The University of Scholarly Deeds

The rhetoric of academic debates, especially at budget times, neglects some very important realities of the university. Acknowledging these realities means giving up some pretensions, but it opens the way to responsible action

Pre-nucleation clusters as solute precursors in crystallisation

Crystallisation is at the heart of various scientific disciplines, but still the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying phase separation and the formation of the first solid particles in aqueous solution is rather limited. In this review, classical nucleation theory, as well as established concepts of spinodal decomposition and liquid–liquid demixing, is introduced together with a description of the recently proposed pre-nucleation cluster pathway. The features of pre-nucleation clusters are presented and discussed in relation to recent modifications of the classical and established models for phase separation, together with a review of experimental work and computer simulations on the characteristics of pre-nucleation clusters of calcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, iron(oxy)(hydr)oxide, silica, and also amino acids as an example of small organic molecules. The role of pre-nucleation clusters as solute precursors in the emergence of a new phase is summarized, and the link between the chemical speciation of homogeneous solutions and the process of phase separation via pre-nucleation clusters is highlighted

Perspectives in special education personal orientations

XII+324hlm.;23c

Changing Patterns in Residential Services for the Mentally Retarded

https://digitalcommons.unmc.edu/wolf_books/1007/thumbnail.jp