PLANEJAMENTO TERRITORIAL : O MUNICÍPIO X A BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA

O artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa de mestrado que objetivou contribuir para a reflexão sobre uma nova forma de se fazer planejamento territorial, articulando as unidades regionais e locais, o meio urbano, o rural e o natural. Os estudos desenvolvidos demonstraram que realizar planejamento territorial integrado entre bacia hidrográfica e município é uma tarefa difícil, mas necessária

BIOMASS AND NUTRIENTS REMOVAL IN PURE AND MIXED POPULATIONS OF Pinus sp. IN SOUTHWEST BAHIA - BRAZIL

The magnitude of export of nutrients with forest harvest depends on the adopted waste management and, above all, on the distribution of biomass and nutrients in the trees, which is conditioned by the genetic potential and the species composition of forest stand.  The objective of this study was to quantify the biomass and nutrients of the trees and evaluate the effect of the management of harvest residues on the removal of nutrients from pure and mixed plantations of Pinus sp.. The study areas are located in the Southwest region of Bahia State, Brazil. Twenty trees per species were selected and felled under both planting conditions. The biomass quantification was performed by the destructive method. Samples of the tree components were analyzed for N, P, K, Ca and Mg contents. The total biomass was 75 Mg ha-1 for pure planting, and 81 Mg ha-1 for mixed planting, with wood and bark as the most representative compartments. Removal of the wood with bark led to too much nutrient removal, reaching a further 50% of the total contained in the biomass. Mixed planting has been shown more prone to export P, K and Mg. For both plantations, 64% of the N, P, K, Ca and Mg are in other components of the aerial part of the tree, and not in the wood. The elements that represent the highest risk for maintaining productivity are Ca and Mg

APLICAÇÃO DA FIBRA DE COCO NO PROCESSO DE ISOLAMENTO TERMO ACÚSTICO

Por ser um grande consumidor de água de coco, o Brasil possui um problema de descarte dos resíduos gerados por este consumo. Desta forma, pesquisas vêm sendo realizadas para propor aproveitamento deste resíduo do coco, no caso, sua fibra, com alta disponibilidade no país. Esta apresenta baixo custo e propriedades físico-químicas adequadas para confecção de chapas para isolamento termo acústico, representando um alto ganho energético com refrigeração e redução de níveis sonoros de impacto e aéreos, pois absorve as baixas frequências. Assim, este artigo visa fazer revisão bibliográfica sobre o produto e suas aplicações, verificando suas contribuições com relação à conservação ambiental, tanto pelo aproveitamento do resíduo quanto por seu desempenho termo acústico

FORMAÇÃO E PERSPECTIVAS DE CONSTRUÇÃO DE UMA REDE DE IDES ACADÊMICAS NO BRASIL (REDE IDEA)

A nota técnica trata do processo de constituição e articulação da Rede de Pesquisa em Infraestrutura de Dados Espaciais Acadêmica no Brasil (REDE IDEA Brasil). A responsabilização das Instituições de Ensino Superior no contexto de tornar os dados geoespaciais produzidos acessíveis e utilizáveis, seja dentro das universidades e instituições de pesquisa, mas sobretudo para o público em geral e a sociedade civil, é um contexto a ser tratado com mais seriedade

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Geoeconomic variations in epidemiology, ventilation management, and outcomes in invasively ventilated intensive care unit patients without acute respiratory distress syndrome: a pooled analysis of four observational studies

