SUBJETIVIDAD HUMANA REVELADA EN LOS TATUAJES DE LAS PERSONAS PENALES QUE CUMPLEN LA PENA

A tatuagem era associada à marginalidade e às classes socioeconômicas mais baixas, considerada inicialmente como sinais de contestação ou de comportamentos rebeldes. Lentamente a prática de se tatuar passou a estar presente em todos os níveis da sociedade, implicando mudanças de mentalidade e ressignificação de imaginários. O presente estudo utilizou como referencial teórico a perspectiva psicanalítica, tendo como objetivo refletir sobre a subjetividade humana revelada por meio das tatuagens em pessoas delitivas em cumprimento de pena numa Associação de Proteção e Assistência aos Condenados (APAC). O estudo foi submetido à apreciação ética pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa com Seres Humanos da Faculdade Patos de Minas (FPM) CAEE: 81171717.8.0000.8078. A coleta de dados se deu por meio da aplicação de um questionário elaborado pelas pesquisadoras a partir de um estudo piloto. Além disso, foi utilizada entrevista semiestruturada. A amostra foi composta por 10 participantes. Dos resultados obtidos por este estudo destaca-se: carências, prejuízos em fases anteriores de desenvolvimento, vivências de conflitos e desamparos relacionados a figura paterna. Do total, seis dos entrevistados revelaram que o sentimento atual que possuem em relação as suas tatuagens é de arrependimento.Tattooing was associated with marginality and lower socioeconomic classes, such as contestation or rebellion. Slowly the practice of tattooing was present at all levels of society, implying changes of mentality and resignification of imaginaries. The present study used as a theoretical reference the psychoanalytical perspective, aiming to investigate on the human subjectivities revealed through the tattoos, by delinquent individuals in compliance with the Apac model. Data collection is done through a semi-structured questionnaire. The sample was made by 10 participants. The results obtained in the tattoos are: deficiencies, damages in previous phases of development, experiences of conflict and helplessness related to the father figure. 60% of respondents revealed that the current feeling about their tattoos is regret.El tatuaje se asoció con la marginalidad y las clases socioeconómicas más bajas, como la contestación o la rebelión. Poco a poco, la práctica del tatuaje estuvo presente en todos los niveles de la sociedad, lo que implica cambios de mentalidad y resignificación de los imaginarios. El presente estudio utilizó como referencia teórica la perspectiva psicoanalítica, con el objetivo de investigar sobre las subjetividades humanas reveladas a través de los tatuajes, por individuos delincuentes que cumplen con el modelo Apac. La recopilación de datos se realiza a través de un cuestionario semiestructurado. La muestra fue realizada por 10 participantes. Los resultados obtenidos en los tatuajes son: deficiencias, daños en fases previas de desarrollo, experiencias de conflicto e impotencia relacionadas con la figura paterna. El 60% de los encuestados reveló que el sentimiento actual sobre sus tatuajes es de arrepentimiento

INTERCÂMBIO DE SABERES PROFISSIONAIS ENTRE RESIDÊNCIAS EM ENFERMAGEM OBSTÉTRICA

Objetivo: descrever a experiência de residentes em enfermagem obstétrica em intercâmbio profissional. Método: relato de experiência vivenciado por meio de convênio entre os Programas de Residência em Enfermagem Obstétrica do Centro Universitário Franciscano, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, e a Faculdade de Enfermagem da Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro, entre agosto e setembro de 2015. Resultados: foi oportunizado às residentes o acompanhamento e a assistência ao pré-natal, trabalho de parto, parto e puerpério imediato, de risco habitual, os quais eram assistidos integral e exclusivamente por enfermeiras obstetras, assim como o acompanhamentoe a assistência compartilhada com a equipe médica e residentes de medicina, de parturientes de alto risco e em processo de abortamento. Conclusão: foram possibilitadas às residentes em enfermagem obstétrica reflexões importantes sobre a assistência prestada no Rio de Janeiro e em Santa Maria.Descritores: Enfermagem Obstétrica; Parto Humanizado; Humanização da Assistência

