On the averaging principle for one-frequency systems. Seminorm estimates for the error

We extend some previous results of our work [1] on the error of the averaging method, in the one-frequency case. The new error estimates apply to any separating family of seminorms on the space of the actions; they generalize our previous estimates in terms of the Euclidean norm. For example, one can use the new approach to get separate error estimates for each action coordinate. An application to rigid body under damping is presented. In a companion paper [2], the same method will be applied to the motion of a satellite around an oblate planet.Comment: LaTeX, 23 pages, 4 figures. The final version published in Nonlinear Dynamic

Technical assistance, neo-colonialism or mutual trade? The experience of an Anglo/Ukrainian/Russian social work practice learning project

Since the collapse of the Soviet Union there has been a steady stream of Western consultants ready to work in Eastern Europe and Russia and share professional and academic expertise and experience. Social work, unknown as a discrete discipline or profession in the Soviet Union, has been a growth area with funding from a variety of sources to help promote East-West partnerships.Social work theory and practice emphasises critical appraisal of policy and embraces issues of power, discrimination and oppression. Social work educators should therefore be especially alert to the complex ethical questions which these kinds of collaborations raise, and adept at finding practical solutions or workable compromises. This article explores these ethical and political issues with reference to a project to develop social work practice learning in a Russian oblast' (region). The project was an ambitious partnership of British, Ukrainian and Russian educators, involving numerous Russian social work and related agencies, and four Russian universities and colleges in one oblast'. The authors use a series of vignettes to help the reader achieve insights into these East-West transactions. The article concludes with a discussion of different interpretations of these dealings, using three prisms: technical assistance, neo-colonialism and mutual trade

Exact Solutions of a Remarkable Fin Equation

A model "remarkable" fin equation is singled out from a class of nonlinear (1+1)-dimensional fin equations. For this equation a number of exact solutions are constructed by means of using both classical Lie algorithm and different modern techniques (functional separation of variables, generalized conditional symmetries, hidden symmetries etc).Comment: 6 page

Consolidated science and user requirements for a next generation gravity field mission

In an internationally coordinated initiative among the main user communities of gravity field products the science and user requirements for a future gravity field mission constellation (beyond GRACE-FO) have been reviewed and defined. This activity was realized as a joint initiative of the IAG (International Association of Geodesy) Sub-Commissions 2.3 and 2.6, the GGOS (Global Geodetic Observing System) Working Group on Satellite Missions, and the IUGG (International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics). After about one year of preparation, in a user workshop that was held in September 2014 consensus among the user communities of hydrology, ocean, cryosphere, solid Earth and atmosphere on consolidated science requirements could be achieved. The consolidation of the user requirements became necessary, because several future gravity field studies have resulted in quite different performance numbers as a target for a future gravity mission (2025+). Based on limited number of mission scenarios which took also technical feasibility into account, a consolidated view on the science requirements among the international user communities was derived, research fields that could not be tackled by current gravity missions have been identified, and the added value (qualitatively and quantitatively) of these scenarios with respect to science return has been evaluated. The resulting document shall form the basis for further programmatic and technological developments. In this contribution, the main results of this initiative will be presented. An overview of the specific requirements of the individual user groups, the consensus on consolidated requirements as well as the new research fields that have been identified during this process will be discussed

Iron-mediated stabilization of soil carbon amplifies the benefits of ecological restoration in degraded lands

Recent observations across a 14‐year restoration chronosequence have shown an unexpected accumulation of soil organic carbon in strip‐mined areas of central Brazil. This was attributed to the rapid plant colonization that followed the incorporation of biosolids into exposed regoliths, but the specific mechanisms involved in the stabilization of carbon inputs from the vegetation remained unclear. Using isotopic and elemental analyses, we tested the hypothesis that plant‐derived carbon accumulation was triggered by the formation of iron‐coordinated complexes, stabilized into physically protected (occluded) soil fractions. Confirming this hypothesis, we identified a fast formation of microaggregates shortly after the application of iron‐rich biosolids, which was characterized by a strong association between pyrophosphate‐extractable iron and plant‐derived organic matter. The formation of microaggregates preceded the development of macroaggregates, which drastically increased soil carbon content (~140 Mg C/ha) a few years after restoration. Consistent with previous theoretical work, iron‐coordinated organic complexes served as nuclei for aggregate formation, reflecting the synergistic effect of biological, chemical, and physical mechanisms of carbon stabilization in developing soils. Nevertheless, iron was not the only factor affecting soil carbon content. The highest carbon accumulation was observed during the period of highest plant diversity (\u3e30 species; years 3–6), declining significantly with the exclusion of native species by invasive grasses (years 9–14). Furthermore, the increasing dominance of invasive grasses was associated with a steady decline in the concentration of soil nitrogen and phosphorus per unit of accumulated carbon. These results demonstrate the importance of interdependent ecological and biogeochemical processes, and the role of soil–plant interactions in determining the success of restoration efforts. In contrast with previous but unsuccessful attempts to restore mined areas through nutrient application alone, iron‐mediated stabilization of vegetation inputs favored the regeneration of a barren stable state that had persisted for over five decades since disturbance. The effectiveness of coupled organic matter and iron “fertilization,” combined with management of invasive species, has the possibility to enhance terrestrial carbon sequestration and accelerate the restoration of degraded lands, while addressing important challenges associated with urban waste disposal

