Notícia de dues tesis doctorals llegides en 2016 sobre Curial e Güelfa, els lectors i els contextos de lectura del segle xv

Notícia de dues tesis doctorals llegides en 2016 sobre Curial e Güelfa, els lectors i els contextos de lectura del segle x

Thirty-six years of the Forced Concept Inventory and the Mechanics Baseline Test: is Aristotle still playing hide and seek in our classrooms?

In this work, we analyze the conceptual comprehension of Newtonian Physics topics by students of different engineering careers during the first Physics course at the Universidad Nacional del Sur, in Bahía Blanca, Argentina. The Mechanics Baseline Test introduced by Hestenes and Wells more than three decades ago, is complemented with semi-structured personal interviews. The categories identified during the interviews for the concept of force and the different study techniques employed are analyzed. Present results indicate low overall conceptual comprehension. Moreover, we find clear indications that a major fraction of the interviewed students still retain Aristotelian representations even after they have passed formal exams on the topic.Fil: Pérez Millán, C.. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Física; ArgentinaFil: Otranto, Sebastián. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Física del Sur. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Física. Instituto de Física del Sur; Argentin

Solving topology optimization problems using the Modified Simulated Annealing Algorithm

Este trabajo propone el empleo de la técnica estocástica de optimización ASAM para sustituir el criterio de optimalidad utilizado dentro del método de optimización topológica propuesto por Andreassen. Para evaluar y validar el desempeño de las técnicas planteadas, se abordaron 3 problemas de elasticidad plana reportados en la literatura especializada. Cada problema fue analizado empleando el Método de Elementos Finitos (MEF) con 3 tipos de mallas diferentes, con el fin de comparar los resultados obtenidos en cuanto a topologías, valor de energía de deformación y tiempos de ejecución promedio. Se logró establecer que el procedimiento que involucra a ASAM arroja menores tiempos computacionales a medida que se analizan los problemas con mallas más refinadas. Finalmente, las distribuciones de material en el dominio de diseño y valores de energía obtenidos fueron similares a los reportados en el trabajo de Andreassen, dando validez a la propuesta aquí presentada.This work proposes the use of the MSAA stochastic optimization technique to replace the optimality criterion used in the topology optimization method proposed by Andreassen. To evaluate and validate the MSAA performance we studied three plane elasticity problems reported in the literature. Each problem was analyzed with three different finite element mesh types in order to compare the results obtained in terms of topology, strain energy value and average runtimes. It was established that the procedure involving the MSAA, yields lower computational times in problems with more refined meshes. Finally, the material distribution and the energy values obtained were similar to those reported in the work of Andreassen giving validity to the work presented here.Peer Reviewe

From reflection to action. The experience RoadsMOOC, as educommunicative journey of personal and social transformation

Con la intención de experimentar con nuevas formas de aprendizaje a través de la Educomunicación y de los MOOCs sociales o sMOOC, creamos una experiencia de aprendizaje colaborativo y de empoderamiento individual y social, a través de nuestra propuesta “Road sMOOC: Un viaje Eduktransformador”, llevado a cabo en la Plataforma ECOLearning. La finalidad de este sMOOC ha sido emprender un viaje de descubrimiento personal y de alfabetización digital crítica, motivando a los participantes a que dejen aflorar su potencial transformador y que participen activamente en las redes sociales, generando así un aprendizaje colectivo y aumentando el impacto social de nuestras acciones. Se reflexiona sobre los autores que nos inspiraron, sobre lo que entendemos por Educomunicación transformadora y las posibilidades que ofrecen los sMOOC. Finalmente resumimos los objetivos, recursos creados, aprendizajes compartidos y conclusiones que surgen al co-crear una identidad colectiva y un espíritu de trabajo en comunidad como “Eduktransformers”.Intending to experiment with new ways of learning through Educommunication and social or sMOOC MOOCs, we create a collaborative learning experience and individual and social empowerment, through our proposal "Road sMOOC: A Eduktransformador trip" carried out in the Platform ECOLearning.The purpose of this sMOOC has been to embark on a journey of personal discovery and critical digital literacy, encouraging participants to stop bring out its transformative potential and actively participate in social networks, generating a collective learning and increasing the social impact of our actions. We reflect on the authors who inspired us, what we mean by transforming Educommunication and the possibilities offered by sMOOC. Finally, we summarize the objectives, created resources, shared learning and conclusions arising to co-create a collective identity and a spirit of community work as "Eduktransformers"

