533 research outputs found
Ciudad y EducaciĂłn. Conversaciones con Jaume Carbonell i Jaume MartĂnez BonafĂ©
Converses amb Jaume Carbonell i Jaume MartĂnez Bonaf
System Dynamics Modelling of the Processes Involving the Maintenance of the Naive T Cell Repertoire
The study of immune system aging, i.e. immunosenescence, is a relatively new
research topic. It deals with understanding the processes of immunodegradation
that indicate signs of functionality loss possibly leading to death. Even
though it is not possible to prevent immunosenescence, there is great benefit
in comprehending its causes, which may help to reverse some of the damage done
and thus improve life expectancy. One of the main factors influencing the
process of immunosenescence is the number and phenotypical variety of naive T
cells in an individual. This work presents a review of immunosenescence,
proposes system dynamics modelling of the processes involving the maintenance
of the naive T cell repertoire and presents some preliminary results.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, 9th Annual Workshop on Computational
Intelligence (UKCI 2009), Nottingham, U
Impact of diet and nutraceutical supplementation on inflammation in elderly people. Results from the RISTOMED study, an open-label randomized control trial.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Eating habits may influence the life span and the quality of ageing process by modulating inflammation. The RISTOMED project was developed to provide a personalized and balanced diet, enriched with or without nutraceutical compounds, to decrease and prevent inflammageing, oxidative stress and gut microbiota alteration in healthy elderly people. This paper focused on the effect on inflammation and metabolism markers after 56 days of RISTOMED diet alone or supplementation with three nutraceutical compounds.
METHODS:A cohort of 125 healthy elderly subjects was recruited and randomized into 4 arms (Arm A, RISTOMED diet; Arm B, RISTOMED diet plus VSL#3 probiotic blend; Arm C, RISTOMED diet plus AISA d-Limonene; Arm D, RISTOMED diet plus Argan oil). Inflammatory and metabolism parameters as well as the ratio between Clostridium cluster IV and Bifidobacteria (CL/B) were collected before and after 56 days of dietary intervention, and their evolution compared among the arms. Moreover, participants were subdivided according to their baseline inflammatory parameters (erythrocytes sedimentation rate (ESR), C-Reactive Protein, fibrinogen, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alfa (TNF-α), and Interleukin 6) in two clusters with low or medium-high level of inflammation. The evolution of the measured parameters was then examined separately in each cluster.
RESULTS:Overall, RISTOMED diet alone or with each nutraceutical supplementation significantly decreased ESR. RISTOMED diet supplemented with d-Limonene resulted in a decrease in fibrinogen, glucose, insulin levels and HOMA-IR. The most beneficial effects were observed in subjects with a medium-high inflammatory status who received RISTOMED diet with AISA d-Limonene supplementation. Moreover, RISTOMED diet associated with VSL#3 probiotic blend induced a decrease in the CL/B ratio.
CONCLUSIONS:Overall, this study emphasizes the beneficial anti-inflammageing effect of RISTOMED diet supplemented with nutraceuticals to control the inflammatory status of elderly individuals
Implementation of a webGIS service platform for high mountain climate research: the SHARE GeoNetwork project
The implementation of a webGIS service platform dedicated to the management and sharing of climatological data acquired by
high elevation stations is the core of the Station at High Altitude for Research on the Environment (SHARE) GeoNetwork project,
promoted by the Ev-K2 CNR Committee. The web platform basically will provide three types of services: structured metadata
archive, data and results from high-altitude environments research and projects; access to high-altitude Ev-K2 CNR stations and
creation of a network of existing stations; dedicated webGIS for geo-referenced data collected during the research. High elevation
environmental and territorial data and metadata are catalogued in a single integrated platform to get access to the information
heritage of the SHARE project, using open-source tools: Geonetwork for the metadata catalogue and webGIS resources, and the
open-source Weather and Water Database (WDB), developed by the Norwegian Meteorological Institute, for the database information
system implementation. The information system is designed to have a main node, with the possibility to install relocated
subsystems based on the same technology, named focal point of SHARE, which will contain metadata and data connected to the
main node. In this study, a new structure of metadata for the description of the climatological stations is proposed and WDB
adaptation and data preprocessing are described in detail, giving code and script samples
Hormone replacement therapy enhances IGF-1 signaling in skeletal muscle by diminishing miR-182 and miR-223 expressions: a study on postmenopausal monozygotic twin pairs
MiRNAs are fine-tuning modifiers of skeletal muscle regulation, but knowledge of
their hormonal control is lacking. We used a co-twin case-control study design,
that is, monozygotic postmenopausal twin pairs discordant for estrogen-based
hormone replacement therapy (HRT) to explore estrogen-dependent skeletal muscle
regulation via miRNAs. MiRNA profiles were determined from vastus lateralis
muscle of nine healthy 54-62-years-old monozygotic female twin pairs discordant
for HRT (median 7 years). MCF-7 cells, human myoblast cultures and mouse muscle
experiments were used to confirm estrogen's causal role on the expression of
specific miRNAs, their target mRNAs and proteins and finally the activation of
related signaling pathway. Of the 230 miRNAs expressed at detectable levels in
muscle samples, qPCR confirmed significantly lower miR-182, miR-223 and
miR-142-3p expressions in HRT using than in their nonusing co-twins.
