Promoting Environmental Technologies in SMEs: Barriers and Measures

This report which is based on a the study conducted by the EIM Business & Policy Research on behalf of the Joint Research Centre Institute for Prospective Technological Studies, is a contribution to the development of the European Environmental Technologies Action Plan, ETAP, (COM (2004) 38). Thus far the role of SMEs in ETAP is underexposed in spite of the fact that SMEs play a crucial role in the European Economy. This report provides the ongoing work on ETAP with a better understanding of the barriers SMEs face when adopting environmental technologies. It also provides an analysis of specific measures for the promotion of environmental technologies in European SMEs.JRC.J.2-Competitiveness and Sustainabilit

On This Date, an Obituary of Dr. Albertus C. Van Raalte Was Published in De Bazuin

On this date, an obituary of Dr. Albertus C. Van Raalte was published in De Bazuin. Rev. Anthony Brummelkamp wrote the laudatory obituary. Brummelkamp had heard of V.R.\u27s death from Rev. Roelof Pieters, V.R.\u27s successor at the Pillar Church. Van Raalte died on 7 November at 7.30 a.m. His mind was clear to the end. V.R. was hailed as a gripping preacher.https://digitalcommons.hope.edu/vrp_1870s/1287/thumbnail.jp

Letter from Anthony Brummelkamp to A. C. Van Raalte Published in De Hollander

A letter written to Rev. Albertus C. Van Raalte by Rev. Anthony Brummelkamp, his brother-in-law, on 1 April 1856 accompanied the letter written by V.R. to De Hollander which were published on this date. The Brummelkamp letter also included a statistical report of the Separatist church in the Netherlands. The denomination now had 234 congregations and 134 ministers. This pastor de Liefde who reported on the Separatist church is not to be trusted as V.R. also said on 9 July in De Hollander.https://digitalcommons.hope.edu/vrp_1850s/1340/thumbnail.jp

Letter from Anthony Brummelkamp to Mrs. G. Groen van Prinsterer

In a letter to Mrs. G. Groen van Prinsterer from Rev. Anthony Brummelkamp, the author is clearing up some statements of Rev. Budding and chiding Rev. Hendrik Scholte for having an arrogant and sharp tone. A foonote to the letter mentions the school operated by Rev. Brummelkamp and Rev. Albertus C. Van Raalte in Arnhem.https://digitalcommons.hope.edu/vrp_1840s/1193/thumbnail.jp

Excerpts from the Report of the Synod of the Afgescheide Gereformeerde Gemeente in the Netherlands, Held from November 17 to December 3, 1840 at Amsterdam

Verslag van de Synode der Afgescheidene Gereformeerde Gemeente in Nederland, gehouden van den 17 November tot den 3 December 1840 te Amsterdam. Te \u27s Gravenhage, bij J. van Golverdinge, 1841. An excerpt, Toelichting, or Clarification, written by Albertus C. Van Raalte, pp. 18-20 in which A.C.V.R. gives his views in the church order debate, pp. 18-20; and Van Raalte and Brummelkamp co-author Over de Vrijheid van Godsdienst , or On the Freedom of Religion, in which the authors press for complete freedom of religion for the Separatist churches, pp. 25-27. In both of these items, key theological issues are highlighted.https://digitalcommons.hope.edu/vrp_1840s/1010/thumbnail.jp

Dr1 (NC2) is present at tRNA genes and represses their transcription in human cells

Dr1 (also known as NC2{beta}) was identified as a repressor of RNA polymerase (pol) II transcription. It was subsequently shown to inhibit pol III transcription when expressed at high levels in vitro or in yeast cells. However, endogenous Dr1 was not detected at pol III-transcribed genes in growing yeast. In contrast, we demonstrate that endogenous Dr1 is present at pol III templates in human cells, as is its dimerization partner DRAP1 (also called NC2{alpha}). Expression of tRNA by pol III is selectively enhanced by RNAi-mediated depletion of endogenous human Dr1, but we found no evidence that DRAP1 influences pol III output in vivo. A stable association was detected between endogenous Dr1 and the pol III-specific transcription factor Brf1. This interaction may recruit Dr1 to pol III templates in vivo, as crosslinking to these sites increases following Brf1 induction. On the basis of these data, we conclude that the physiological functions of human Dr1 include regulation of pol III transcription

Emigration, or, Why Do We Promote the Migration of People to North America and Not to Java?

Emigration, or, Why Do We Promote the Migration of People to North America and Not to Java? by A. Brummelkamp and A. C. Van Raaltehttps://digitalcommons.hope.edu/vrp_1840s/1239/thumbnail.jp

A robust system for RNA interference in the chicken using a modified microRNA operon

AbstractRNA interference (RNAi) provides an effective method to silence gene expression and investigate gene function. However, RNAi tools for the chicken embryo have largely been adapted from vectors designed for mammalian cells. Here we present plasmid and retroviral RNAi vectors specifically designed for optimal gene silencing in chicken cells. The vectors use a chicken U6 promoter to express RNAs modelled on microRNA30, which are embedded within chicken microRNA operon sequences to ensure optimal Drosha and Dicer processing of transcripts. The chicken U6 promoter works significantly better than promoters of mammalian origin and in combination with a microRNA operon expression cassette (MOEC), achieves up to 90% silencing of target genes. By using a MOEC, we show that it is also possible to simultaneously silence two genes with a single vector. The vectors express either RFP or GFP markers, allowing simple in vivo tracking of vector delivery. Using these plasmids, we demonstrate effective silencing of Pax3, Pax6, Nkx2.1, Nkx2.2, Notch1 and Shh in discrete regions of the chicken embryonic nervous system. The efficiency and ease of use of this RNAi system paves the way for large-scale genetic screens in the chicken embryo