observations are provided in a supplementary table. We
estimate GM_ Atlas=0.384+/-0.001 x 10^(-3)km^3s^(-2), a value 13% smaller than
the previously published estimate but with an order of magnitude reduction in
the uncertainty. We also find GM_ Prometheus=10.677+/-0.006x10(-3)km^3s^(-2),
GM_Pandora=9.133+/-0.009x10^(-3)km^3s^(-2),
GM_Janus=126.51+/-0.03x10^(-3)km^3s^(-2) and
GM_Epimetheus=35.110+/-0.009x10^(-3)km^3s^(-2), consistent with previously
published values, but also with significant reductions in uncertainties. We
show that Atlas is currently librating in both the 54:53
co-rotation-eccentricity resonance (CER) and the 54:53 inner Lindblad (ILR)
resonance with Prometheus, making it the latest example of a coupled CER-ILR
system, in common with the Saturnian satellites Anthe, Aegaeon and Methone, and
possibly Neptune's ring arcs. We further demonstrate that Atlas's orbit is
chaotic, with a Lyapunov time of ~10 years, and show that its chaotic behaviour
is a direct consequence of the coupled resonant interaction with Prometheus,
rather than being an indirect effect of the known chaotic interaction between
Prometheus and Pandora. We provide an updated analysis of the second-order
resonant perturbations involving Prometheus, Pandora and Epimetheus based on
the new observations, showing that these resonant arguments are librating only
when Epimetheus is the innermost of the co-orbital pair, Janus and Epimetheus.
We also find evidence that the known chaotic changes in the orbits of
Prometheus and Pandora are not confined to times of apse anti-alignement.Comment: 23 pages, 16 figures. Accepted for publication in The Astronomical
Journal 23 September 2014 (corrected Fig. 11
Phases of driven two-level systems with nonlocal dissipation
We study an array of two-level systems arranged on a lattice and illuminated
by an external plane wave which drives a dipolar transition between the two
energy levels. In this set up, the two-level systems are coupled by dipolar
interactions and subject to nonlocal dissipation, so behave as an open
many-body quantum system. We investigate the long-time dynamics of the system
at the mean-field level, and use this to determine a phase diagram as a
function of external drive and detuning. We find a multitude of phases
including antiferromagnetism, spin density waves, oscillations and phase
bistabilities. We investigate these phases in more detail and explain how
nonlocal dissipation plays a role in the long-time dynamics. Furthermore, we
discuss what features would survive in the full quantum description
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Decay rates and energies of free magnons and bound states in dissipative XXZ chains
Chains of coupled two-level atoms behave as 1D quantum spin systems,
exhibiting free magnons and magnon bound states. While these excitations are
well studied for closed systems, little consideration has been given to how
they are altered by the presence of an environment. This will be especially
important in systems that exhibit nonlocal dissipation, e.g. systems in which
the magnons decay due to optical emission. In this work, we consider free
magnon excitations and two-magnon bound states in an XXZ chain with nonlocal
dissipation. We prove that whilst the energy of the bound state can lie outside
the two-magnon continuum of energies, the decay rate of the bound state has to
always lie within the two-magnon continuum of decay rates. We then derive
analytically the bound state solutions for a system with nearest-neighbour and
next-nearest-neighbour XY interaction and nonlocal dissipation, finding that
the inclusion of nonlocal dissipation allows more freedom in engineering the
energy and decay rate dispersions for the bound states. Finally, we numerically
study a model of an experimental set-up that should allow the realisation of
dissipative bound states by using Rydberg-dressed atoms coupled to a photonic
crystal waveguide (PCW). We demonstrate that this model can exhibit many key
features of our simpler models
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Steady states of a driven dissipative dipolar XXZ chain
We study theoretically a driven dissipative one-dimensional XXZ spin
chain with dipole coupling and a tunable strength of the Ising and XY
interaction. Within a mean-field approximation, we find a rich phase diagram
with uniform, spin density wave, antiferromagnetic and oscillatory phases, as
well as regions of phase bistability. We study the phase diagram of small
quantum systems using exact diagonalisation, and compare the results to the
mean-field theory. We find that while expectation values only capture the
uniform phases of the mean-field theory, fluctuations about these expectation
values give signatures of spatially non-uniform phases and bistabilities. We
find these signatures for all ratios of the Ising to XY interaction, showing
that they appear to be general features of spin system
Stable collective dynamics of two-level systems coupled by dipole interactions
We study the dynamics of a set of two-level systems coupled by dipolar interactions under a resonant external Rabi drive. The two-level systems are prepared initially in a coherent product state, and we ask how the nonequilibrium conditions caused by the drive affect this coherence. We study the full nonlinear dynamics of the coupled two-level systems within a classical approximation by analyzing numerically the equations of motion and determining the stability of the collective coherent state within classical Floquet theory. We establish the behavior analytically in the high Rabi coupling limit by employing a Magnus expansion and spin-wave analysis. Our results show that, typically, the dipole interactions between the two-level systems lead to instabilities that cause a breakdown of the collective Rabi oscillations. However, we identify parameter regimes for which the two-level systems undergo collective coherent Rabi oscillations even in the presence of the dipole interactions.This work was supported by EPSRC Grant No. EP/K030094/1
