1,324 research outputs found
Star Formation in a Cosmological Simulation of Reionization
We study the luminosity functions of high-redshift galaxies in detailed
hydrodynamic simulations of cosmic reionization, which are designed to
reproduce the evolution of the Lyman-alpha forest between z=5 and z=6. We find
that the luminosity functions and total stellar mass densities are in agreement
with observations when plausible assumptions about reddenning at z=6 are made.
Our simulations support the conclusion that stars alone reionized the universe.Comment: Accepted for publication in Ap
Effects of phonological phrasing on syntactic structure
Bantu languages are renowned as tone languages that utilize this suprasegmental feature not only on the lexical level to distinguish lexical items, but also on the grammatical level to distinguish clause types. This article investigates one such use of grammatical tone in relative clauses in Bemba where a low tone can be used in place of a segmental relative marker. This low tone relative morpheme functions in conjunction with phrase boundary tone indicated on the head noun and which entails either restrictive or non-restrictive interpretations of relatives. Considering a mapping of XPs to major phonological phrases in the syntax-prosody interface, the resultant phonological phrasing in relatives influences the choice of syntactic structure. In the case at hand, a head-raising analysis provides an optimal mapping between syntax and prosody for restrictives. Further, a more direct influence of phonology on syntax can be seen in a perception-based model like Dynamic Syntax where the on-line building of syntactic trees can gain import from phonological information. © Walter de Gruyter 2007
Efficient two-step access to azafluorenones and related compounds
International audienceCrystals of a lithiocuprate prepared from copper(I) chloride and lithium 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidide (2 equiv) were isolated and analyzed by X-ray diffraction as (TMP)2Cu(Cl)Li2*THF. The observation of this species is consistent with its having a role in deprotocupration-aroylation. Phenyl pyridyl ketones, phenyl quinolyl ketones, and phenyl thienyl ketones were prepared in tetrahydrofuran using the lithiocuprate and aroyl chorides as electrophiles. Diaryl ketones bearing a chloro group at the 2 position (of a pyridyl or phenyl group) thus synthesized were next converted through palladium-catalyzed ring closure to polycycles of the 5H-indeno[1,2-b]pyridin-5-one, 11H-indeno[1,2-b]quinolin-11-one, 9H-indeno[2,1-c]pyridin-9-one, and 8H-indeno[2,1-b]thiophen-8-one families
Further characterization of the N-terminal copper(II)- and nickel(II)-binding motif of proteins. Studies of metal binding to chicken serum albumin and the native sequence peptide
Phonological and syntactic phrasing in Bemba relatives
Tone as a distinctive feature used to differentiate not only words but also clause types, is a characteristic feature of Bantu languages. In this paper we show that Bemba relatives can be marked with a low tone in place of a segmental relative marker. We treat this low tone as a morpheme rather than as just triggering a change in tone pattern that can then be related to relativization. The low tone strategy of relativization, which imposes a restrictive reading of relatives, manifests a phonological phrasing that requires the head noun to be phrased together with the relative clause that it modifies as opposed to non-restrictives where this is not the case. The paper shows that the resultant phonological phrasing favours a head-raising analysis of relativization where the head noun is considered to be inside CP. Despite the syntactic use of the relative tonal morpheme we see that it is also subject to purely phonological constraints that results in its being unable to be used to mark headless relatives. This paper therefore highlights the phonology-syntax connection and shows that phonology can directly inform syntactic analyses. © Walter de Gruyter
Magma production and growth of the lava dome of the Soufriere Hills Volcano, Montserrat, West Indies: November 1995 to November 1997
Remaking Africa's informal economies: youth, entrepreneurship and the promise of inclusion at the bottom of the pyramid
In recent years, the quest for 'inclusive markets' that incorporate Africa's youth has become a key focus of national and international development efforts, with so-called bottom of the pyramid (BoP) initiatives increasingly seen as a way to draw the continent's poor into new networks of global capitalism. SSA has become a fertile frontier for such systems, as capital sets its sights on the continents vast 'under-served' informal economies, harnessing the entrepreneurial mettle of youth to create new markets for a range of products, from solar lanterns and shampoo to cook stoves and sanitary pads. Drawing on ethnographic research with youth entrepreneurs, we trace the prcesses of individual and collective 'transformation' that the mission of (self-) empowerment through entrepreneurship seeks to bring about. We argue that, while such systems are meant to bring those below the poverty line above it, the 'line' is reified and reinforced through a range of discursive and strategic practices that actively construct and embed distinctions between the past and the future, valuable and valueless, and the idle and productive in Africa's informal economies
Firms cash management, adjustment cost and its impact on firms’ speed of adjustment-A cross country analysis
We investigate the firms’ specific attributes that determine the difference in speed of adjustment
(SOA) towards the cash holdings target in the Scandinavian countries: Denmark,
Norway and Sweden. We examine whether Scandinavian firms maintain an optimal level
of cash holdings and determine if the active cash holdings management is associated with
the firms’ higher SOA and lower adjustment costs. Our findings substantiate that a higher
level of off-target cost induces professional managers to rebalance their cash level towards
the optimal balance of cash holdings. Our results reveal that Scandinavian firms accelerate
SOA towards cash targets primarily for the precautionary motive. Moreover, our results
show that SOA is heterogeneous across Scandinavian firms based on adjustment cost and
deviate cash holdings towards the target mainly with the support of internal financing. Furthermore,
our empirical findings show that the SOA of Norwegian firms is significantly
higher than the Danish and Swedish firms
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