A new surgical technique to facilitate osteochondral autograft transfer in osteochondral defects of the capitellum: A case report

A 17-year-old boy who was engaged in amateur weightlifting and body building presented with complaints of right elbow pain and limitation in elbow range of motion. Plain x-rays and magnetic resonance imaging showed an osteochondral defect in the medial third of the capitellum. At surgery, as a new technique, the lateral collateral ligament was detached from the humeral attachment to provide access to the capitellum with a clear and perpendicular exposure. Following removal of loose fragments within the joint, an osteochondral graft harvested from the lateral femoral condyle was implanted to the defect area of the capitellum. Postoperative radiologic controls showed that the defect was entirely filled by the graft with appropriate graft height. On follow-up examination at 12 months, the patient did not have any complaint about his elbow, and had no limitation of movement compared to the left elbow. Magnetic resonance imaging showed that the graft was successfully adapted to the recipient site without any sign of loosening. At final follow-up 40 months after surgery, the surface of the articular cartilage appeared normal. The range of elbow motion was preserved and the patient had no restriction in daily and sports activities. Considering technical difficulties posed by the narrow and complex structure of the elbow joint, this new technique involving detachment of the lateral collateral ligament facilitates perpendicular implantation of the graft. In our opinion, utilization of this new technique will improve functional and radiological results of osteochondral autograft transfer. © 2010 Turkish Association of Orthopaedics and Traumatology

On the Modern Cult of Authenticity: Prolegomena to a Study of Berlin’s Pergamon Museum

The main concern of this essay is to sketch out a theoretical framework for a study of the Pergamon Museum in Berlin (conceived in 1907 and completed in 1930), Germany’s most ambitious presentation of the Middle Eastern antiquities and a self-acclaimed “museum of ancient architecture.” I am particularly interested in exploring the historical intersections between the German reconstruction of antiquity and the emergence of an international discourse of authenticity in the twentieth century, whose ramifications can be seen in a variety of fields from the disciplinary practices of museology and historic preservation to the popular conceptions of cultural heritage

The impact of New Public Management on efficiency : an analysis of Madrid’s hospitals.

Madrid has recently become the site of one the most controversial cases of public healthcare reform in the European Union. Despite the fact that the introduction of New Public Management (NPM) into Madrid hospitals has been vigorous, little scholarship has been done to test whether NPM actually led to technical efficiency. This paper is one of the first attempts to do so. We deploy a bootstrapped Data Envelopment Analysis to compare efficiency scores in traditionally managed hospitals and those operating with new management formulas. We do not find evidence that NPM hospitals are more efficient than traditionally managed ones. Moreover, our results suggest that what actually matters may be the management itself, rather than the management model

Novel Evidence of HBV Recombination in Family Cluster Infections in Western China

Two hepatitis B virus (HBV) C/D recombinants were isolated from western China. No direct evidence indicates that these new viruses arose as a result of recombination between genotype C and D or a result of convergence. In this study, we search for evidence of intra-individual recombination in the family cluster cases with co-circulation of genotype C, D and C/D recombinants. We studied 68 individuals from 15 families with HBV infections in 2006, identified individuals with mixed HBV genotype co-infections by restriction fragment length polymorphism and proceeded with cloning and DNA sequencing. Recombination signals were detected by RDP3 software and confirmed by split phylogenetic trees. Families with mixed HBV genotype co-infections were resampled in 2007. Three of 15 families had individuals with different HBV genotype co-infections in 2006. One individual (Y2) had a triple infection of HBV genotype C, D and C/D recombinant in 2006, but only genotype D in 2007. Further clonal analysis of this patient indicated that the C/D recombinant was not identical to previously isolated CD1 or CD2, but many novel recombinants with C2, D1 and CD1 were simultaneously found. All parental strains could recombine with each other to form new recombinant in this patient. This indicates that the detectable mixed infection and recombination have a limited time window. Also, as the recombinant nature of HBV precludes the possibility of a simple phylogenetic taxonomy, a new standard may be required for classifying HBV sequences

βα-Hairpin Clamps Brace βαβ Modules and Can Make Substantive Contributions to the Stability of TIM Barrel Proteins

