16 research outputs found
THE ROLE OF MINERAL NUTRITION ON YIELDS AND FRUIT QUALITY IN GRAPEVINE, PEAR AND APPLE
ABSTRACT Fertilization of temperate fruit trees, such as grapevine ( Vitis spp.), apple ( Malus domestica), and pear ( Pyrus communis) is an important tool to achive maximum yield and fruit quality. Fertilizers are provided when soil fertility does not allow trees to express their genetic potential, and time and rate of application should be scheduled to promote fruit quality. Grapevine berries, must and wine quality are affected principally by N, that regulate the synthesis of some important compounds, such as anthocyanins, which are responsible for coloring of the must and the wine. Fermenation of the must may stop in grapes with low concentration of N because N is requested in high amount by yeasts. An N excess may increase the pulp to peel ratio, diluting the concentration of anthocyanins and promoting the migration of anthocyanins from berries to the growing plant organs; a decrease of grape juice soluble solid concentration is also expected because of an increase in vegetative growth. Potassium is also important for wine quality contributing to adequate berry maturation, concentration of sugars, synthesis of phenols and the regulation of pH and acidity. In apple and pear, Ca and K are important for fruit quality and storage. Potassium is the most important component of fruit, however, any excess should be avoided and an adequate K:Ca balance should be achieved. Adequate concentration of Ca in the fruit prevents pre- and post-harvest fruit disorders and, at the same time, increases tolerance to pathogens. Although N promotes adequate growth soil N availability should be monitored to avoid excessive N uptake that may decrease fruit skin color and storability
āļāļēāļĢāļāļāļāđāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļāļāđāļāļāļāļąāļāļŠāļģāļŦāļĢāļąāļāļĄāļāđāļāļāļĢāđāđāļŦāļāļĩāđāļĒāļ§āļāļģ āļāļĢāļāļĩāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļē: āļāļ§āļēāļĄāļāļīāļāļāļĢāđāļāļāđāļĢāđāļāļāļĢāđāđāļĒāļ·āđāļāļāļĻāļđāļāļĒāđāđāļāļāļāļāļēāļ āđāļāļĒāđāļāđāļāļąāļāļāļĩāđāļĨāļāļāļīāļDesign Protection System for Induction Motor: A Case Study Parallel Misalignment Rotor Fault Using Fuzzy Logic
āļāļēāļĢāļāđāļāļāļāļąāļāļāļ§āļēāļĄāļāļīāļāļāļĢāđāļāļāļāļāļāļĄāļāđāļāļāļĢāđāđāļŦāļāļĩāđāļĒāļ§āļāļģāļĄāļĩāļāļ§āļēāļĄāļāļģāđāļāđāļāđāļĨāļ°āļŠāļģāļāļąāļāļŠāļģāļŦāļĢāļąāļāļāļļāļāļŠāļēāļŦāļāļĢāļĢāļĄāļŠāļĄāļąāļĒāđāļŦāļĄāđāļāļķāđāļāļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļāļĨāļāļāđāļāļāļļāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļģāļĢāļļāļāļĢāļąāļāļĐāļēāđāļāļĢāļ·āđāļāļāļāļąāļāļĢāļāļĨ āļāļēāļāļ§āļīāļāļąāļĒāļāļĩāđāļāļģāđāļŠāļāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļāļāđāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļāļāļĢāļ§āļāļāļąāļāđāļĨāļ°āļāđāļāļāļāļąāļāļĄāļāđāļāļāļĢāđāđāļŦāļāļĩāđāļĒāļ§āļāļģ āđāļāļĒāđāļāđāđāļāļāļāļīāļāļāļąāļāļāļĩāđāļĨāļāļāļīāļāļĢāđāļ§āļĄāļāļąāļāđāļāļĢāđāļāļĢāļĄāđāļĄāđāļāļīāļĨāļĨāļāļāļīāļāļāļāļĨāđāļāļĢāļĨ (PLC) āđāļāļĒāđāļĢāļīāđāļĄāļāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļāļāđāļāļāđāļāļĒāļāļēāļĢāļāļģāļŦāļāļ 