A Study of the Interests and Aversions of Homemaking Pupils in 74 Vocational Schools in Texas

This study does not undertake to make a comprehensive survey of the interests and aversions of pupil homemaking. The primary objectives of the present study will be to answer the questions listed. 1. What are the interests and aversions of high school pupils in homemaking subjects and activities? (a) What areas of Homemaking are most interesting to high school pupils? (b) What is the attitude of the homemaking pupils toward certain major responsibilities involved in homemaking? (c) How do pupils react, generally, toward housekeeping duties? (d) Do pupils like to use their homes as laboratories in order to acquire skill? (e) Are pupils interested in developing manipulative skill? (f) Do pupils want to acquire managerial ability? (g) Do pupils prefer practical or theoretical problems? (h) Do pupils\u27 interests in foods go deeper than the eating? (i) What methods of cookery are preferred by pupils? 2. What physiological and sociological factors seem to affect these interests and aversions? (a) To what extent does the location of schools, whether town, city, or rural, seem to influence the interests of pupils? (b) What possible influence does the age level of homemaking pupils have on their interests and aversions? 3. What are the general values to be derived from the determination of pupil interests and aversions? These questions are considered paramount by the writer, and pertinent to the problem. Once the questions are answered, the writer hopes to be able to state some of the prevalent pupil interests and aversions in homemaking subjects and activities as given by the respondents. Having fulfilled this requirement, the ascertaining of characteristic attitudes and common problems may be altogether possible. Moreover, the writer will be in a better position to make generalizations concerning some of the factors affecting pupil interests and aversions. Finally, the writer may make some practical suggestions to teachers for making homemaking, as taught in school, more interesting to the learner

Targeted delivery of lysosomal enzymes to the endocytic compartment in human cells using engineered extracellular vesicles.

Targeted delivery of lysosomal enzymes to the endocytic compartment of human cells represents a transformative technology for treating a large family of lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs). Gaucher disease is one of the most common types of LSDs caused by mutations to the lysosomal β-glucocerebrosidase (GBA). Here, we describe a genetic strategy to produce engineered exosomes loaded with GBA in two different spatial configurations for targeted delivery to the endocytic compartment of recipient cells. By fusing human GBA to an exosome-anchoring protein: vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (VSVG), we demonstrate that the chimeric proteins were successfully integrated into exosomes which were secreted as extracellular vesicles (EVs) by producer cells. Isolation and molecular characterization of EVs confirmed that the fusion proteins were loaded onto exosomes without altering their surface markers, particle size or distribution. Further, enzyme-loaded exosomes/EVs added to cultured medium were taken up by recipient cells. Further, the endocytosed exosomes/EVs targeted to endocytic compartments exhibited a significant increase in GBA activity. Together, we have developed a novel method for targeting and delivery of lysosomal enzymes to their natural location: the endocytic compartment of recipient cells. Since exosomes/EVs have an intrinsic ability to cross the blood-brain-barrier, our technology may provide a new approach to treat severe types of LSDs, including Gaucher disease with neurological complications

Increasing Women’s Healthcare Access at a Student Run Free Clinic by Creating a Women’s Health Coalition

Introduction/Problem: The Indiana University Student Outreach Clinic (IU-SOC) was established to bridge gaps in primary care-based medical, dental, social and legal services to uninsured and underinsured Indiana residents. A bimonthly women’s clinic was later created to provide medical care to those with obstetric and gynecologic needs. Even with the introduction of a women’s clinic, mammogram referrals were not always being conducted, Pap smears were being deferred, and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) were not being treated appropriately. Here, we describe how the concept of the women’s clinic was expanded to a multidisciplinary coalition of medical students and a certified OB/GYN physician advisor dedicated to women’s health to address women-specific concerns. Methods/Interventions: A 62 person team was created ​to address each of the needs we identified in the clinic regarding women’s health. This team consisted of a finance chair, volunteer chair, clinic managers (CM), patient navigators (PN), appointment coordinators (AC), WH liaisons, education specialists, and quality improvement (QI) researchers. Eleven team leaders were created to assist with managing the different elements of the growing team. Results: Fifty-eight patients were referred to the WH PN team to help assist patients obtaining higher level care, 11 of which were successfully referred to date. Eight pregnant patients were seen at the clinic this year, an increase from six over the past three years combined. Fifty-six pap smears were completed this year, an increase from 37 over the past five years combined. STI, HIV, and hepatitis testing was performed on 281 patients, an increase from 149 from the past five years combined. Thirty-one patients were referred to a new twice monthly WH clinic to be evaluated by an OB/GYN or obstetrics-trained family medicine provider not previously accessible at the clinic. Labetalol, RhoGAM, and glucose tolerance tests were added to clinic resources to improve prenatal care. Protocols were written for sexual assault, abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), dysmenorrhea, HPV, and medications approved in pregnancy to standarize patient care. A new microscope was obtained to improve the ability to perform wet mounts. Conclusion: With the creation of the WHC, our volunteers have bridged gaps in medical care. Important and prevalent female reproductive and sexual health issues, like AUB, IPV, cervical and breast cancer screenings, and others are handled with the appropriate level of urgency and thoroughness they require. Nearly equally as important, we have trained and built a community of students who are passionate about women’s health ensuring sustainability

