Off-shoring’s Impact on Economic Growth of Developing Countries in Central and Eastern Europe.

This paper investigates the impact of the increased off-shoring in business and manufacturing to Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). Since the off-shoring process is a relatively new activity, there is no precise definition of how to measure its direct impact on a country’s economy. Thus the study is dedicated to identify the main economic factors associated with off-shoring and to examine their impact on the economic growth. The study has used a dataset on economic characteristics for 9 CEE countries (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania, Slovenia, Croatia) during the time period of 2000 - 2008. After applying fixed and random effects econometric model to the panel data for 9 countries, empirical results showed that FDI inflows that enter the country with offshoring processes have a positive influence on the GDP of those countries. Additionally, exports of manufactured products and ICT services are also shown to have a positive influence on GDP. At the same time, indigenous investments and private consumption do have a stronger impact on economic growth compared to foreign direct investments and exports, respectively

Specific features of biology of certain species of orchidaceae growing in south balkal region and problems of protection thereof

The investigation is concerned with the certain species of Orchidaseae growing in the south Baikal region. The object of investigation is revelation of the specific features of the biology of certain species of Orchidaceae and evadluation of the status of populations thereof in different conditions of habitation under the effect of diverse anthropogenic factors. The researchers have given a detailed botanical, geographic, ecological, phytocenotic and morphological characteristics of the Orchidaceae reculiarities of fifteen species of Orchidaceae, analyzed the age and spatial structure thereof, evaluated the status of cenopopulations thereof. The investigators have disclosed different degrees of immunity of the studies species to anthropodenic effects and seven forms and ten subforms of growth of Orchidaceae in the south Baikal region. Tn addition, the researchers have disclosed the formula for determining the area of the leaf lamina in certain species, outlined useful recommendations for setting up botanical preserves and revealed new and confirmed questionable localities of certain rare srecies of Orchidaceae. The materials pertaining to the methods of mapping the habital of the rare and vanishing species of vegetation in the south Baikal region have been employed in scheduling the comprehensive program of protecting the nature in the Baikal regionAvailable from VNTIC / VNTIC - Scientific & Technical Information Centre of RussiaSIGLERURussian Federatio

Bi nanolines characterization by linear optical methods

The present paper dedicated to experimental investigations of optical properties of Bi/Si(001) interfaces and Bi nanolines in a wide spectral range (1eV). The experimental study of optical absorption spectrum showed the widening of the optical band gap of Bi/Si(001) interfaces with increasing the bismuth coverage, whereas after nanolines formation the width of the optical band gap decreases. Features of the experimentally obtained reflectance anisotropy spectra and surface differential reflectance spectra concerned with changing of the silicon surface reconstruction from 2x1 to 1x1 with the increasing of the bismuth covering degree from 0.5 ML to 1 ML. The experimental study of reflectance anisotropy spectra and surface differential reflectance spectra of Bi nanolines shows that the bismuth atoms are still present on the surface of the substrate in small amount, but the optical properties of such structures are determined by Si dimers