Background: Geoeconomic variations in epidemiology, the practice of ventilation, and outcome in invasively ventilated intensive care unit (ICU) patients without acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remain unexplored. In this analysis we aim to address these gaps using individual patient data of four large observational studies. Methods: In this pooled analysis we harmonised individual patient data from the ERICC, LUNG SAFE, PRoVENT, and PRoVENT-iMiC prospective observational studies, which were conducted from June, 2011, to December, 2018, in 534 ICUs in 54 countries. We used the 2016 World Bank classification to define two geoeconomic regions: middle-income countries (MICs) and high-income countries (HICs). ARDS was defined according to the Berlin criteria. Descriptive statistics were used to compare patients in MICs versus HICs. The primary outcome was the use of low tidal volume ventilation (LTVV) for the first 3 days of mechanical ventilation. Secondary outcomes were key ventilation parameters (tidal volume size, positive end-expiratory pressure, fraction of inspired oxygen, peak pressure, plateau pressure, driving pressure, and respiratory rate), patient characteristics, the risk for and actual development of acute respiratory distress syndrome after the first day of ventilation, duration of ventilation, ICU length of stay, and ICU mortality. Findings: Of the 7608 patients included in the original studies, this analysis included 3852 patients without ARDS, of whom 2345 were from MICs and 1507 were from HICs. Patients in MICs were younger, shorter and with a slightly lower body-mass index, more often had diabetes and active cancer, but less often chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and heart failure than patients from HICs. Sequential organ failure assessment scores were similar in MICs and HICs. Use of LTVV in MICs and HICs was comparable (42\ub74% vs 44\ub72%; absolute difference \u20131\ub769 [\u20139\ub758 to 6\ub711] p=0\ub767; data available in 3174 [82%] of 3852 patients). The median applied positive end expiratory pressure was lower in MICs than in HICs (5 [IQR 5\u20138] vs 6 [5\u20138] cm H2O; p=0\ub70011). ICU mortality was higher in MICs than in HICs (30\ub75% vs 19\ub79%; p=0\ub70004; adjusted effect 16\ub741% [95% CI 9\ub752\u201323\ub752]; p<0\ub70001) and was inversely associated with gross domestic product (adjusted odds ratio for a US$10 000 increase per capita 0\ub780 [95% CI 0\ub775\u20130\ub786]; p<0\ub70001). Interpretation: Despite similar disease severity and ventilation management, ICU mortality in patients without ARDS is higher in MICs than in HICs, with a strong association with country-level economic status. Funding: No funding

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Planejamento territorial : o município x a bacia hidrográfica

O artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa de mestrado que objetivou contribuir para a reflexão sobre uma nova forma de se fazer planejamento territorial, articulando as unidades regionais e locais, o meio urbano, o rural e o natural. Os estudos desenvolvidos demonstraram que realizar planejamento territorial integrado entre bacia hidrográfica e município é uma tarefa difícil, mas necessária. tara apresentar a complexidade que envolve essa tarefa, são inicialmente apresentados os pontos de maior relevância sobre a discussão teórico-conceitual das principais categorias geográficas e temas envolvidos. h estudo tomou como base a experiência da Bacia do Jiquiriçá, Bahia, Brasil e do município de Jaguaquara, pertencente a essa bacia. h enfoque do artigo é dado aos resultados das análises comparativas entre planos diretores da bacia e de município. São apresentados ainda os principais pontos para reflexão levantados durante a investigação, e os limites e potenciais do planejamento territorial integrado. _________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTThe article presents the results of a masters research that had the objective of contributing to a reflection over a new form of territorial planning, articulating the regional and local units, the urban, the rural and the natural ambit. The studies done show that performing territorial planning integrating the hydrographic basin and the county is a hard but necessary task. To present the complexity that involves this task, initially are presented points of greater relevance about the theoretic-conceptual discussion of the main geographic categories and the themes involved. The study had as basis the Jiquiriçá Basin, Bahia, Brazil and Jaguaquara county, belonging to this basin. The focus of the article is on the results of the comparative analysis between the master plans of the basin and of the county. The main points for reflection raised during the investigation are presented, as well as the limits and potentialities of integrated territorial planning

Planejamento territorial : o município x a bacia hidrográfica

O artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa de mestrado que objetivou contribuir para a reflexão sobre uma nova forma de se fazer planejamento territorial, articulando as unidades regionais e locais, o meio urbano, o rural e o natural. Os estudos desenvolvidos demonstraram que realizar planejamento territorial integrado entre bacia hidrográfica e município é uma tarefa difícil, mas necessária. tara apresentar a complexidade que envolve essa tarefa, são inicialmente apresentados os pontos de maior relevância sobre a discussão teórico-conceitual das principais categorias geográficas e temas envolvidos. h estudo tomou como base a experiência da Bacia do Jiquiriçá, Bahia, Brasil e do município de Jaguaquara, pertencente a essa bacia. h enfoque do artigo é dado aos resultados das análises comparativas entre planos diretores da bacia e de município. São apresentados ainda os principais pontos para reflexão levantados durante a investigação, e os limites e potenciais do planejamento territorial integrado. _________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTThe article presents the results of a masters research that had the objective of contributing to a reflection over a new form of territorial planning, articulating the regional and local units, the urban, the rural and the natural ambit. The studies done show that performing territorial planning integrating the hydrographic basin and the county is a hard but necessary task. To present the complexity that involves this task, initially are presented points of greater relevance about the theoretic-conceptual discussion of the main geographic categories and the themes involved. The study had as basis the Jiquiriçá Basin, Bahia, Brazil and Jaguaquara county, belonging to this basin. The focus of the article is on the results of the comparative analysis between the master plans of the basin and of the county. The main points for reflection raised during the investigation are presented, as well as the limits and potentialities of integrated territorial planning