Land Cover Change under Future Scenarios of Zero-deforestation Commitment Implementation in South America

M.S

Towards the Total Synthesis of Antascomicin B. Efforts to Construct the C1-C21 Fragment

Antascomicin B is a macrolide isolated from a strain of Micromonospora. It possesses structural similarities to FK506 and rapamycin and exhibits potent binding ability to FKBP12. Recent reports suggest that small molecule ligands of FKBP12 possess potent neuroprotective and neurodegenerative properties in mouse models of Parkinson\u27s disease. Our approach to the C1-21 fragment of antascomicin B involves an asymmetric amino-Claisen rearrangement originally developed by Tsunoda et al.35 report the scalability of the preparation and rearrangement of an allylic amide possessing a silyloxy group at the terminal position of the alkene. The Tsunoda-Claisen rearrangement uses inexpensive (S)-α-methylbenzylamine as the chiral auxiliary. The allylic amide underwent rearrangement to establish the C14 and C15 stereocenters in high yield and good diastereoselectivity. We found a surprisingly high yielding acid mediated lactonization that was employed to cleave the α-methylbenzyl amide. Details of these studies and further elaboration of the lactone are discussed. We also describe the progress toward the synthesis of the C1-21 fragment of the natural product

Projeto de um aplicativo móvel para monitoramento domiciliar de bebês com cardiopatias congênitas complexas

Introducción: Las cardiopatías congénitas están relacionadas con defectos cardíacos que se desarrollan durante el embarazo y están presentes al nacer. El éxito de las intervenciones depende en gran medida de la educación de los padres/cuidadores sobre los signos y síntomas de alerta. Los cuidadores necesitan tener herramientas para hacer frente a las barreras del sistema de salud. Objetivo: crear un sistema como herramienta de seguimiento para los bebés con cardiopatías congénitas complejas que ayude a los padres/cuidadores y a los profesionales médicos a observar las variables fisiológicas del paciente y a brindar una retroalimentación oportuna y profesional a los padres/cuidadores desde la atención domiciliaria. Materiales y métodos:se presenta un sistema que proporciona apoyo a los pacientes que necesitan seguimiento de cardiopatías congénitas complejas mediante un programa de monitoreo en casa. El sistema consiste en una aplicación móvil que permite a los padres/cuidadores controlar las variables fisiológicas del paciente (peso, ingesta de alimento y oximetría). La información registrada en la aplicación se envía para ser evaluada en tiempo real por el equipo médico. Resultados: la aplicación proporciona un medio eficaz para enviar datos y comunicarse con el centro de control médico, además de ofrecer material educativo e informativo. De este modo, los padres/cuidadores reciben constantemente ayuda e información acerca del estado de su bebé. Conclusiones: la aplicación móvil podría ayudar a minimizar los costos de la atención médica y superar las limitaciones del seguimiento domiciliario, dando a los médicos la posibilidad de ver la evolución del paciente y dar recomendaciones oportunas. Como citar este artículo: Castro David, Pérez-Rivero Paula, Quintero-Lesmes Doris Cristina, Castro Javier. Design of a mobile application for home monitoring of babies with complex congenital heart disease. Revista Cuidarte. 2022;13(3):e2335. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.2335       Introduction: Congenital heart diseases are related to heart defects that develop during pregnancy and are present at birth. Children must regularly attend specialized clinical centers for treatment, which includes medical check-ups, hemodynamic procedures, and surgery. Nevertheless, the success of interventions largely depends on the education of parents and caregivers about the symptoms and warning signs that babies with complex congenital heart disease may present during the period between stages. Likewise, it is necessary for caregivers to have tools to face the barriers of the health system, such as, obstacles or delays in obtaining healthcare services. This facilitates timely health care for patients and avoids fatal outcomes or deterioration in quality of life. Materials and Methods: This document presents a system that provides support to patients with complex congenital heart disease in follow-up by a home monitoring program. The system consists of a mobile application that allows parents/caregivers to monitor physiological variables of the patients (weight, intake, and oximetry). The information registered in the application is sent for real-time evaluation by the medical team. Results:The application provides an effective means for sending data and communicating with the medical control center, in addition to offering educational and informative material. In this way, parents/caregivers get constant help and feedback about their baby's condition. Conclusions: The mobile application could help mitigate the costs of medical care and overcome the limitations of follow-up at home, giving doctors the possibility to see the patient's evolution and give timely recommendations. How to cite this article: Castro David, Pérez-Rivero Paula, Quintero-Lesmes Doris Cristina, Castro Javier. Design of a mobile application for home monitoring of babies with complex congenital heart disease. Revista Cuidarte. 2022;13(3):e2335. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.2335       Introdução: as doenças cardíacas congênitas estão relacionadas a defeitos cardíacos que se desenvolvem durante a gravidez e estão presentes no nascimento. O sucesso das intervenções depende em grande parte da educação dos pais/responsáveis sobre os sinais e sintomas de alerta. Os cuidadores precisam ter ferramentas para lidar com as barreiras do sistema de saúde. Objetivo: Criar uma ferramenta de sistema de monitoramento para bebês com doenças cardíacas congênitas complexas, que ajude pais/cuidadores e profissionais médicos a observar as variáveis fisiológicas do paciente e manter um feedback profissional e oportuno para os pais/cuidadores dos cuidados domiciliares. Materiais e Métodos: é apresentado um sistema que fornece suporte aos pacientes com cardiopatias congênitas complexas em acompanhamento através de um programa de monitoramento domiciliar. O sistema consiste em uma aplicação móvel que permite aos pais/responsáveis pelo acompanhamento das variáveis fisiológicas do paciente (peso, ingestão e oximetria). As informações registradas no aplicativo são enviadas para serem avaliadas em tempo real pela equipe médica. Resultados: a aplicação fornece um meio eficiente para enviar dados e se comunicar com o centro de controle médico, além de oferecer material educativo e informativo. Desta forma, os pais/responsáveis recebem ajuda constante e feedback sobre a condição de seu bebê. Conclusões: a aplicação móvel pode ajudar a minimizar os custos do atendimento médico e superar as limitações do acompanhamento domiciliar, dando aos médicos a possibilidade de ver a evolução do paciente e dar recomendações oportunas. Como citar este artigo: Castro David, Pérez-Rivero Paula, Quintero-Lesmes Doris Cristina, Castro Javier. Design of a mobile application for home monitoring of babies with complex congenital heart disease. Revista Cuidarte. 2022;13(3):e2335. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.2335      &nbsp

