Unsupervised Keyword Extraction from Polish Legal Texts

In this work, we present an application of the recently proposed unsupervised keyword extraction algorithm RAKE to a corpus of Polish legal texts from the field of public procurement. RAKE is essentially a language and domain independent method. Its only language-specific input is a stoplist containing a set of non-content words. The performance of the method heavily depends on the choice of such a stoplist, which should be domain adopted. Therefore, we complement RAKE algorithm with an automatic approach to selecting non-content words, which is based on the statistical properties of term distribution

Neutrinos in 5D SO(10) Unification

We study neutrino physics in a 5D supersymmetric SO(10) GUT. We analyze several different choices for realizing the See-Saw mechanism. We find that the "natural" scale for the Majorana mass of right-handed neutrinos depends critically on whether the right-handed neutrinos are located in the bulk or localized on a brane. In the former case, the effective Majorana mass is "naturally" of order the compactification scale, about 10^{14} GeV. Note, this is the value necessary for obtaining a light tau neutrino mass approximately 10^{-2} eV which, within the context of hierarchical neutrino masses, is the right order of magnitude to explain atmospheric neutrino oscillations. On the other-hand when the right-handed neutrino is localized on the brane, the effective Majorana mass is typically larger than the compactification scale. Nevertheless with small parameters of order 1/10 - 1/30, an effective Majorana mass of order 10^{14} GeV can be accommodated. We also discuss the constraints on model building resulting from the different scenarios for locating the right-handed neutrinos.Comment: 24 page

Interaction of antithrombin III with preadsorbed albumin-heparin conjugates

The adsorption of antithrombin III (AT III) onto polystyrene surfaces preadsorbed with albumin or albuminheparin conjugates was studied using a two step enzyme immuno assay. When AT III-buffer solutions were used, the highest adsorption values were measured on high affinity albumin-heparin conjugate pretreated surfaces. Less AT III adsorption was found on nonfractionated albumin-heparin conjugate preadsorbed surfaces. AT III adsorption could also be detected on low affinity conjugate and albumin coated surfaces. When AT III was adsorbed from plasma or plasma dilutions with buffer, only AT III on surfaces preadsorbed with high affinity or nonfractionated albumin-heparin conjugate was found. These results demonstrate that the heparin moiety of the conjugate is directed to the solution phase whereas the albumin moiety contacts the polystyrene surfaca

Deleterious variation shapes the genomic landscape of introgression

While it is appreciated that population size changes can impact patterns of deleterious variation in natural populations, less attention has been paid to how gene flow affects and is affected by the dynamics of deleterious variation. Here we use population genetic simulations to examine how gene flow impacts deleterious variation under a variety of demographic scenarios, mating systems, dominance coefficients, and recombination rates. Our results show that admixture between populations can temporarily reduce the genetic load of smaller populations and cause increases in the frequency of introgressed ancestry, especially if deleterious mutations are recessive. Additionally, when fitness effects of new mutations are recessive, between-population differences in the sites at which deleterious variants exist creates heterosis in hybrid individuals. Together, these factors lead to an increase in introgressed ancestry, particularly when recombination rates are low. Under certain scenarios, introgressed ancestry can increase from an initial frequency of 5% to 30-75% and fix at many loci, even in the absence of beneficial mutations. Further, deleterious variation and admixture can generate correlations between the frequency of introgressed ancestry and recombination rate or exon density, even in the absence of other types of selection. The direction of these correlations is determined by the specific demography and whether mutations are additive or recessive. Therefore, it is essential that null models of admixture include both demography and deleterious variation before invoking other mechanisms to explain unusual patterns of genetic variation.Bernard Y. Kim, Christian D. Huber, Kirk E. Lohmuelle

Statistics and Characteristics of Spatio-Temporally Rare Intense Events in Complex Ginzburg-Landau Models

We study the statistics and characteristics of rare intense events in two types of two dimensional Complex Ginzburg-Landau (CGL) equation based models. Our numerical simulations show finite amplitude collapse-like solutions which approach the infinite amplitude solutions of the nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger (NLS) equation in an appropriate parameter regime. We also determine the probability distribution function (PDF) of the amplitude of the CGL solutions, which is found to be approximately described by a stretched exponential distribution, $P(|A|) \approx e^{-|A|^\eta}$, where $\eta < 1$. This non-Gaussian PDF is explained by the nonlinear characteristics of individual bursts combined with the statistics of bursts. Our results suggest a general picture in which an incoherent background of weakly interacting waves, occasionally, `by chance', initiates intense, coherent, self-reinforcing, highly nonlinear events.Comment: 7 pages, 9 figure

Classification of protein interaction sentences via gaussian processes

The increase in the availability of protein interaction studies in textual format coupled with the demand for easier access to the key results has lead to a need for text mining solutions. In the text processing pipeline, classification is a key step for extraction of small sections of relevant text. Consequently, for the task of locating protein-protein interaction sentences, we examine the use of a classifier which has rarely been applied to text, the Gaussian processes (GPs). GPs are a non-parametric probabilistic analogue to the more popular support vector machines (SVMs). We find that GPs outperform the SVM and na\"ive Bayes classifiers on binary sentence data, whilst showing equivalent performance on abstract and multiclass sentence corpora. In addition, the lack of the margin parameter, which requires costly tuning, along with the principled multiclass extensions enabled by the probabilistic framework make GPs an appealing alternative worth of further adoption

On the effects of using CO2 and F2 lasers to modify the wettability of a polymeric biomaterial.

