204 research outputs found
Space-time bullet trains via modulation instability and nonlocal solitons.
We introduce the generation of dense trains of light-bullets in nonlocal nonlinear dielectrics. We exploit stable spatio-temporal self-trapped optical packets stemming from the interplay between local electronic and nonlocal reorientational nonlinearities, considering a seeded temporal modulation instability by specifically referring to nematic liquid crystals
Ultra-high-Q TE/TM dual-polarized photonic crystal nanocavities
We demonstrate photonic crystal nanobeam cavities that support both TE- and
TM-polarized modes, each with a Quality factor greater than one million and a
mode volume on the order of the cubic wavelength. We show that these
orthogonally polarized modes have a tunable frequency separation and a high
nonlinear spatial overlap. We expect these cavities to have a variety of
applications in resonance-enhanced nonlinear optics.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Integrated TiO2 resonators for visible photonics
We demonstrate waveguide-coupled titanium dioxide (TiO2) racetrack resonators
with loaded quality factors of 2x10^4 for the visible wavelengths. The
structures were fabricated in sputtered TiO2 thin films on oxidized silicon
substrates using standard top-down nanofabrication techniques, and passively
probed in transmission measurements using a tunable red laser. Devices based on
this material could serve as integrated optical elements as well as passive
platforms for coupling to visible quantum emitters.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Directional wetting in anisotropic inverse opals
Porous materials display interesting transport phenomena due to the restricted motion of fluids within the nano- to micro-scale voids. Here, we investigate how liquid wetting in highly ordered inverse opals is affected by anisotropy in pore geometry. We compare samples with different degrees of pore asphericity and find different wetting patterns depending on the pore shape. Highly anisotropic structures are infiltrated more easily than their isotropic counterparts. Further, the wetting of anisotropic inverse opals is directional, with liquids filling from the side more easily. This effect is supported by percolation simulations as well as direct observations of wetting using time-resolved optical microscopy
Accessible Light Bullets via synergetic nonlinearities
We introduce a new form of stable spatio-temporal self-trapped optical
packets stemming from the interplay of local and nonlocal nonlinearities.
Pulsed self-trapped light beams in media with both electronic and molecular
nonlinear responses are addressed to prove that spatial and temporal effects
can be decoupled, allowing for independent tuning. We numerically demonstrate
that (3+1)D light bullets and anti-bullets, i. e. bright and dark temporal
solitons embedded in stable (2+1)D nonlocal spatial solitons, can be generated
in reorientational media under experimentally feasible conditions.Comment: 17 pages, 4 figures A scale error in the index perturbation vs
average power dependence has been fixe
Efficient Terahertz Generation in Triply Resonant Nonlinear Photonic Crystal Microcavities
We propose a scheme for efficient cavity-enhanced nonlinear THz generation
via difference-frequency generation (DFG) processes using a triply resonant
system based on photonic crystal cavities. We show that high nonlinear overlap
can be achieved by coupling a THz cavity to a doubly-resonant,
dual-polarization near-infrared (e.g. telecom band) photonic-crystal nanobeam
cavity, allowing the mixing of three mutually orthogonal fundamental cavity
modes through a chi(2) nonlinearity. We demonstrate through coupled-mode theory
that complete depletion of the pump frequency - i.e., quantum-limited
conversion - is possible in an experimentally feasible geometry, with the
operating output power at the point of optimal total conversion efficiency
adjustable by varying the mode quality (Q) factors.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figure
Reducing youth suicide : systems modelling and simulation to guide targeted investments across the determinants
Background: Reducing suicidal behaviour (SB) is a critical public health issue globally. The complex interplay of social determinants, service system factors, population demographics, and behavioural dynamics makes it extraordinarily difficult for decision makers to determine the nature and balance of investments required to have the greatest impacts on SB. Real-world experimentation to establish the optimal targeting, timing, scale, frequency, and intensity of investments required across the determinants is unfeasible. Therefore, this study harnesses systems modelling and simulation to guide population-level decision making that represent best strategic allocation of limited resources. Methods: Using a participatory approach, and informed by a range of national, state, and local datasets, a system dynamics model was developed, tested, and validated for a regional population catchment. The model incorporated defined pathways from social determinants of mental health to psychological distress, mental health care, and SB. Intervention scenarios were investigated to forecast their impact on SB over a 20-year period. Results: A combination of social connectedness programs, technology-enabled coordinated care, post-attempt assertive aftercare, reductions in childhood adversity, and increasing youth employment projected the greatest impacts on SB, particularly in a youth population, reducing self-harm hospitalisations (suicide attempts) by 28.5% (95% interval 26.3–30.8%) and suicide deaths by 29.3% (95% interval 27.1–31.5%). Introducing additional interventions beyond the best performing suite of interventions produced only marginal improvement in population level impacts, highlighting that ‘more is not necessarily better.’ Conclusion: Results indicate that targeted investments in addressing the social determinants and in mental health services provides the best opportunity to reduce SB and suicide. Systems modelling and simulation offers a robust approach to leveraging best available research, data, and expert knowledge in a way that helps decision makers respond to the unique characteristics and drivers of SB in their catchments and more effectively focus limited health resources
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