The management of acute myocardial infarction in the Russian Federation: protocol for a study of patient pathways

Death rates from cardiovascular disease in Russia are among the highest in the world. In recent years, the Russian government has invested substantially in the healthcare system, with a particular focus on improving access to advanced technology, especially for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This protocol describes a study to understand the management of AMI in different Russian regions, investigating the role of patient, clinical, and health system characteristic

Group form of education and implementation of competence approach

In this article opportunities of group form of education for implementation of competence approach in educational process are being reviewedВ статье рассматриваются возможности групповой формы организации обучения для осуществления компетентностного подхода в образовательном процесс

MANAGEABILITY INCREASE IN POWER ELECTRICITY: THE INTRODUCTION OF DIGITAL AND INTELLECTUAL SYSTEMS

В работе говорится о внедрении цифровых и интеллектуальных технологий в электроэнергетику. Изложены основные направления развития интеллектуализации и цифровизации электроэнергетического комплекса. Уделено внимание этапам перехода на новый уровень электроэнергетики. Приведены примеры внедрения передовых решений в систему электроснабжения России.The paper presents the introduction of digital and intelligent technologies in the electric power industry. The main ways of the development of intellectualization and digitalization of the electric power complex are outlined. Attention is paid to the stages of transition to a new level of electric power industry. Examples of the introduction of advanced solutions in the power supply system of Russia are given

Prevalence of symptoms, ever having received a diagnosis and treatment of depression and anxiety, and associations with health service use amongst the general population in two Russian cities

BACKGROUND: Little is known about the burden of common mental disorders in Russia despite high levels of suicide and alcohol-related mortality. Here we investigated levels of symptoms, self-reports of ever having received a diagnosis and treatment of anxiety and depression in two Russian cities. METHODS: The study population was men and women aged 35-69 years old participating in cross-sectional population-based studies in the cities of Arkhangelsk and Novosibirsk (2015-18). Participants completed an interview which included the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scales, questions on whether participants had ever received a diagnosis of depression or anxiety, and health service use in the past year. Participants also reported current medication use and medications were coded in line with the WHO anatomical therapeutic classification (ATC). Depression was defined as PHQ-9 ≥ 10 and Anxiety as GAD-7 ≥ 10. RESULTS: Age-standardised prevalence of PHQ-9 ≥ 10 was 10.7% in women and 5.4% in men (GAD-7 ≥ 10 6.2% in women; 3.0% in men). Among those with PHQ-9 ≥ 10 17% reported ever having been diagnosed with depression (equivalent finding for anxiety 29%). Only 1.5% of those with PHQ-9 ≥ 10 reported using anti-depressants and 0.6% of those with GAD-7 ≥ 10 reported using anxiolytics. No men with PHQ-9 ≥ 10 and/or GAD-7 ≥ 10 reported use of anti-depressants or anxiolytics. Use of health services increased with increasing severity of both depression and anxiety. CONCLUSION: There was a large gap between symptoms and reporting of past diagnosis and treatment of common mental disorders in two Russian cities. Interventions aimed at improving mental health literacy and reducing stigma could be of benefit in closing this substantial treatment gap

Criteria for evaluating the effective use of ultra-strong textiles in personal armor protection

Проаналізовано критерії оцінки якості засобів індивідуального бронезахисту (ЗІБ). Встановлено, що ЗІБ повинні відповідати комплексу жорстких і суперечливих вимог, обумовлених умовами їх використання і ступенем очікуваної загрози.Проанализированы критерии оценки качества средств индивидуальной бронезащиты (СИБ). Установлено, что СИБ должны отвечать комплексу жестких и противоречивых требований, обусловленных условиями их использования и степенью ожидаемой угрозы.The criteria for assessing the quality of personal armor protection were analyzed. It was clarified that the personal body armor must meet stringent, complex and contradictory requirements arising from the terms of usage and degree of expected threats

Alcohol and fatal life trajectories in Russia: understanding narrative accounts of premature male death in the family

Background: In the post-Soviet period, Russian working-age men have suffered unusually high mortality rates. Earlier quantitative work found that part of this is attributable to hazardous and harmful patterns of alcohol consumption, which increased in the period of transition at a time of massive social and economic disruption and uncertainty. However, there has been very little work done to document and understand in detail the downward life trajectories of individual men who died prematurely from alcohol-related conditions. Building on an earlier case-control study, this unique qualitative study investigates the perceived interplay between men's drinking careers, their employment and family history, health and eventual death.Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with close relatives (most often the widow) of 19 men who died between 2003 and 2005 aged 25-54 years whose close relatives reported that alcohol contributed to their death. The study was conducted in a typical medium-sized Russian city. The relative's accounts were analysed using thematic content analysis.Results: The accounts describe how hazardous drinking both contributed to serious employment, family and health problems, and was simultaneously used as a coping mechanism to deal with life crises and a decline in social status. The interviews highlighted the importance of the workplace and employment status for shaping men's drinking patterns. Common themes emerged around a culture of drinking in the workplace, peer pressure from colleagues to drink, use of alcohol as remuneration, consuming non-beverage alcohols,Russian-specific drinking patterns, attitudes to treatment, and passive attitudes towards health and drinking.Conclusions: The study provides a unique insight into the personal decline that lies behind the extremely high working-age mortality due to heavy drinking in Russia, and highlights how health status and hazardous drinking are often closely intertwined with economic and social functioning. Descriptions of the development of drinking careers, hazardous drinking patterns and treatment experiences can be used to plan effective interventions relevant in the Russian context

The Effect of Neutral Atoms on Capillary Discharge Z-pinch

We study the effect of neutral atoms on the dynamics of a capillary discharge Z-pinch, in a regime for which a large soft-x-ray amplification has been demonstrated. We extended the commonly used one-fluid magneto-hydrodynamics (MHD) model by separating out the neutral atoms as a second fluid. Numerical calculations using this extended model yield new predictions for the dynamics of the pinch collapse, and better agreement with known measured data.Comment: 4 pages, 4 postscript figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. Let

On production and asymmetric focusing of flat electron beams using rectangular capillary discharge plasmas

A method for the asymmetric focusing of electron bunches, based on the active plasma lensing technique is proposed. This method takes advantage of the strong inhomogeneous magnetic field generated inside the capillary discharge plasma to focus the ultrarelativistic electrons. The plasma and magnetic field parameters inside the capillary discharge are described theoretically and modeled with dissipative magnetohydrodynamic computer simulations enabling analysis of the capillaries of rectangle cross-sections. Large aspect ratio rectangular capillaries might be used to transport electron beams with high emittance asymmetries, as well as assist in forming spatially flat electron bunches for final focusing before the interaction point.Comment: 16 pages, 7 figures, 1 tabl