Enhancement of the surface properties of a material by means of laser radiation has been amply demonstrated previously. In this work a comparative study for the surface modification of nylon 6,6 has been conducted in order to vary the wettability characteristics using CO2 and excimer lasers. This was done by producing 50 μm spaced (with depths between 1 and 10 μm) trench-like patterns using various laser parameters such as varying the laser power for the CO2 laser and number of pulses for the excimer laser. Topographical changes were analysed using optical microscopy and white light interferometry which indicated that both laser systems can be implemented for modifying the topography of nylon 6,6. Variations in the surface chemistry were evaluated using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis and showed that the O2 increased by up to 1.5% At. and decreased by up to 1.6% At. for the CO2 and F2 laser patterned samples, respectively. Modification of the wettability characteristics was quantified by measuring the advancing contact angle, which was found to increase in all instances for both laser systems. Emery paper roughened samples were also analysed in the same manner to determine that the topographical pattern played a major role in the wettability characteristics of nylon 6,6. From this, it is proposed that the increase in contact angle for the laser processed samples is due to a mixed intermediate state wetting regime owed to the periodic surface roughness brought about by the laser induced trench-like topographical patterns

Prominent bulk pinning effect in the MgB_2 superconductor

We report the magnetic-field dependence of the irreversible magnetization of the recently discovered binary superconductor MgB$_{2}$. For the temperature region of $T< 0.9T_c$, the contribution of the bulk pinning to the magnetization overwhelms that of the surface pinning. This was evident from the fact that the magnetization curves, $M(H)$, were well described by the critical-state model without considering the surface pinning effect. It was also found that the $M(H)$ curves at various temperatures scaled when the field and the magnetization were normalized by the characteristic scaling factors $H^\ast(T)$ and $M^\ast(T)$, respectively. This feature suggests that the pinning mechanism determining the hysteresis in $M(H)$ is unique below $T=T_c$.Comment: 4pages and 4 figures. Phys. Rev. B (accepted

Characterization of a Li-6 loaded liquid organic scintillator for fast neutron spectrometry and thermal neutron detection

The characterization of a liquid scintillator incorporating an aqueous solution of enriched lithium chloride to produce a scintillator with 0.40% Li-6 is presented, including the performance of the scintillator in terms of its optical properties and neutron response. The scintillator was incorporated into a fast neutron spectrometer, and the light output spectra from 2.5 MeV, 14.1 MeV, and Cf-252 neutrons were measured using capture-gated coincidence techniques. The spectrometer was operated without coincidence to perform thermal neutron measurements. Possible improvements in spectrometer performance are discussed.Comment: Submitted to Applied Radiation and Isotopes. 11 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables. Revision addresses reviewers' comment

COSMOGRAIL: XVII. Time delays for the quadruply imaged quasar PG 1115+080

Indexación: Scopus.Acknowledgements. The authors would like to thank R. Gredel for his help in setting up the program at the ESO MPIA 2.2 m telescope, and the anonymous referee for his or her comments on this work. This work is supported by the Swiss National Fundation. This research made use of Astropy, a community-developed core Python package for Astronomy (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2013, 2018) and the 2D graphics environment Matplotlib (Hunter 2007). K.R. acknowledge support from PhD fellowship FIB-UV 2015/2016 and Becas de Doctorado Nacional CONICYT 2017 and thanks the LSSTC Data Science Fellowship Program, her time as a Fellow has benefited this work. M.T. acknowledges support by the DFG grant Hi 1495/2-1. G. C.-F. C. acknowledges support from the Ministry of Education in Taiwan via Government Scholarship to Study Abroad (GSSA). D. C.-Y. Chao and S. H. Suyu gratefully acknowledge the support from the Max Planck Society through the Max Planck Research Group for S. H. Suyu. T. A. acknowledges support by the Ministry for the Economy, Development, and Tourism’s Programa Inicativa Científica Milenio through grant IC 12009, awarded to The Millennium Institute of Astrophysics (MAS).We present time-delay estimates for the quadruply imaged quasar PG 1115+080. Our results are based on almost daily observations for seven months at the ESO MPIA 2.2 m telescope at La Silla Observatory, reaching a signal-to-noise ratio of about 1000 per quasar image. In addition, we re-analyze existing light curves from the literature that we complete with an additional three seasons of monitoring with the Mercator telescope at La Palma Observatory. When exploring the possible source of bias we considered the so-called microlensing time delay, a potential source of systematic error so far never directly accounted for in previous time-delay publications. In 15 yr of data on PG 1115+080, we find no strong evidence of microlensing time delay. Therefore not accounting for this effect, our time-delay estimates on the individual data sets are in good agreement with each other and with the literature. Combining the data sets, we obtain the most precise time-delay estimates to date on PG 1115+080, with Δt(AB) = 8.3+1.5 -1.6 days (18.7% precision), Δt(AC) = 9.9+1.1 -1.1 days (11.1%) and Δt(BC) = 18.8+1.6 -1.6 days (8.5%). Turning these time delays into cosmological constraints is done in a companion paper that makes use of ground-based Adaptive Optics (AO) with the Keck telescope. © ESO 2018.https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/abs/2018/08/aa33287-18/aa33287-18.htm