Ansiedad dental y autoestima en pacientes pediátricos con ortopedia maxilofacial

The main repercussions of malocclusion could be linked to emotional and social well-being. Dental anxiety and self-esteem are emotions, prevalent in problems related to oral health. However, no studies of emotions in children with maxillofacial orthopedics have been performed. Psychometrics allows a reliable evaluation of psychosocial repercussions in an individual. The HTP projective test (house: house, tree: tree and person: person) requires that the evaluated individual make a drawing. The drawing technique presents reliability, validity and is consistent. From the above and in view of the existing information, it is necessary to review the HTP technique, its use and contribution in maxillofacial orthopedics. For this reason, the objective of this study was to analyze dental anxiety and self-esteem in pediatric patients with maxillofacial ortho pedic treatment. The method used was bibliographic review and content analysis. It was possible to determine that a maxillofacial orthopedist must fully master the oral health of children, its psychosocial influence and the use of adequate techniques to diagnose and manage their behavior, which contributes to an optimal doctor- patient / family relationship and mitigates non-compliance with the therapeutic indications, achieving success in the treatment.Las principales repercusiones de la maloclusión podrían estar relacionadas con el bienestar emocional y social. La ansiedad dental y la autoestima son emociones prevalentes en los problemas relacionados con la salud bucal. Sin embargo, no se han realizado estudios de emociones en niños con ortopedia maxilofacial. La psicometría permite una evaluación fiable de las repercusiones psicosociales en un individuo. La prueba proyectiva HTP (casa: casa, árbol: árbol y persona: persona) requiere que el individuo evaluado realice un dibujo. La técnica de dibujo presenta confiabilidad, validez y es consistente. Por lo anterior y en vista de la información existente, es necesario revisar la técnica HTP, su uso y aporte en la ortopedia maxilofacial. Por tal motivo, el objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la ansiedad dental y la autoestima en pacientes pediátricos con tratamiento ortopédico maxilofacial. El método utilizado fue la revisión bibliográfica y el análisis de contenido. Se pudo determinar que un ortopedista maxilofacial debe dominar a cabalidad la salud bucal de los niños, su influencia psicosocial y el uso de técnicas adecuadas para diagnosticar y manejar su conducta, lo que contribuye a una óptima relación médico-paciente/familia y mitiga su incumplimiento. con las indicaciones terapéuticas, logrando el éxito en el tratamiento

Espai de millora contínua dels plans locals de prevenció de drogues 2018. Orientacions aplicades per a la millora dels plans municipals de drogues

El present document és el resultat final de 'l'espai de millora contínua dels plans locals de prevenció de drogues 1', un espai de formació gestionat per la Subsecció de Projectes i Programes del Servei de Suport de Programes Socials de l'Àrea d'Atenció a les Persones de la Diputació de Barcelona i executat per la Unitat de Polítiques de Drogues de la Facultat de Psicologia de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. La finalitat d'aquest espai és proveir d'eines tant conceptuals com pràctiques a les i els professionals responsables d'un pla municipal o supramunicipal de drogues de la demarcació de Barcelona, per a millorar l'execució, l'aplicació, la qualitat, l'eficàcia i l'eficiència de tota activitat preventiva aplicada en l'àmbit municipa

RANK is an independent biomarker of poor prognosis in estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer and a therapeutic target in patient-derived xenografts

Despite strong preclinical data, the therapeutic benefit of the RANKL inhibitor denosumab in BC patients, beyond its bone-related effects, is unclear. Here, we investigated the prognostic value of RANK expression and its functionality in human BC. We analyzed RANK and RANKL expression in more than 1500 BC cases (777 being estrogen receptor-negative (ER-)) from four independent cohorts. We confirmed that RANK is more frequently expressed in ER- tumors, but it is also found in a subset of ER+ tumors. In ER- BC, RANK expression was independently associated with poor outcome, especially in postmenopausal patients and those who received adjuvant chemotherapy. Gene expression analyses unraveled distinct biology associated with RANK in relation to ER expression and menopause, and evidenced enhanced RANK activation in ER- postmenopausal tumors, together with regulation of metabolic pathways. Functional studies and transcriptomic analyses in ER- RANK+ patients-derived orthoxenografts demonstrated that activation of RANK signaling pathway promotes tumor cell proliferation and stemness, and regulates multiple biological processes including tumor immune surveillance and metabolism. Our results demonstrate that RANK expression is an independent poor prognosis biomarker in postmenopausal ER- BC patients and support the rational of using RANK pathway inhibitors in combination with chemotherapy in ER- BC.N