UAV swarm path planning with reinforcement learning for field prospecting

[Abstract] There has been steady growth in the adoption of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) swarms by operators due to their time and cost benefits. However, this kind of system faces an important problem, which is the calculation of many optimal paths for each UAV. Solving this problem would allow control of many UAVs without human intervention while saving battery between recharges and performing several tasks simultaneously. The main aim is to develop a Reinforcement Learning based system capable of calculating the optimal flight path for a UAV swarm. This method stands out for its ability to learn through trial and error, allowing the model to adjust itself. The aim of these paths is to achieve full coverage of an overflight area for tasks such as field prospection, regardless of map size and the number of UAVs in the swarm. It is not necessary to establish targets or to have any previous knowledge other than the given map. Experiments have been conducted to determine whether it is optimal to establish a single control for all UAVs in the swarm or a control for each UAV. The results show that it is better to use one control for all UAVs because of the shorter flight time. In addition, the flight time is greatly affected by the size of the map. The results give starting points for future research, such as finding the optimal map size for each situation

Using Reinforcement Learning in the Path Planning of Swarms of UAVs for the Photographic Capture of Terrains

Presented at the 4th XoveTIC Conference, A Coruña, Spain, 7–8 October 2021.[Abstract] The number of applications using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is increasing. The use of UAVs in swarms makes many operators see more advantages than the individual use of UAVs, thus reducing operational time and costs. The main objective of this work is to design a system that, using Reinforcement Learning (RL) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) techniques, can obtain a good path for each UAV in the swarm and distribute the flight environment in such a way that the combination of the captured images is as simple as possible. To determine whether it is better to use a global ANN or multiple local ANNs, experiments have been done over the same map and with different numbers of UAVs at different altitudes. The results are measured based on the time taken to find a solution. The results show that the system works with any number of UAVs if the map is correctly partitioned. On the other hand, using local ANNs seems to be the option that can find solutions faster, ensuring better trajectories than using a single global network. There is no need to use additional map information other than the current state of the environment, like targets or distance maps.This research received no external funding

