Acute kidney disease and renal recovery : consensus report of the Acute Disease Quality Initiative (ADQI) 16 Workgroup

Consensus definitions have been reached for both acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) and these definitions are now routinely used in research and clinical practice. The KDIGO guideline defines AKI as an abrupt decrease in kidney function occurring over 7 days or less, whereas CKD is defined by the persistence of kidney disease for a period of > 90 days. AKI and CKD are increasingly recognized as related entities and in some instances probably represent a continuum of the disease process. For patients in whom pathophysiologic processes are ongoing, the term acute kidney disease (AKD) has been proposed to define the course of disease after AKI; however, definitions of AKD and strategies for the management of patients with AKD are not currently available. In this consensus statement, the Acute Disease Quality Initiative (ADQI) proposes definitions, staging criteria for AKD, and strategies for the management of affected patients. We also make recommendations for areas of future research, which aim to improve understanding of the underlying processes and improve outcomes for patients with AKD

A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)

Meeting abstrac

Disorders of the Abdominal Aorta and Major Branches

Pediatric vascular disease is heterogenous, rare, and requires an interdisciplinary approach to management. Definitive diagnosis and medical stabilization of the underlying disease process should be obtained preoperatively when feasible. Autologous grafts are the preferred conduit for reconstruction, but synthetic or allografts are acceptable, readily available, and may be sized to specification. Aneurysmal disease should be treated early to prevent complications of rupture, occlusive dissection, thrombosis, or embolization. Stenotic disease can usually be treated conservatively with medical management of hypertension, though vascular reconstruction is indicated for hypertension refractory to medical therapy, end-organ damage of the kidneys or heart, stroke, claudication, limb-length discrepancy, or intestinal ischemia

Zvýšení viditelnosti komunikace IEC ve smart gridu

Energy systems like smart grids are part of critical infrastructure and their interruption or blackout may have fatal consequences on energy production, distribution, and eventually the life of individual people. In order to secure communication in Industrial Control Systems (ICS) and detect cyber attacks on smart grids, we need to increase visibility of ICS communication so that an operator can see what commands are sent between ICS devices. Security monitoring of ICS transmission requires (i) retrieving monitoring data from ICS packets, (ii) processing and analyzing extracted data, (iii) visualizing the passing communication to the operator. The  proposed work presents a concept of ICS flow monitoring system that extracts meta data from ICS packet headers and creates ICS flow records similarly to Netflow/IPFIX system. ICS flows represent communication in the smart grid network that is further visualized using dashboard and communication charts. Unlike traditional monitoring approach that works with network and transport layer data only, we extend flow monitoring to application layer with focus on ICS protocols. The proposed approach is demonstrated on monitoring IEC 60870-5-104 communication.Energetické systémy, jako jsou například chytré energetické sítě Smart Grid, tvoří kritickou infrastrukturu a jejich přerušení či výpadek mohou mít fatální důsledky na produkci a přenos energie, případně i životy lidí. K zabezpečení komunikace průmyslových řídících systémů ICS a k detekci kybernetických útoků na tyto systémy potřebujeme zvýšit viditelnost komunikace ICS tak, aby operátor mohl sledovat předávané zprávy. Bezpečnostní monitorování ICS přenosů zahrnuje extrakci informací z ICS paketů, zpracování a analýzu extrahovaných dat a vizualizaci probíhající komunikace operátorovi.  Tento článek ukazuje koncept monitorování toků ICS rozšířením Netflow/IPFIX systému. ICS toky pak reprezentují komunikaci v ICS systému, která může být znázorněna na řídícím panelu operátora. Narozdíl od tradičního monitorování, které sleduje pouze síťovou a transportní vrstvu, jsme rozšířili sběr dat i na protokoly ICS. Navrhovaný postup je demonstrován na komunikaci IEC 60870-5-104