TK: The Twitter Top-K Keywords Benchmark
Information retrieval from textual data focuses on the construction of
vocabularies that contain weighted term tuples. Such vocabularies can then be
exploited by various text analysis algorithms to extract new knowledge, e.g.,
top-k keywords, top-k documents, etc. Top-k keywords are casually used for
various purposes, are often computed on-the-fly, and thus must be efficiently
computed. To compare competing weighting schemes and database implementations,
benchmarking is customary. To the best of our knowledge, no benchmark currently
addresses these problems. Hence, in this paper, we present a top-k keywords
benchmark, TK, which features a real tweet dataset and queries with
various complexities and selectivities. TK helps evaluate weighting
schemes and database implementations in terms of computing performance. To
illustrate TK's relevance and genericity, we successfully performed
tests on the TF-IDF and Okapi BM25 weighting schemes, on one hand, and on
different relational (Oracle, PostgreSQL) and document-oriented (MongoDB)
database implementations, on the other hand
Recovery of the crucian carp Carassius carassius (L.): Approach and early results of an English conservation project
Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd The crucian carp Carassius carassius, a cyprinid fish characteristic of small ponds, is in decline throughout most of its European range, including in England where it is currently thought to be non-native. The present study, undertaken by the Norfolk Crucian Project, reports on reductions in pond populations of crucian carp in Norfolk, eastern England as well as the success of recent introduction/re-introduction efforts in terms of crucian survival, recruitment and growth over the last 10 years. A 72% decline in crucian carp distribution was observed between the 1950sâ1980s and the 2010s. Of 18 crucian carp introductions/re-introductions to restored and suitable existing ponds, 17 were successful in terms of survival, increasing the number of current crucian sites in Norfolk by 37%. Recruitment of young crucian carp was demonstrated for 12 of the 18 stocked ponds, with apparent elevated juvenile growth relative to other English and European populations. Delays in, or a lack of, crucian recruitment in some ponds appeared to result from the presence of other fish species (especially threespine stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus) with predation and interspecific competition possible contributory factors. This study shows that, through combinations of pond rehabilitation and stocking, it has been possible to achieve a substantial recovery of crucian carp populations in the study region. Although the crucian carp is currently presumed to be non-native within England, given other scientific studies that show a lack of adverse impacts of this species on native biota, and because it is greatly threatened in its native range, the call is sounded for more crucian carp conservation projects in other parts of England as well as in Europe more generally
Tissue inflammation signatures point towards resolution in adhesive capsulitis
Proresolving receptors, macrophage and fibroblast activation point towards a resolving inflammatory milieu in adhesive capsulitis
Risqué Business? Interpersonal Anxiety and Humor in the #MeToo Era
This is the author accepted manuscript. the final version is available from the American Psychological Association via the DOI in this recordInterpersonal anxiety (i.e., the fear of negative consequences from interacting with someone) may be more prominent in post-#MeToo organizations when interacting with someone of a different gender. Initial exchanges may particularly trigger this anxiety, obfuscating key organizational decisions such as hiring. Given humorâs positive, intrapersonal stress-reduction effects, we propose that humor also reduces interpersonal anxiety. In three mixed methods experiments with hiring managers, we examined the effects of applicant and evaluator gender (i.e., same-/mixed-gender dyad), positive applicant humor (i.e., a pun), and context (i.e., gender salience) in job interviews. Results showed that mixed-gender (vs. same-gender) interactions elicited more interpersonal anxiety, particularly when gender was more salient; mixed-gender interactions also predicted downstream attitudinal outcomes (e.g., social attraction and willingness to hire) and hiring decisions (e.g., selection and rejection) via interpersonal anxiety. Although humor reduced interpersonal anxiety and its consequences for female applicants, the opposite was true for male applicants when gender was salient, because it signaled some of the same expectations that initially triggered the interpersonal anxiety: the potential for harmful sexual behavior. In sum, we integrated diversity and humor theories to examine interpersonal anxiety in same- and mixed-gender interactions, then tested the extent to which humor relieved it.Swiss National Science Foundatio
The Caviar software package for the astrometric reduction of Cassini ISS images: description and examples
N.J.C. is grateful to the Paris Observatory for funding as an
invited researcher at the IMCCE. We thank the FP7-ESPaCE European program
for funding under the agreement No. 263466. N.J.C. and C.D.M. thank the Science
and Technology Facilities Council (Grant No. ST/P000622/1) for financial
support. This work was also supported by the International Space Science Institute
(ISSI)
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