Enhancing the Australian National Health Survey Data for Use in a Microsimulation Model of Pharmaceutical Drug Usage and Cost

While static microsimulation models of the tax-transfer system are now available throughout the developed world, health microsimulation models are much rarer. This is, at least in part, due to the difficulties in creating adequate base micro-datasets upon which the microsimulation models can be constructed. In sharp contrast to tax-transfer modelling, no readily available microdata set typically contains all the health status, health service usage and socio-demographic information required for a sophisticated health microsimulation model. This paper describes three new techniques developed to overcome survey data limitations when constructing \'MediSim\', a microsimulation model of the Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme. Comparable statistical matching and data imputation techniques may be of relevance to other modellers, as they attempt to overcome similar data deficiencies. The 2001 national health survey (NHS) was the main data source for MediSim. However, the NHS has a number of limitations for use in a microsimulation model. To compensate for this, we statistically matched the NHS with another national survey to create synthetic families and get a complete record for every individual within each family. Further, we used complementary datasets to impute short term health conditions and prescribed drug usage for both short- and long-term health conditions. The application of statistical matching methods and use of complementary data sets significantly improved the usefulness of the NHS as a base dataset for MediSim.Base Data, Drug Usage, Microsimulation, Pharmaceutical Benefits, Scripts, Statistical Matching

Engineered Living Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Inflammatory Diseases

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a widespread, debilitating autoimmune disease characterized by painful inflammation of the joints. Current treatments for RA are either ineffective, expensive, or have undesirable effects, such as an adverse immune response. To mitigate these effects, we have designed an exosome-based treatment for inflammation. We chose to utilize exosomes for their longer half-life in the body, better penetrative capacity, and biocompatibility, thus improving upon previous RA treatments. To do this, we created a stable cell line to produce exosomes modified at the surface to express a tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR), which possesses the ability to act as a decoy and soak up soluble tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), a notable cytokine responsible for inducing inflammation. Exosomes were then harvested from this cell line and characterized with various imaging techniques to confirm that our desired modifications had been made. Then we tested the efficacy of our experiment in two models: direct treatment and coculture. Both models showed decreased levels of inflammation with the addition of our modified, treatment exosomes. If proven to be clinically successful, this therapy has the potential to be the first ever exosome decoy treatment

Implementing Scheduled Women’s Health Clinics at Free Student Outreach Clinic

Introduction/Problem: Since 2009, Indiana University Student Outreach Clinic (IU-SOC) has served the underinsured and uninsured members of the Indianapolis community. Many barriers to care exist within this community, from low income to lack of documented immigration status. One of the most concerning vulnerable populations observed was pregnant patients. Five years ago, the IU-SOC addressed this via creation of Women’s Health days on Saturdays every other month and in 2020 by creating an as needed prenatal clinic. However, the need still existed for general, non-prenatal women’s health concerns, which led to the expansion to a twice monthly general women’s clinic staffed by a board-certified obstetrician-gynecologist (OB/GYN). Methods/Interventions: In April 2021, twice monthly scheduled clinics were implemented for two hours on Wednesday evenings staffed by OB/GYNs or obstetrics-trained family medicine physicians. Additionally, the team available on Wednesday clinics expanded to include a women’s health specific clinic manager, women’s health patient navigator to facilitate referrals, and women’s health education specialist to address low health literacy. Results: In 2021, 15 women’s health clinic days have been hosted since April,expanding beyond prenatal patients and resulting in increased volume of this clinic. There were a total of 36 patient encounters from 31 different patients including eight pregnant patients. Other chief concerns addressed at the clinic included: infertility/preconception counseling, abnormal uterine bleeding, pelvic pain/mass, vaginal itching, dyspareunia, and preventive women’s health visit. Six patients received pap smears and sexually transmitted infection (STI) screening. Low pap smear and STI screening rates at the women’s health clinic are attributed to the presence of women’s health fourth year student representatives at general clinic days ensuring most patients receive pap smears and STI screenings prior to referral. Conclusion: We implemented a twice-monthly, referral-based women’s health clinic in 2021 that has successfully provided care for 31 different patients including eight pregnant patients for a variety of chief concerns and preventive care encounters. The presence of a certified OB/GYN has ensured appropriate management of prenatal and primary care women’s health issues. Consistent provision of women’s health care services helps to mitigate the many barriers to women’s health care in our Indianapolis community