Insulin/IGF-1 signaling emerged one common pathway targeted by these miRNAs.
IGF-1R and FOXO3A mRNA and protein were more abundantly expressed in muscle
samples of HRT users than nonusers. In vitro assays confirmed effective targeting
of miR-182 and miR-223 on IGF-1R and FOXO3A mRNA as well as a dose-dependent
miR-182 and miR-223 down-regulations concomitantly with up-regulation of FOXO3A
and IGF-1R expression. Novel finding is the postmenopausal HRT-reduced miRs-182,
miR-223 and miR-142-3p expression in female skeletal muscle. The observed
miRNA-mediated enhancement of the target genes' IGF-1R and FOXO3A expression as
well as the activation of insulin/IGF-1 pathway signaling via phosphorylation of
AKT and mTOR is an important mechanism for positive estrogen impact on skeletal
muscle of postmenopausal women
Centenarian Studies: Important Contributors to Our Understanding of the Aging Process and Longevity
Hormone replacement therapy enhances IGF-1 signaling in skeletal muscle by diminishing miR-182 and miR-223 expressions : a study on postmenopausal monozygotic twin pairs
MiRNAs are fine-tuning modifiers of skeletal muscle regulation, but knowledge of their hormonal control is lacking. We used a co-twin case-control study design, that is, monozygotic postmenopausal twin pairs discordant for estrogen-based hormone replacement therapy (HRT) to explore estrogen-dependent skeletal muscle regulation via miRNAs. MiRNA profiles were determined from vastus lateralis muscle of nine healthy 54-62-years-old monozygotic female twin pairs discordant for HRT (median 7 years). MCF-7 cells, human myoblast cultures and mouse muscle experiments were used to confirm estrogen's causal role on the expression of specific miRNAs, their target mRNAs and proteins and finally the activation of related signaling pathway. Of the 230 miRNAs expressed at detectable levels in muscle samples, qPCR confirmed significantly lower miR-182, miR-223 and miR-142-3p expressions in HRT using than in their nonusing co-twins. Insulin/IGF-1 signaling emerged one common pathway targeted by these miRNAs. IGF-1R and FOXO3A mRNA and protein were more abundantly expressed in muscle samples of HRT users than nonusers. In vitro assays confirmed effective targeting of miR-182 and miR-223 on IGF-1R and FOXO3A mRNA as well as a dose-dependent miR-182 and miR-223 down-regulations concomitantly with up-regulation of FOXO3A and IGF-1R expression. Novel finding is the postmenopausal HRT-reduced miRs-182, miR-223 and miR-142-3p expression in female skeletal muscle. The observed miRNA-mediated enhancement of the target genes' IGF-1R and FOXO3A expression as well as the activation of insulin/IGF-1 pathway signaling via phosphorylation of AKT and mTOR is an important mechanism for positive estrogen impact on skeletal muscle of postmenopausal women.Peer reviewe
Cunningham Hall and Gross Coliseum Facility Guidelines
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