Apreciação Geológica e Petrográfica de algumas rochas básicas de Santos

In the present paper the authors present some data on the geology of Santos considering particularly the occurrences of basic rocks. The geologic map shows the main occurrences of these rocks, indicating their respective geologic coordinates. A rather detailed petrographic study of rocks, sampled at the occurences of São Vicente and ilha Porchat, revealed that the first one was a lam prophyric dike with a high percentage of olivine whereas the rock of the ilha Porchat was classified as diabase. It is the opinion of the authors that these occurrences originated at different geologic times, and that the olivinic rocks of São Vicente, whose origin is likely to be connected with the epeirogenic movem ents of the serra do mar, are younger than the diabase of the ilha Porcha

Analysis and Methodology for Determining the Parasitic Capacitances in VSI-fed IM Drives Based on PWM Technique

Three-phase induction motors present stray capacitances. The aim of this chapter is to present a methodology to experimentally determine these capacitances and also evaluate the effects of electromagnetic interference on motors in common mode. The proposed procedures for this methodology consist of: a) identifying the motor equivalent electrical circuit parameters through characteristic tests performed in the laboratory; b) setting up configurations between the PWM inverter and the motor for voltage and current measurements: common mode and shaft voltages, leakage and shaft (bearing) currents by using a dedicated measuring circuit; c) calculating the parasitic capacitance values between stator and frame, stator and rotor, rotor and frame and bearings of the motor using the capacitance characteristic equation; d) using the dedicated software Pspice to simulate the system composed by the three-phase induction motor fed by PWM inverter with the equivalent electrical circuit parameters; e) determining the characteristic waveforms involved in the common mode phenomenon

Modeling the impact of child vaccination (5–11 y) on overall COVID-19 related hospitalizations and mortality in a context of omicron variant predominance and different vaccination coverage paces in Brazil

Background Developing countries have experienced significant COVID-19 disease burden. With the emergence of new variants, particularly omicron, the disease burden in children has increased. When the first COVID-19 vaccine was approved for use in children aged 5–11 years of age, very few countries recommended vaccination due to limited risk-benefit evidence for vaccination of this population. In Brazil, ranking second in the global COVID-19 death toll, the childhood COVID-19 disease burden increased significantly in early 2022. This prompted a risk-benefit assessment of the introduction and scaling-up of COVID-19 vaccination of children. Methods To estimate the potential impact of vaccinating children aged 5–11 years with mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccine in the context of omicron dominance, we developed a discrete-time SEIR-like model stratified in age groups, considering a three-month time horizon. We considered three scenarios: No vaccination, slow, and maximum vaccination paces. In each scenario, we estimated the potential reduction in total COVID-19 cases, hospitalizations, deaths, hospitalization costs, and potential years of life lost, considering the absence of vaccination as the base-case scenario. Findings We estimated that vaccinating at a maximum pace could prevent, between mid-January and April 2022, about 26,000 COVID-19 hospitalizations, and 4200 deaths in all age groups; of which 5400 hospitalizations and 410 deaths in children aged 5–11 years. Continuing vaccination at a slow/current pace would prevent 1450 deaths and 9700 COVID-19 hospitalizations in all age groups in this same time period; of which 180 deaths and 2390 hospitalizations in children only. Interpretation Maximum vaccination of children results in a significant reduction of COVID-19 hospitalizations and deaths and should be enforced in developing countries with significant disease incidence in children

Tax Avoidance: planejamento tributário de uma empresa do ramo de usinagem do município de Patos de Minas-MG

Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar, por meio do planejamento tributário, qual o melhor regime de tributação a ser adotado por empresa do ramo de usinagem, considerando os regimes do Simples Nacional e Lucro Presumido. Este estudo foi aplicado em uma empresa que, desde sua constituição, é optante pelo regime do Simples Nacional e possui atividade de comércio, indústria e prestação de serviços. O artigo faz uso da descrição dos dados amostrados conjuntamente com a utilização de teste de diferenças de médias de Mann Whitney o que a classifica como uma pesquisa descritiva, de natureza quantitativa, desenvolvida através de dados documentais e por meio do estudo de caso em que se realizou a análise de dados referentes ao ano 2019, tais como: Balanço Patrimonial, DRE, DeSTDA e Defis. A partir das análises e da execução dos cálculos dos tributos, considerando o ano de 2019, levando em conta o planejamento por meio do framework de Sholes, se constatou que, em relação aos tributos e aos custos o lucro presumido, se torna mais oneroso, sendo neste caso, o Simples Nacional o regime ainda mais vantajoso para a empresa amostrada

Global patient outcomes after elective surgery: prospective cohort study in 27 low-, middle- and high-income countries.

BACKGROUND: As global initiatives increase patient access to surgical treatments, there remains a need to understand the adverse effects of surgery and define appropriate levels of perioperative care. METHODS: We designed a prospective international 7-day cohort study of outcomes following elective adult inpatient surgery in 27 countries. The primary outcome was in-hospital complications. Secondary outcomes were death following a complication (failure to rescue) and death in hospital. Process measures were admission to critical care immediately after surgery or to treat a complication and duration of hospital stay. A single definition of critical care was used for all countries. RESULTS: A total of 474 hospitals in 19 high-, 7 middle- and 1 low-income country were included in the primary analysis. Data included 44 814 patients with a median hospital stay of 4 (range 2-7) days. A total of 7508 patients (16.8%) developed one or more postoperative complication and 207 died (0.5%). The overall mortality among patients who developed complications was 2.8%. Mortality following complications ranged from 2.4% for pulmonary embolism to 43.9% for cardiac arrest. A total of 4360 (9.7%) patients were admitted to a critical care unit as routine immediately after surgery, of whom 2198 (50.4%) developed a complication, with 105 (2.4%) deaths. A total of 1233 patients (16.4%) were admitted to a critical care unit to treat complications, with 119 (9.7%) deaths. Despite lower baseline risk, outcomes were similar in low- and middle-income compared with high-income countries. CONCLUSIONS: Poor patient outcomes are common after inpatient surgery. Global initiatives to increase access to surgical treatments should also address the need for safe perioperative care. STUDY REGISTRATION: ISRCTN5181700