Enhanced group analysis and conservation laws of variable coefficient reaction-diffusion equations with power nonlinearities

A class of variable coefficient (1+1)-dimensional nonlinear reaction-diffusion equations of the general form $f(x)u_t=(g(x)u^nu_x)_x+h(x)u^m$ is investigated. Different kinds of equivalence groups are constructed including ones with transformations which are nonlocal with respect to arbitrary elements. For the class under consideration the complete group classification is performed with respect to convenient equivalence groups (generalized extended and conditional ones) and with respect to the set of all point transformations. Usage of different equivalences and coefficient gauges plays the major role for simple and clear formulation of the final results. The corresponding set of admissible transformations is described exhaustively. Then, using the most direct method, we classify local conservation laws. Some exact solutions are constructed by the classical Lie method.Comment: 23 pages, minor misprints are correcte

Research Development Webinar Series: A Collaboration Amongst Touro College and University System Libraries

This collaboration amongst Touro College and University System (TCUS) libraries began as an initiative of the College Research Council to increase TCUS\u27s research footprint. Specifically, faculty and students needed to develop greater research knowledge and skills. The Library Advisory Committee, one of four subcommittees of the Research Council, recognized the wealth of research taught across the system by individual libraries, and saw this as an opportunity for collaboration

Safeguarding children in dentistry: 1. Child protection training, experience and practice of dental professionals with an interest in paediatric dentistry

* Few dental professionals with child protection training have experience of making referrals. * There is a wide gap in practice between recognising signs of child abuse and neglect and responding effectively. * This may indicate missed opportunities to save children from continuing abuse. * There is a need for improved child protection information, support and training for dental professionals. Abstract Following several highly publicised inquiries into the deaths of children from abuse and neglect, there has been much recent interest in the role and responsibility of all health professionals to protect children at risk of maltreatment. The findings of a postal questionnaire, sent in March 2005 to 789 dentists and dental care professionals with an interest in paediatric dentistry working in varied settings in the UK, are presented in a two-part report and discussed in the context of current multi-agency good practice in safeguarding and promoting the welfare of children. This first part explores reported child protection training, experience and practice. There was a significant gap between recognising signs of abuse and responding effectively: 67% of respondents had suspected abuse or neglect of a child patient at some time in their career but only 29% had ever made a child protection referral. The dental profession is alerted to the need to ensure necessary appropriate action to safeguard children is always taken when child abuse or neglect are suspected

Ultra-fast Vacancy Migration: A Novel Approach for Synthesizing Sub-10 nm Crystalline Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Nanocrystals

Two-dimensional materials, such as transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), have the potential to revolutionize the field of electronics and photonics due to their unique physical and structural properties. This research presents a novel method for synthesizing crystalline TMDCs crystals with < 10 nm size using ultra-fast migration of vacancies at elevated temperatures. Through in-situ and ex-situ processing and using atomic-level characterization techniques, we analyze the shape, size, crystallinity, composition, and strain distribution of these nanocrystals. These nanocrystals exhibit electronic structure signatures that differ from the 2D bulk i.e., uniform mono and multilayers. Further, our in-situ, vacuum-based synthesis technique allows observation and comparison of defect and phase evolution in these crystals formed under van der Waals heterostructure confinement versus unconfined conditions. Overall, this research demonstrates a solid-state route to synthesizing uniform nanocrystals of TMDCs and lays the foundation for materials science in confined 2D spaces under extreme conditions.Comment: MS+S