Non-local hydrogen bonding interactions between main chain amide hydrogen atoms and polar side chain acceptors that bracket consecutive βα or αβ elements of secondary structure in αTS from E. coli, a TIM barrel protein, have previously been found to contribute 4–6 kcal mol−1 to the stability of the native conformation. Experimental analysis of similar βα-hairpin clamps in a homologous pair of TIM barrel proteins of low sequence identity, IGPS from S. solfataricus and E. coli, reveals that this dramatic enhancement of stability is not unique to αTS. A survey of 71 TIM barrel proteins demonstrates a 4-fold symmetry for the placement of βα-hairpin clamps, bracing the fundamental βαβ building block and defining its register in the (βα)8 motif. The preferred sequences and locations of βα-hairpin clamps will enhance structure prediction algorithms and provide a strategy for engineering stability in TIM barrel proteins

Eco-efficiency measurement and material balance principle:an application in power plants Malmquist Luenberger Index

Incorporating Material Balance Principle (MBP) in industrial and agricultural performance measurement systems with pollutant factors has been on the rise in recent years. Many conventional methods of performance measurement have proven incompatible with the material flow conditions. This study will address the issue of eco-efficiency measurement adjusted for pollution, taking into account materials flow conditions and the MBP requirements, in order to provide ‘real’ measures of performance that can serve as guides when making policies. We develop a new approach by integrating slacks-based measure to enhance the Malmquist Luenberger Index by a material balance condition that reflects the conservation of matter. This model is compared with a similar model, which incorporates MBP using the trade-off approach to measure productivity and eco-efficiency trends of power plants. Results reveal similar findings for both models substantiating robustness and applicability of the proposed model in this paper

Metal-Free ALS Variants of Dimeric Human Cu,Zn-Superoxide Dismutase Have Enhanced Populations of Monomeric Species

Amino acid replacements at dozens of positions in the dimeric protein human, Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) can cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Although it has long been hypothesized that these mutations might enhance the populations of marginally-stable aggregation-prone species responsible for cellular toxicity, there has been little quantitative evidence to support this notion. Perturbations of the folding free energy landscapes of metal-free versions of five ALS-inducing variants, A4V, L38V, G93A, L106V and S134N SOD1, were determined with a global analysis of kinetic and thermodynamic folding data for dimeric and stable monomeric versions of these variants. Utilizing this global analysis approach, the perturbations on the global stability in response to mutation can be partitioned between the monomer folding and association steps, and the effects of mutation on the populations of the folded and unfolded monomeric states can be determined. The 2- to 10-fold increase in the population of the folded monomeric state for A4V, L38V and L106V and the 80- to 480-fold increase in the population of the unfolded monomeric states for all but S134N would dramatically increase their propensity for aggregation through high-order nucleation reactions. The wild-type-like populations of these states for the metal-binding region S134N variant suggest that even wild-type SOD1 may also be prone to aggregation in the absence of metals

CCQM-K55.b (Aldrin) : Final report: october 2012. CCQM-K55.b key comparison on the characterization of organic substances for chemical purity