TRATAMIENTO DE MUCOCELE ROTO CON INFLAMACIÓN CRÓNICA ACTIVA MEDIANTE BIOPSIA EXCISIONAL EN LÁBIO INFERIOR: ESTUDIO DE CASO

Las mucoceles son lesiones benignas comunes de las glándulas salivares menores. Se pueden clasificar en quiste de retención de moco, que ocurren cuando la cavidad está revestida por epitelio ductal glandular y en su interior hay material mucoide; o en fenómeno de extravasación de moco, que representa una cavidad llena de moco y envuelta por una membrana fina o una cápsula de tejido de granulación. Hay varias opciones para el tratamiento de la mucocele como la criocirugía, la homeopatía, la marsupialización, técnica de Shira, enucleación, electrocirugía, y la vaporización con láser de CO2. El objetivo de este trabajo fue relatar un caso clínico de una paciente del sexo femenino, 13 años de edad, que compareció al Departamento de Patología de la Universidad San Gregorio de Portoviejo, Ecuador debido a una lesión en el labio inferior. En el examen clínico se observa; una formación tumoral en la cara interna del labio inferior con superficie mucosa que mide 1 cm de diámetro, presentando en la palpación consistencia suave, elástica. Según el relato materno, con evolución a más de un año. Considerando las características clínicas de la lesión, nuestra hipótesis diagnóstica fue: mucocele labial. La evaluación histopatológica confirmó la hipótesis diagnóstica

RANK is a poor prognosis marker and a therapeutic target in ER-negative postmenopausal breast cancer

Despite strong preclinical data, the therapeutic benefit of the RANKL inhibitor, denosumab, in breast cancer patients, beyond the bone, is unclear. Aiming to select patients who may benefit from denosumab, we hereby analyzed RANK and RANKL protein expression in more than 2000 breast tumors (777 estrogen receptor-negative, ER-) from four independent cohorts. RANK protein expression was more frequent in ER- tumors, where it associated with poor outcome and poor response to chemotherapy. In ER- breast cancer patient-derived orthoxenografts (PDXs), RANKL inhibition reduced tumor cell proliferation and stemness, regulated tumor immunity and metabolism, and improved response to chemotherapy.Intriguingly, tumor RANK protein expression associated with poor prognosis in postmenopausal breast cancer patients, activation of NFKB signaling and modulation of immune and metabolic pathways, suggesting that RANK signaling increases after menopause. Our results demonstrate that RANK expression is an independent biomarker of poor prognosis in postmenopausal ER- breast cancer patients and support the therapeutic benefit of RANK pathway inhibitors, such as denosumab, in breast cancer patients with RANK+ ER- tumors after menopause

Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)

In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Thus, it is important to formulate on a regular basis updated guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Despite numerous reviews, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to evaluate autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. Here, we present a set of guidelines for investigators to select and interpret methods to examine autophagy and related processes, and for reviewers to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of reports that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a dogmatic set of rules, because the appropriateness of any assay largely depends on the question being asked and the system being used. Moreover, no individual assay is perfect for every situation, calling for the use of multiple techniques to properly monitor autophagy in each experimental setting. Finally, several core components of the autophagy machinery have been implicated in distinct autophagic processes (canonical and noncanonical autophagy), implying that genetic approaches to block autophagy should rely on targeting two or more autophagy-related genes that ideally participate in distinct steps of the pathway. Along similar lines, because multiple proteins involved in autophagy also regulate other cellular pathways including apoptosis, not all of them can be used as a specific marker for bona fide autophagic responses. Here, we critically discuss current methods of assessing autophagy and the information they can, or cannot, provide. Our ultimate goal is to encourage intellectual and technical innovation in the field