Contrasting human perceptions of and attitudes towards two threatened small carnivores, Lycalopex fulvipes and Leopardus guigna, in rural communities adjacent to protected areas in Chile

Indexación: Scopus.The interaction between humans and small carnivores is a phenomenon especially frequent in rural fringes, as is the case of communities surrounding natural areas. In Chile, two species of threatened carnivores, the Darwin's Fox and the Guigna, have increased their contact with humans due to human-induced changes in their habitat. The objective of this study was to characterize the interactions of these species with humans by assessing human perceptions and attitudes toward them, and to assess livestock and poultry ownership and management practices in local communities to evaluate their possible roles in the phenomenon. We conducted semi-structured interviews in rural communities adjacent to natural protected areas of two different regions in southern Chile. We found that people have a more positive perception of Darwin's Foxes than Guignas, but both species are considered damaging due to poultry attacks. Livestock and poultry management was generally deficient. Improvements in animal management and education programs could lead to a significant decrease in negative interactions. © Sacristan et al. 2018.https://www.threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/article/view/4030/442

Photon creation in a spherical oscillating cavity

We study the photon creation inside a perfectly conducting, spherical oscillating cavity. The electromagnetic field inside the cavity is described by means of two scalar fields which satisfy Dirichlet and (generalized) Neumann boundary conditions. As a preliminary step, we analyze the dynamical Casimir effect for both scalar fields. We then consider the full electromagnetic case. The conservation of angular momentum of the electromagnetic field is also discussed, showing that photons inside the cavity are created in singlet states.Comment: 14 pages, no figure

Can technology improve the classroom experience in primary education? An African experiment on a worldwide program

Primary school coverage has been increasing in most developing countries. Yet, it has not been accompanied by significant improvements in learning indicators. We implemented a randomized experiment in Angola around the introduction of ProFuturo, a worldwide educational program. The program includes a Computer-assisted Learning (CAL) software directed at improving the regular classroom experience. One year after the program started, we find higher familiarity with technology. Teachers miss fewer days of classes and implement better teaching practices. Students become more interested in learning and pro-social. Finally, the program improves students’ test scores but only in the most popular subject in the CAL platform.We acknowledge funding from la Caixa Foundation, Spain. This work was also funded by Fundac̨ão para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, Portugal (SFRH/BD/131707/2017, UID/ECO/00124/2013, UID/ECO/00124/2019), POR Lisboa, Portugal (LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER-007722, LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER-022209) and POR Norte, Portugal (LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER-022209). Teresa Molina-Millán acknowledges financial support from Generalitat Valenciana, Spain CDEIGENT/2020/016 and from the Spanish Ministry of the Economy and Competitiveness, Grant ECO2017-87069-P

Combination of DROOL rules and Protégé knowledge bases in the ONTO-H annotation tool

ONTO-H is a semi-automatic collaborative tool for the semantic annotation of documents, built as a Protégé 3.0 tab plug-in. Among its multiple functionalities aimed at easing the document annotation process, ONTO-H uses a rule-based system to create cascading annotations out from a single drag and drop operation from a part of a document into an already existing concept or instance of the domain ontology being used for annotation. It also gives support to the detection of name conflicts and instance duplications in the creation of the annotations. The rule system runs on top of the open source rule engine DROOLS and is connected to the domain ontology used for annotation by means of an ad-hoc programmed Java proxy

The Importance of Being in Control of Business: Work Satisfaction of Employers, Own-account Workers and Employees

__Abstract__ Self-employed workers can be own-account workers who control their own work or employers who not only are their own boss but also direct others (their employees). We expect both types of self-employed, i.e., own-account workers and employers, to enjoy more independence in determining their work content (type of work) and more flexibility in shaping their work context (e.g., working conditions) compared to paid employees and hence to be more satisfied with their work. Furthermore, we suspect that employers (who can delegate work to their employees and can help them to develop and grow) enjoy even higher levels of work satisfaction compared to both own-account workers (who are their own boss but do not give direction to others) and (non-supervisory) paid employees (who have to obey orders from others within organizational hierarchies). While prior studies typically broadly compare the work satisfaction of self-employed and paid employees, we distinguish employers from own-account workers within the group of self-employed using data from the ECHP for 14 European countries. Our findings indeed show that employers are significantly more satisfied with their work than both own-account workers and paid employees. Additionally, while employers as well as own-account workers enjoy greater procedural utility than (non-supervisory) paid employees stemming from the content and the context of their work, there also seems to be an additional work satisfaction premium for employers