The acoustic and auditory contexts of human behavior

Sound is a crucial component of the human communicative toolkit (Cross and Woodruff 2009); however, as a topic of research, it has been relatively neglected in archaeological method and theory. We propose that a framework requires to be developed in which inferences can be made about the significance of sound in the past that are not bounded by the particularities of current cultural contexts. Such a framework should be multidisciplinary and draw on what is known scientifically about human sensitivities to and uses of sound, including nonverbal vocalizations, speech and music, ethological studies which offer insight into how sound perception and environment affect sociality and survival, and the effects of environment on socially significant human sound.This is the final published version. It first appeared in Current Anthropology at http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/679445

Data science & neutrino physics : improving the Pandora Reconstruction Framework at the DUNE far detector

This thesis outlines two new methods to drastically improve the reconstruc- tion capabilities of neutrino events at Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE), in the Pandora reconstruction framework. The liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC), the detector technology of choice at DUNE, provides high spatial and calorimetric resolutions, presenting a difficult but exciting reconstruction problem. One of the main reconstruction frameworks for event reconstruction in LArTPCs is Pandora, a software development kit using a multi-algorithm approach to pattern recognition, which is designed to target the complex pattern recognition problems that occur in particle physics. The work in this thesis includes an overhaul of the 3D event reconstruction for tracks, producing 3D hits from combinations of underlying 2D positions. This new method produces more coherent and truthful 3D representations of tracks, by intelligently selecting hits from a generated 3D point cloud through stages of fitting. Secondly, a graph neural network (GNN) is utilised for the complex problem of electromagnetic shower growing, taking an electron or photon shower that is clustered into hundreds of small groups and producing larger, more representative clusters per shower, whilst avoiding contamination from other interactions in the event. Deep learning is used to give a more global view of the event for growing, and to better use the topological features of the showers to help the growing process. All this work is verified on DUNE far detector simulated data, to give an understanding of what performance gains are made, and the failure modes they fix. Verification of the deep learning method is performed on real test beam data from ProtoDUNE Single-Phase (ProtoDUNE-SP) at CERN. This verification helps give confidence that work performed on simulated data can also be applied to real data, which is especially interesting for methods that utilise deep learning

The VISTA Science Archive

We describe the VISTA Science Archive (VSA) and its first public release of data from five of the six VISTA Public Surveys. The VSA exists to support the VISTA Surveys through their lifecycle: the VISTA Public Survey consortia can use it during their quality control assessment of survey data products before submission to the ESO Science Archive Facility (ESO SAF); it supports their exploitation of survey data prior to its publication through the ESO SAF; and, subsequently, it provides the wider community with survey science exploitation tools that complement the data product repository functionality of the ESO SAF. This paper has been written in conjunction with the first public release of public survey data through the VSA and is designed to help its users understand the data products available and how the functionality of the VSA supports their varied science goals. We describe the design of the database and outline the database-driven curation processes that take data from nightly pipeline-processed and calibrated FITS files to create science-ready survey datasets. Much of this design, and the codebase implementing it, derives from our earlier WFCAM Science Archive (WSA), so this paper concentrates on the VISTA-specific aspects and on improvements made to the system in the light of experience gained in operating the WSA.Comment: 22 pages, 16 figures. Minor edits to fonts and typos after sub-editting. Published in A&

Variable coordination of amine functionalised N-heterocyclic carbene ligands to Ru, Rh and Rr: C-H and N-H activation and catalytic transfer hydrogenation