A review of artificial intelligence applied to path planning in UAV swarms

This version of the article has been accepted for publication, after peer review and is subject to Springer Nature’s AM terms of use, but is not the Version of Record and does not reflect post-acceptance improvements, or any corrections. The Version of Record is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/ s00521-021-06569-4This is the accepted version of: A. Puente-Castro, D. Rivero, A. Pazos, and E. Fernández-Blanco, "A review of artificial intelligence applied to path planning in UAV swarms", Neural Computing and Applications, vol. 34, pp. 153–170, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-021-06569-4[Abstract]: Path Planning problems with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are among the most studied knowledge areas in the related literature. However, few of them have been applied to groups of UAVs. The use of swarms allows to speed up the flight time and, thus, reducing the operational costs. When combined with Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms, a single system or operator can control all aircraft while optimal paths for each one can be computed. In order to introduce the current situation of these AI-based systems, a review of the most novel and relevant articles was carried out. This review was performed in two steps: first, a summary of the found articles; second, a quantitative analysis of the publications found based on different factors, such as the temporal evolution or the number of articles found based on different criteria. Therefore, this review provides not only a summary of the most recent work but it gives an overview of the trend in the use of AI algorithms in UAV swarms for Path Planning problems. The AI techniques of the articles found can be separated into four main groups based on their technique: reinforcement Learning techniques, Evolutive Computing techniques, Swarm Intelligence techniques, and, Graph Neural Networks. The final results show an increase in publications in recent years and that there is a change in the predominance of the most widely used techniques.This work is supported by Instituto de Salud Carlos III, grant number PI17/01826 (Collaborative Project in Genomic Data Integration (CICLOGEN) funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III from the Spanish National plan for Scientific and Technical Research and Innovation 2013–2016 and the European Regional Development Funds (FEDER)—“A way to build Europe.”. This project was also supported by the General Directorate of Culture, Education and University Management of Xunta de Galicia ED431D 2017/16 and “Drug Discovery Galician Network” Ref. ED431G/01 and the “Galician Network for Colorectal Cancer Research” (Ref. ED431D 2017/23). This work was also funded by the grant for the consolidation and structuring of competitive research units (ED431C 2018/49) from the General Directorate of Culture, Education and University Management of Xunta de Galicia, and the CYTED network (PCI2018_093284) funded by the Spanish Ministry of Ministry of Innovation and Science. This project was also supported by the General Directorate of Culture, Education and University Management of Xunta de Galicia “PRACTICUM DIRECT” Ref. IN845D-2020/03.Xunta de Galicia; ED431D 2017/16Xunta de Galicia; ED431G/01Xunta de Galicia; ED431D 2017/23Xunta de Galicia; ED431C 2018/49Xunta de Galicia; IN845D-2020/0

Estilos de afrontamiento al estrés en estudiantes de primero de secundaria de una institución educativa privada de Lima Metropolitana

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar los estilos de afrontamiento al estrés de los estudiantes de primero de secundaria de una institución educativa de Lima metropolitana. Para ello, se realizó un trabajo descriptivo cuantitativo, en el que se evaluaron 36 alumnos de primero de secundaria de 12 y 13 años, de los cuales 20 fueron varones y 16 mujeres. Asimismo, 22 de ellos fueron de nacionalidad peruana, mientras que los 14 restantes fueron extranjeros. Se utilizó la Escala de Afrontamiento para Adolescentes (ACS -Adolescent Coping Scale) adaptada a la población limeña por Canessa (Escala de Afrontamiento al estrés). Entre los principales resultados se encontró que el estilo de afrontamiento al estrés más utilizado por los adolescentes es resolver el problema con un 64.9% del total. Asimismo, el estilo de afrontamiento utilizado en menor medida fue el de referencia a los demás con un 5.6%. Finalmente, se encontró que la estrategia de afrontamiento más utilizada por los adolescentes en general fue la de distracción física con un 38.9%, seguida de preocuparse 19.4% y buscar diversiones relajantes con un 16.7% del totalTesi

