A compilation of charged-particle induced thermonuclear reaction rates

Low-energy cross section data for 86 charged-particle induced reactions involving light (1 less than or equal to Z less than or equal to 14), mostly stable, nuclei are compiled. The corresponding Maxwellian-averaged thermonuclear reaction rates of relevance in astrophysical plasmas at temperatures in the range from 10(6) K to 10(10) K are calculated. These evaluations assume either that the target nuclei are in their ground state, or that the target states are thermally populated following a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, except in some cases involving isomeric states. Adopted values complemented with lower and upper limits of the rates are presented in tabular form. Analytical approximations to the adopted rates, as well as to the inverse/direct rate ratios, are provided. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved

Charged-Particle Thermonuclear Reaction Rates: III. Nuclear Physics Input

The nuclear physics input used to compute the Monte Carlo reaction rates and probability density functions that are tabulated in the second paper of this series (Paper II) is presented. Specifically, we publish the input files to the Monte Carlo reaction rate code RatesMC, which is based on the formalism presented in the first paper of this series (Paper I). This data base contains overwhelmingly experimental nuclear physics information. The survey of literature for this review was concluded in November 2009.Comment: 132 page

Beneficial effect of the oxygen free radical scavenger amifostine (WR-2721) on spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury in rabbits

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Paraplegia is the most devastating complication of thoracic or thoraco-abdominal aortic surgery. During these operations, an ischemia-reperfusion process is inevitable and the produced radical oxygen species cause severe oxidative stress for the spinal cord. In this study we examined the influence of Amifostine, a triphosphate free oxygen scavenger, on oxidative stress of spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion in rabbits.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Eighteen male, New Zealand white rabbits were anesthetized and spinal cord ischemia was induced by temporary occlusion of the descending thoracic aorta by a coronary artery balloon catheter, advanced through the femoral artery. The animals were randomly divided in 3 groups. Group I functioned as control. In group II the descending aorta was occluded for 30 minutes and then reperfused for 75 min. In group III, 500 mg Amifostine was infused into the distal aorta during the second half-time of ischemia period. At the end of reperfusion all animals were sacrificed and spinal cord specimens were examined for superoxide radicals by an ultra sensitive fluorescent assay.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Superoxide radical levels ranged, in group I between 1.52 and 1.76 (1.64 ± 0.10), in group II between 1.96 and 2.50 (2.10 ± 0.23), and in group III (amifostine) between 1.21 and 1.60 (1.40 ± 0.19) (p = 0.00), showing a decrease of 43% in the Group of Amifostine. A lipid peroxidation marker measurement ranged, in group I between 0.278 and 0.305 (0.296 ± 0.013), in group II between 0.427 and 0.497 (0.463 ± 0.025), and in group III (amifostine) between 0.343 and 0.357 (0.350 ± 0.007) (p < 0.00), showing a decrease of 38% after Amifostine administration.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>By direct and indirect methods of measuring the oxidative stress of spinal cord after ischemia/reperfusion, it is suggested that intra-aortic Amifostine infusion during spinal cord ischemia phase, significantly attenuated the spinal cord oxidative injury in rabbits.</p

Fred Walker's tree, Burke and Wills most northerly point, Camp 119, northern Queensland, ca. 1916 [picture].

Title devised by cataloguer based on acquisitions documentation.; Part of collection: Francis Birtles motor car tour collection, ca. 1899-1928.; Inscriptions: "Fred Walkers Tree B&W most northern point N.Q."--In pencil on verso.; Condition: Yellowing.; Also available online at: http://nla.gov.au/nla.pic-vn6097553; Exhibited: "Things: photographing the constructed world", Temporary Exhibition Gallery, National Library of Australia - 24 November 2012 - 17 March 2013. AuCNL

The 27Al(p,γ)28Si\mathsf{^{27}Al(p,\gamma)^{28}Si} reaction: direct capture cross-section and resonance strengths at Ep=0.2 - 1.12 MeV

The $^{27}$Al(p,$\gamma$)$^{28}$Si reaction has been investigated using two different 4$\pi$ NaI summing detectors. The strength of 26 resonances in the energy range from 200 to 1120 keV has been measured. In addition, yield measurements have been carried out at 9 beam energies in the 490 to 1150 keV range in order to determine the direct capture cross-section. The existing data on the non-resonant mechanism were analysed and combined with the results of the present work. The resulting resonance strengths as well as the deduced direct capture astrophysical $S$-factor are compared with previous work

Cross section and resonance strength measurements of 19^{19}F(p,αγ\alpha\gamma)16^{16}O at Ep_{p} = 200–800 keV

An excitation function of the $^{19}$F(p,$\alpha \gamma)^{16}$O reaction has been measured over the proton beam energy range E$_{p}$=200-800 keV using a 4$\pi$ NaI summing spectrometer. A new resonance was found at E$_{R}$=237 keV and its properties $\Gamma _R$, $\sigma _R$ and $\omega \gamma$ have been extracted. The strengths of all resonances at E$_{p}$ = 200 - 800 keV have been also extracted. The importance of the 1$^+$ resonance  at E$_{R}$=11 keV is discussed and its width has been estimated taking into account interference effects with the strong 1$^+$ resonance at E$_R$=340 keV. The reaction rates have been calculated over a wide range of temperatures and compared with the rates of the (p,$\alpha_{0}$) and (p,$\alpha_{\pi}$) branches of the $^{19}$F(p,$\alpha)^{16}$O reaction