Marshall University Music Department Presents a Senior Recital, Sharon Miller, Piano, Robert Brooks, String Bass

https://mds.marshall.edu/music_perf/1114/thumbnail.jp

Preserved local but disrupted contextual figure-ground influences in an individual with abnormal function of intermediate visual areas

Visual perception depends not only on local stimulus features but also on their relationship to the surrounding stimulus context, as evident in both local and contextual influences on figure-ground segmentation. Intermediate visual areas may play a role in such contextual influences, as we tested here by examining LG, a rare case of developmental visual agnosia. LG has no evident abnormality of brain structure and functional neuroimaging showed relatively normal V1 function, but his intermediate visual areas (V2/V3) function abnormally. We found that contextual influences on figure-ground organization were selectively disrupted in LG, while local sources of figure-ground influences were preserved. Effects of object knowledge and familiarity on figure-ground organization were also significantly diminished. Our results suggest that the mechanisms mediating contextual and familiarity influences on figure-ground organization are dissociable from those mediating local influences on figure-ground assignment. The disruption of contextual processing in intermediate visual areas may play a role in the substantial object recognition difficulties experienced by LG

Multi-lectin Affinity Chromatography and Quantitative Proteomic Analysis Reveal Differential Glycoform Levels between Prostate Cancer and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Sera.

Currently prostate-specific antigen is used for prostate cancer (PCa) screening, however it lacks the necessary specificity for differentiating PCa from other diseases of the prostate such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), presenting a clinical need to distinguish these cases at the molecular level. Protein glycosylation plays an important role in a number of cellular processes involved in neoplastic progression and is aberrant in PCa. In this study, we systematically interrogate the alterations in the circulating levels of hundreds of serum proteins and their glycoforms in PCa and BPH samples using multi-lectin affinity chromatography and quantitative mass spectrometry-based proteomics. Specific lectins (AAL, PHA-L and PHA-E) were used to target and chromatographically separate core-fucosylated and highly-branched protein glycoforms for analysis, as differential expression of these glycan types have been previously associated with PCa. Global levels of CD5L, CFP, C8A, BST1, and C7 were significantly increased in the PCa samples. Notable glycoform-specific alterations between BPH and PCa were identified among proteins CD163, C4A, and ATRN in the PHA-L/E fraction and among C4BPB and AZGP1 glycoforms in the AAL fraction. Despite these modest differences, substantial similarities in glycoproteomic profiles were observed between PCa and BPH sera

Radiation Doses of Common Dental Radiographic Examinations: A Review

Čak i male doze zračenja mogu biti biološki štetne zbog stohastičkih učinaka, kao što je, na primjer, nastanak karcinoma koji može potaknuti primljena količina radijacije. Efektivne doze radijacije variraju između 4 i16 μSv kod ortopanskih snimki, pa od 33 do 150 μSv kada se pojedinačno snima svaki zub u usnoj šupljini, naravno ovisno o primijenjenoj tehnici. Efektivne doze primljene kod CT-a s cone-beamom znatno su različite, a ovise o opremi koja se koristi, no općenito su veće nego kod ortopanskih snimki, a manje nego kod multidetektorskih CT-a. Načini na koje se smanjuje doza tijekom stomatoloških rendgenskih pretraga jesu ponajprije kriteriji je li uopće potrebna rtg snimka, zatim primjena receptora koji brzo reagiraju i bolja izoštrenost suženoga snopa, posebice kod djece.Even low doses of radiation have the potential to cause biologic harm by way of stochastic effects, those, like carcinogenesis, whose probability of occurrence is dependent on radiation dose. Effective radiation doses range from 4-16 μSv for panoramic radiographs to 33-150 μSv for a full-mouth intraoral series, depending on exact technique used. Effective doses from cone-beam CT vary significantly, depending on the specifi c equipment used, but in general are much higher than for panoramic radiographs but less than for multidetector CT. Methods to reduce the dose from dental x-ray examinations include the use of selection criteria to determine whether a radiograph is needed, the use of fast image receptors, and increased beam collimation, particularly for children

A Pilot Study of Chronic Disease Self-Management in a Homeless Population

This pilot project developed, implemented, and evaluated the Stanford Chronic Disease Self-Management Program (CDSMP) with sheltered homeless adults (N=10). Participants demonstrated positive change in self-rated health, health distress, self-efficacy, exercise behaviors, and communication. The CDSMP may be effective with homeless clients if additional incentives are incorporated to overcome barriers to succes

Acute compartment syndrome of the lower limb following childbirth : a case report