2 āļāļīāļāļāļļāļ āļāļ·āļ āļāđāļāļĄāļđāļĨāļŠāļąāļāļāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāļŠāļąāđāļāļŠāļ°āđāļāļ·āļāļāđāļĨāļ°āļāđāļāļĄāļđāļĨāļŠāļąāļāļāļēāļāļāļĢāļ°āđāļŠ āđāļāļ·āđāļāļŠāļĢāđāļēāļāļāļąāļāļāđāļāļąāļāļŠāļĄāļēāļāļīāļ āđāļĨāļ°āļŠāļĢāđāļēāļāļāļāļāļāļāļāļąāļāļāļĩāđāļāļģāļāļ§āļ 9 āļāļāļāđāļ§āļĒāđāļāļĢāđāļāļĢāļĄ MATLAB āļāļēāļāļāļąāđāļāļāļģāđāļāđāļāđāļāļāļāđāļāļāđāļĨāļ°āđāļāļĩāļĒāļāđāļāļĢāđāļāļĢāļĄāļĢāđāļ§āļĄāļāļąāļ PLC āļŠāđāļ§āļāļāļīāļāļāļļāļāļĢāļąāļāļŠāļąāļāļāļēāļāđāļāļāļ°āļĨāđāļāļāļāļēāļāđāļāļāđāļāļāļĢāđāļāļĢāļ§āļāļāļąāļāļāļēāļĢāļŠāļąāđāļāļŠāļ°āđāļāļ·āļāļāđāļĨāļ°āļāļĢāļ°āđāļŠāļĄāļāđāļāļāļĢāđāđāļĄāļ·āđāļāđāļāļīāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļīāļāļāļĢāđāļāļāļāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāđāļĒāļ·āđāļāļāļĻāļđāļāļĒāđāļāļāļāļĄāļāđāļāļāļĢāđ āļĢāļ°āļāļāđāļāļāđāļāļāļĢāđāļāļĢāļ§āļāļāļąāļāđāļāļĨāļāļŠāļąāļāļāļēāļāđāļāļāļ°āļĨāđāļāļāđāļāđāļāļŠāļąāļāļāļēāļāļāļīāļāļīāļāļąāļĨ (A to D) 4-20 āļĄāļīāļĨāļĨāļīāđāļāļĄāđāļāļĢāđ āđāļāļ·āđāļāļĄāđāļĒāļāļāļąāļāļāļīāļāļāļļāļāļāļāļ PLC āļāļēāļĢāđāļāļĩāļĒāļāđāļāļĢāđāļāļĢāļĄāđāļĨāļāđāļāļāļĢāđāđāļāđāļŦāļĨāļąāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļąāļāļŠāļīāļāđāļāļāļēāļāļāļāļāļąāļāļāļĩāđāļŠāļĢāđāļēāļāļāļąāļĨāļāļāļĢāļīāļāļķāļĄāđāļāļ·āđāļāļāđāļāļāļāļąāļāļāļ§āļēāļĄāļāļīāļāļāļĢāđāļāļāļāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāđāļĒāļ·āđāļāļāļĻāļđāļāļĒāđāļāļāļāđāļĢāđāļāļāļĢāđ āļāļĨāļāļēāļĢāļāļģāļĨāļāļāđāļĨāļ°āļāļāļĨāļāļāđāļŠāļāļāđāļŦāđāđāļŦāđāļāļāļĢāļ°āļŠāļīāļāļāļīāļ āļēāļāļāļāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļĢāļ§āļāļāļąāļāļĄāļĩāļāļ§āļēāļĄāļāļđāļāļāđāļāļāđāļāļĨāļĩāđāļĒāļĢāđāļāļĒāļĨāļ° 85 āđāļĨāļ°āļāļēāļĢāļāđāļāļāļāļąāļāļĄāļĩāļāļĢāļ°āļŠāļīāļāļāļīāļ āļēāļāļāđāļēāļāļāđāļ āļāļēāļĢāļ§āļīāļāļąāļĒāļāļĩāđāļāļķāļāđāļāđāļāļāļąāļāļāļēāļāļąāļĨāļāļāļĢāļīāļāļķāļĄāļĢāļ°āļāļāļāļĢāļ§āļāļāļąāļ āļĢāļ°āļāļāļāļąāļāļŠāļīāļāđāļ āļĢāļ°āļāļāļāļ§āļāļāļļāļĄāđāļĨāļ°āļĢāļ°āļāļāļāđāļāļāļāļąāļ āļāļķāđāļāļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļāļāļģāđāļāļāļĢāļ°āļĒāļļāļāļāđāđāļāđāļāļēāļāļŠāļģāļŦāļĢāļąāļāđāļāļĢāļ·āđāļāļāļāļąāļāļĢāļāļĨāđāļāļāđāļēāđāļāļāļļāļāļŠāļēāļŦāļāļĢāļĢāļĄFault protection system of induction motors is important for modern industry and cost maintenance of machine. The propose of this work is to design the detection and protection system of induction motor with using Fuzzy logic technique with Programmable Logic Control (PLC). Firstly, Fuzzy rule is designed by configure 2 input for create the membership function and create 9 fuzzy rule with Matlab and apply to create program PLC with the input used analog motor current by vibration and current sensors to convert digital input (A to D) 4-20 mA. to PLC. Secondly, protection system algorithm is designed and then this system is applied with PLC. The simulation and experimental results show that the efficiency of detection fault can be decided accuracy mean is 85% and protection have been satisfied. This study develops algorithm such as detection, decision, control and protection the application for maintenance and prevention which can be applied to the realization for electrical machine in the industry