Making sense of sensemaking in organization studies

types: Article© 2014 Annie Pye. Post print version deposited in accordance with SHERPA RoMEO guidelines. The definitive version is available at:http://oss.sagepub.com/content/36/2/265'Sensemaking’ is an extraordinarily influential perspective with a substantial following among management and organization scholars interested in how people appropriate and enact their ‘realities’. Organization Studies has been and remains one of the principal outlets for work that seeks either to draw on or to extend our understanding of sensemaking practices in and around organizations. The contribution of this paper is fourfold. First, we review briefly what we understand by sensemaking and some key debates which fracture the field. Second, we attend critically to eight papers published previously in Organization Studies which we discuss in terms of five broad themes: (i) how sense is made through discourse; (ii) the politics from which social forms of sensemaking emerge and the power that is inherent in it; (iii) the intertwined and recursive nature of micro-macro sensemaking processes; (iv) the strong ties which bind sensemaking and identities; and (v) the role of sensemaking processes in decision making and change. Third, while not designed to be a review of extant literature, we discuss these themes with reference to other related work, notably that published in this journal. Finally, we raise for consideration a number of potentially generative topics for further empirical and theory-building research

Alien Registration- Brown, Annie (Livermore Falls, Androscoggin County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/26949/thumbnail.jp

Clinical Process in Mentoring: A Theoretical Process

The ecosystems perspective is a metaphor that provides an understanding about the reciprocal transactions that take place between people and the social environment in which they function. Therefore, people and environments are part of a holistic system in which each shapes the other. This paper suggests that this perspective can be elucidated and adapted to conceptualize the environmental component of mentoring focus. The paper further proposes that such a conceptual perspective will provide mentors with a symbolic representation or picture of an individual\u27s view of the world

Relactation: A Phenomenological Approach

Relactation: A Phenomenological Approach Abstract Background: Human breast milk is uniquely suited to the human infant’s nutritional needs. Breast milk is a live substance with immunological and anti-inflammatory properties that protect against a host of illnesses and diseases for both mothers and children.1 Research shows that mothers without reliable perceived support, access to breastfeeding support groups, lactation specialists, or support from family may lack the confidence to breastfeed or may discontinue breastfeeding before the recommended amount of time.2 Relactation is the process of re-establishing a breast milk supply that has diminished or ceased. Reasons women relactate include untimely weaning, separation of mother and infant due to premature birth or illnesses, infant is unable to tolerate artificial infant milks, or natural disasters like earthquakes and hurricanes.3,4 A mother needs access to knowledgeable healthcare professionals who can assist her with the process of relactation. She also needs to have support from family, friends, and providers that can encourage and empower her to successfully relactate. Objective: To explore the lived experiences of women living in Montana who chose to attempt relactation. Methods: This qualitative research study focused on describing and interpreting the lived experiences of women who attempted relactation using a phenomenological approach, which makes no assumptions about the outcome, nor guides the participant to talk about any specific aspects of their experience. To ensure this unadulterated approach, interviews were completely unstructured. Participants were encouraged to describe the experience in their own words, and to talk about the issues that were important to them. This is the basis of a true phenomenological approach. Interviews were audiotaped and transcribed by the researcher and assistant. Interviews ranged from thirty minutes to two hours in length. Eight interviews were conducted in person, in a place of the participant’s choice which was usually in their home. Two were completed via telephone. A qualitative Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was used to analyze the data.5 The essence of IPA lies in its analytical focus, which directs attention towards the participants’ attempts to make sense of their experience. IPA is an iterative and inductive method which draws upon different processes such as line by line analysis of experiential claims, concerns, and understandings, identification of emergent patterns, coded data, participant’s psychological knowledge about what it might mean to have these experiences, and the development of a structure or frame which illustrates the relationships between themes.5,6 Results: An overarching theme that could have impacted the initial breastfeeding experience, and furthered the need for relactation, was having a difficult baby. Examples of being difficult included colic, latching issues, or a lack of bonding felt by the participant. Conclusion: Participants in this study all had one thing in common- they described their babies as difficult; either with latching, nursing because of excessive crying, or difficult to care for because the maternal-child bond was absent. All participants were surprised at how difficult breastfeeding was, and rightly so; they all had non-typical breastfeeding experiences. Women need to share their experiences instead of be ashamed of them, and they might realize many others have bumps in the road to breastfeeding. Well Established: Relactation is a process for re-establishing a breast milk supply when it has decreased or diminished. Reasons for relactation include, but aren’t limited to: untimely weaning, separation of mother and infant, inability to tolerate artificial infant milks, or natural disasters. Newly Expressed: This study provides insight into the lived experience of relactation and gives a voice to women who have attempted the process. While the general protocol for assisting a woman is well documented, this study highlights an emotional depiction of the experience described from the findings. 1. Lawrence RA, Lawrence RM. Breastfeeding: A Guide for the Medical Professions. Maryland Heights, MO: Elsevier Mosby Publication; 2011. 2. Lauwers J, Swisher A. Counseling the Nursing Mother: A Lactation Consultant’s Guide. Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Learning; 2011. 3. Wiggins PK. 911 Breastfeeding. Mothering. 2007;145:64-69. 4. American Academy of Pediatrics. Infant nutrition during a disaster, breastfeeding and other options. http://www.aap.org. Accessed May 25th, 2013. 5. Smith JA, Flowers P, Larkin M. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis: Theory, Method, and Research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications; 2013. 6. Smith JA. Hermeneutics, Human Sciences, and Health: Linking Theory and Practice. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being. 2007;2:3-11