Background: Acute compartment syndrome is a limb-threatening and occasionally life-threatening emergency that is rarely reported as a complication following childbirth. Prompt diagnosis is crucial to avoid permanent functional restriction or even the loss of the affected limb. Clinical signs and symptoms might be nonspecific, especially in the early stages; therefore, knowledge of predisposing risk factors and signs and symptoms of acute compartment syndrome is necessary to prevent long-term complications and amputation. Case presentation: This paper presents a case of a 26-year-old primiparous Sri Lankan woman who developed acute compartment syndrome of the lower right limb following childbirth by cesarean section. Conclusion: Acute compartment syndrome is an important differential diagnosis in the setting of sudden onset of lower limb pain following childbirth. Predisposing factors for its manifestation within an obstetric environment are augmented labor, the lithotomy position, postpartum hemorrhage, hypotension following epidural analgesia, and the use of vasoconstrictive agents. If left undiagnosed and untreated, acute compartment syndrome may cause permanent neurovascular deficit, leading to a poor functional result, tissue ischemia, limb amputation, and rhabdomyolysis. If severe, and in large compartments, it can lead to renal failure and death. Alertness and a high index of clinical suspicion for the possibility of acute compartment syndrome are required to avoid a delay in diagnosis, and intracompartmental pressure measurement can be used to confirm the diagnosis

Effect of Ridge Morphology on Guided Bone Regeneration Outcome: Conventional Tomographic Study

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141560/1/jper1231.pd

Interracial Dialogues in Dixie: Expressing Emotions to Promote Racial Reconciliation

Given the legacy of racial injustice and mistrust that continues to plague race relations in the United States, it is important that citizens of different racial backgrounds come together to share their feelings and thoughts about race issues in order to advance racial reconciliation in their own communities. Saunders (1999) asserts that such dialogues can transform interracial relationships that could inspire the larger community to change itself. This study presents the results of nine interracial focus groups from two dialogues on race relations events held in Dothan, Alabama in 2015 and 2016. Our findings illustrate that many Black respondents displayed both anger and sadness as they provided stories of the institutionalized racism (e.g., racial profiling, educational inequality, residential segregation, etc.) as well as the more personalized racism that they had experienced. White respondents too demonstrated anger and sadness when relating their own experiences of strained race relations. This mixed-methods study also employed API analysis to further strengthen our original qualitative exploration of emotions. We argue that interracial dialogues can hold the potential for racial reconciliation as participants’ stories elucidate our most intransient race problems while also highlighting the emotions that connect discussants through the dialogic process

Snake prices and crocodile appetites: Aquatic wildlife supply and demand on Tonle Sap Lake, Cambodia

Commercial trade is a major driver of over-exploitation of wild species, but the pattern of demand and how it responds to changes in supply is poorly understood. Here we explore the markets for snakes from Tonle Sap Lake in Cambodia to evaluate future exploitation scenarios, identify entry points for conservation and, more generally, to illustrate the value of multi-scale analysis of markets to traded wildlife conservation. In Cambodia, the largest driver of snake exploitation is the domestic trade in snakes as crocodile food. We estimate that farmed crocodiles consume between 2.7 and 12.2 million snakes per year. The market price for crocodiles has been in decline since 2003, which, combined with rising prices for their food, has led to a reduced frequency of feeding and closure of small farms. The large farms that generate a disproportionate amount of the demand for snakes continue to operate in anticipation of future market opportunities, and preferences for snakes could help maintain demand if market prices for crocodiles rise to pre 2003 levels. In the absence of a sustained demand from crocodile farms, it is also possible that alternative markets will develop, such as one for human snack food. The demand for snakes, however, also depends on the availability of substitute resources, principally fish. The substitutability and low price elasticity of demand offers a relatively sustainable form of consumerism. Given the nature of these market drivers, addressing consumer preferences and limiting the protection of snakes to their breeding season are likely to be the most effective tools for conservation. This study highlights the importance of understanding the structure of markets and the behaviour of consumer demand prior to implementing regulations on wildlife hunting and trade

Validation of a specific selection criterion for dental periapical radiography

It has been recommended that the prescription of dental radiographic examinations be based on a series of selection criteria. This study evaluated the usefulness of the presence of a large or deep restoration as an indicator for the need for a radiographic examination. Patients in need of routine examinations were questioned regarding pain in restored teeth. The radiographs of 2269 restored teeth in 209 patients were evaluated for depth of restoration and presence or absence of periapical pathosis. Another 1306 nonrestored teeth in 100 patients were evaluated similarly. There was an association between pain and periapical pathosis and between depth of restoration and periapical pathosis (p < 0.001 in each case). Radiographic yield for positive apical findings was low in restored teeth, especially when the restoration was shallow. The radiographic yield may be increased if other factors such as pain or integrity of the restoration are used to help make the decision regarding the need for radiographs.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/30914/1/0000583.pd