Chelating amine and amido complexes of late transition metals are highly valuable bifunctional catalysts in organic synthesis, but complexes of bidentate amine–NHC and amido–NHC ligands are scarce. Hence, we report the reactions of a secondary-amine functionalised imidazolium salt 2a and a primary-amine functionalised imidazolium salt 2b with [( p -cymene)RuCl 2 ] 2 and [Cp*MCl 2 ] 2 (M = Rh, Ir). Treating 2a with [Cp*MCl 2 ] 2 and NaOAc gave the cyclometallated compounds Cp*M(C,C)I (M = Rh, 3 ;M = Ir, 4 ), resulting from aromatic C–H activation. In contrast, treating 2b with [( p -cymene)RuCl 2 ] 2 ,Ag 2 O and KI gave the amine–NHC complex [( p -cymene)Ru(C,NH 2 )I]I ( 5 ). The reaction of 2b with [Cp*MCl 2 ] 2 (M = Rh, Ir), NaO t Bu and KI gave the amine–NHC complex [Cp*Rh(NH 2 )I]I ( 6 ) or the amido–NHC complex Cp*Ir(C,NH)I ( 7 ); both protonation states of the Ir complex could be accessed: treating 7 with trifluoroacetic acid gave the amine–NHC complex [Cp*Ir(C,NH 2 )I][CF 3 CO 2 ]( 8 ). These are the first primary amine– or amido–NHC complexes of Rh and Ir. Solid-state structures of the complexes 3–8 have been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Complexes 5 , 6 and 7 are pre-catalysts for the catalytic transfer hydrogenation of acetophenone to 1-phenylethanol, with ruthenium complex 5 demonstrating especially high reactivity

Проблема конкуренції криінально-правових норм (кримінальних законів) у науці пострадянського (радянського) кримінального права та в науці кримінального права держав, які відносяться до романо-германської правової сім'ї

У статті проаналізовано наукові погляди на конкуренцію кримінально-правових норм (кримінальних законів) у теорії пострадянського (радянського) кримінального права та в теорії кримінального права держав, які відносяться до романо-германської правової сім'ї. Ключові слова: конкуренція кримінально-правових норм, конкуренція законів.В статье анализируются научные взгляды на конкуренцию уголовно-правовых норм (уголовных законов) в теории постсоветского (советского) уголовного права и в теории уголовного права государств, которые относятся к романо-германской правовой семье. Ключевые слова: конкуренция уголовно-правовых норм, конкуренция законов.In the article scientific looks are analyzed to the competition of criminal law norm’s (criminal laws) in the theory of post-soviet (soviet) criminal law and in the theory of criminal law of the states which behave to the legal system of civil law. Key words: competition of criminal law norm’s, competition of laws

Archiving multi-epoch data and the discovery of variables in the near infrared

We present a description of the design and usage of a new synoptic pipeline and database model for time series photometry in the VISTA Data Flow System (VDFS). All UKIRT-WFCAM data and most of the VISTA main survey data will be processed and archived by the VDFS. Much of these data are multi-epoch, useful for finding moving and variable objects. Our new database design allows the users to easily find rare objects of these types amongst the huge volume of data being produced by modern survey telescopes. Its effectiveness is demonstrated through examples using Data Release 5 of the UKIDSS Deep Extragalactic Survey (DXS) and the WFCAM standard star data. The synoptic pipeline provides additional quality control and calibration to these data in the process of generating accurate light-curves. We find that 0.6+-0.1% of stars and 2.3+-0.6% of galaxies in the UKIDSS-DXS with K<15 mag are variable with amplitudes \Delta K>0.015 magComment: 30 pages, 31 figures, MNRAS, in press Minor changes from previous version due to refereeing and proof-readin

Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE), Far Detector Technical Design Report, Volume III DUNE Far Detector Technical Coordination

The preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe, the dynamics of the supernovae that produced the heavy elements necessary for life, and whether protons eventually decay -- these mysteries at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics are key to understanding the early evolution of our universe, its current state, and its eventual fate. The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is an international world-class experiment dedicated to addressing these questions as it searches for leptonic charge-parity symmetry violation, stands ready to capture supernova neutrino bursts, and seeks to observe nucleon decay as a signature of a grand unified theory underlying the standard model. The DUNE far detector technical design report (TDR) describes the DUNE physics program and the technical designs of the single- and dual-phase DUNE liquid argon TPC far detector modules. Volume III of this TDR describes how the activities required to design, construct, fabricate, install, and commission the DUNE far detector modules are organized and managed. This volume details the organizational structures that will carry out and/or oversee the planned far detector activities safely, successfully, on time, and on budget. It presents overviews of the facilities, supporting infrastructure, and detectors for context, and it outlines the project-related functions and methodologies used by the DUNE technical coordination organization, focusing on the areas of integration engineering, technical reviews, quality assurance and control, and safety oversight. Because of its more advanced stage of development, functional examples presented in this volume focus primarily on the single-phase (SP) detector module