Sediment Transport Modeling in Maunalua Bay

Increased sedimentation is one of the largest environmental issues stressing the health of Maunalua Bay today. When sedimentation occurs, it can decrease biodiversity, coral cover, and water quality within the Bay. In order to improve sedimentation within the Bay, our project will simulate a digital representation that predicts how different rain events can affect the movement of sediment within Maunalua Watershed. With the results of our project, stakeholders can take appropriate steps forward to help mitigate these areas identified as priority sedimentation sites

Evocación de memorias a través del cine de oro mexicano

Reminiscence therapy, which consists of memory recall in people with dementia through support materials, is a resource rarely used in Latin American countries, due to the lack of appropriate materials and the lack of a guide or method. The use of cinema as a tool of reminiscence therapy has been a recent incursion, its application has been carried out in the United Kingdom as well as in the United States of North America. Under the assumption: Cinema can detonate memories in elderly people with dementia, besides functioning as an integrator of various elements of the symbolic material culture referring to the time corresponding to the so-called reminiscence bump, three interventions were performed in a group of 15 elderly people with dementia, located in the city of Toluca, Mexico. The film of the Mexican cinema of the golden era was projected: “I am rooster where I want (Jimmy)” (1954). Its projection was divided in three sessions, in which material of support was used, extracted of the film, this material was classified according to the human senses in order to promote the sensorial stimulation in the participants. Older people with dementia are interested in talking about movies and movies. There were autobiographical memories of the participants, as well as positive changes in mood and behavior.La terapia de reminiscencia, la cual consiste en la evocación de memorias en personas con demencia a través de materiales de soporte, es un recurso poco utilizado en países latinoamericanos, debido a la carencia de materiales apropiados y a la falta de una guía o método fácil de ejecutar. El uso del cine como herramienta de la terapia de reminiscencia ha sido una incursión reciente, su aplicación se ha llevado a cabo en el Reino Unido así como en los Estados Unidos de Norteamérica. Bajo el supuesto: El cine puede detonar recuerdos en las personas mayores con demencia, además de funcionar como integrador de diversos elementos de la cultura material simbólica referentes al tiempo correspondiente al llamado golpe de reminiscencia, se realizaron tres intervenciones en un grupo de 15 personas mayores con demencia, ubicado en la ciudad de Toluca, México. Se proyectó la película del cine mexicano de la época de oro: “Yo soy gallo dónde quiera (Jimmy)” (1954). Su proyección fue dividida en tres sesiones, en las cuales se utilizó material de soporte, extraído de la película, dicho material fue clasificado de acuerdo a los sentidos del cuerpo humano con el fin de promover la estimulación sensorial en los participantes. Las personas mayores con demencia se mostraron interesadas al hablar de películas y cine. Se obtuvieron recuerdos autobiográficos de los participantes, así como cambios positivos en su estado de ánimo y conducta

Aproximación a la investigación en didáctica y el uso de tic en clases de Química

Este trabajo de corte investigativo se desarrolla en el contexto de la formación inicial del profesorado de Química, en particular como parte del curso de Didáctica II. Los autores implementaron un Proyecto de Introducción a la Investigación en Didáctica desde roles diferenciados (docente y estudiante), tomando como problema a abordar los modos de implementación de TIC en clase de química y la percepción de los estudiantes en relación a la influencia de dicha utilización en su aprendizaje. Se optó por un abordaje metodológico de carácter intervencionista o de diseño didáctico, en el que se relevaron experiencias previas y se aplicaron cuestionarios de percepción a un grupo de estudiantes de bachillerato previa y posteriormente a la vivencia de una Unidad Didáctica estructurada sobre diversos modos de inclusión de herramientas TIC. Los resultados obtenidos incluyen la escasa utilización previa, la buena percepción a priori y el poco cambio posterior, a excepción de algunas categorías relevantes como ser las presentacione