Under the auspices of the Organic Analysis Working Group (OAWG) of the Comité Consultatif pour la Quantité de Matière (CCQM) a key comparison, CCQM K55.b, was coordinated by the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) in 2010/2011. Nineteen national measurement institutes and the BIPM participated. Participants were required to assign the mass fraction of aldrin present as the main component in the comparison sample for CCQM-K55.b which consisted of technical grade aldrin obtained from the National Measurement Institute Australia that had been subject to serial recrystallization and drying prior to sub-division into the units supplied for the comparison. Aldrin was selected to be representative of the performance of a laboratory's measurement capability for the purity assignment of organic compounds of medium structural complexity [molar mass range 300 Da to 500 Da] and low polarity (pKOW < −2) for which related structure impurities can be quantified by capillary gas phase chromatography (GC). The key comparison reference value (KCRV) for the aldrin content of the material was 950.8 mg/g with a combined standard uncertainty of 0.85 mg/g. The KCRV was assigned by combination of KCRVs assigned by consensus from participant results for each orthogonal impurity class. The relative expanded uncertainties reported by laboratories having results consistent with the KCRV ranged from 0.3% to 0.6% using a mass balance approach and 0.5% to 1% using a qNMR method. The major analytical challenge posed by the material proved to be the detection and quantification of a significant amount of oligomeric organic material within the sample and most participants relying on a mass balance approach displayed a positive bias relative to the KCRV (overestimation of aldrin content) in excess of 10 mg/g due to not having adequate procedures in place to detect and quantify the non-volatile content—specifically the non-volatile organics content—of the comparison sample. There was in general excellent agreement between participants in the identification and the quantification of the total and individual related structure impurities, water content and the residual solvent content of the sample. The comparison demonstrated the utility of 1H NMR as an independent method for quantitative analysis of high purity compounds. In discussion of the participant results it was noted that while several had access to qNMR estimates for the aldrin content that were inconsistent with their mass balance determination they decided to accept the mass balance result and assumed a hidden bias in their NMR data. By contrast, laboratories that placed greater confidence in their qNMR result were able to resolve the discrepancy through additional studies that provided evidence of the presence of non-volatile organic impurity at the requisite level to bring their mass balance and qNMR estimates into agreement.Fil: Westwood, Steven. Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM); FranciaFil: Josephs, Ralf. Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM); FranciaFil: Choteau, Tiphaine. Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM); FranciaFil: Daireaux, Adeline. Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM); FranciaFil: Mesquida, Charline. Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM); FranciaFil: Wielgosz, Robert. Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM); FranciaFil: Rosso, Adriana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial (INTI); ArgentinaFil: Ruiz de Arechavaleta, Mariana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial (INTI); ArgentinaFil: Davies, Stephen. National Measurement Institute (NMIA); AustraliaFil: Wang, Hongjie. National Measurement Institute (NMIA); AustraliaFil: Pires do Rego, Eliane Cristina. Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia (INMetro); BrasilFil: Marques Rodrigues, Janaína. Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia (INMetro); BrasilFil: de Freitas Guimarães, Evelyn. Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia (INMetro); BrasilFil: Barreto Sousa, Marcus Vinicius. Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia (INMetro); BrasilFil: Monteiro, Tânia Maria. Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia (INMetro); BrasilFil: Alves das Neves Valente, Laura. Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia (INMetro); BrasilFil: Marques Violante, Fernando Gustavo. Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia (INMetro); BrasilFil: Rubim, Renato. Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia (INMetro); BrasilFil: Almeida, Ribeiro. Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia (INMetro); BrasilFil: Baptista Quaresma, Maria Cristina. Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia (INMetro); BrasilFil: Nogueira, Raquel. Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia (INMetro); BrasilFil: Windust, Anthony. Institute for National Measurement Standards. National Research Council Canada (NRC-INMS); CanadáFil: Dai, Xinhua. National Institute of Metrology (NIM); ChinaFil: Li, Xiaomin. National Institute of Metrology (NIM); ChinaFil: Zhang, Wei. National Institute of Metrology (NIM); ChinaFil: Li, Ming. National Institute of Metrology (NIM); ChinaFil: Shao, Mingwu. National Institute of Metrology (NIM); ChinaFil: Wei, Chao. National Institute of Metrology (NIM); ChinaFil: Wong, Siu-kay. Government Laboratory of Hong Kong SAR (GLHK); ChinaFil: Cabillic, Julie. Laboratoire National de Métrologie et d’Essais (LNE); FranciaFil: Gantois, Fanny. Laboratoire National de Métrologie et d’Essais (LNE); FranciaFil: Philipp, Rosemarie. Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung (BAM); AlemaniaFil: Pfeifer, Dietmar. Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung (BAM); AlemaniaFil: Hein, Sebastian. Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung (BAM); AlemaniaFil: Klyk-Seitz, Urszula-Anna. Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung (BAM); AlemaniaFil: Ishikawa, Keiichiro. National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ); JapónFil: Castro, Esther. Centro Nacional de Metrología (CENAM); MéxicoFil: Gonzalez, Norma. Centro Nacional de Metrología (CENAM); MéxicoFil: Krylov, Anatoly. D. I. Mendeleev Institute for Metrology (VNIIM); RusiaFil: Lin, Teo Tang. Health Sciences Authority (HSA); SingapurFil: Kooi, Lee Tong. Health Sciences Authority (HSA); SingapurFil: Fernandes-Whaley, M. National Metrology Institute of South Africa (NMISA); SudáfricaFil: Prévoo, D. National Metrology Institute of South Africa (NMISA); SudáfricaFil: Archer, M. National Metrology Institute of South Africa (NMISA); SudáfricaFil: Visser, R. National Metrology Institute of South Africa (NMISA); SudáfricaFil: Nlhapo, N. National Metrology Institute of South Africa (NMISA); SudáfricaFil: de Vos, B. National Metrology Institute of South Africa (NMISA); SudáfricaFil: Ahn, Seonghee. Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS); Corea del SurFil: Pookrod, Preeyaporn. National Institute of Metrology of Thailand (NIMT); TailandiaFil: Wiangnon, Kanjana. National Institute of Metrology of Thailand (NIMT); TailandiaFil: Sudsiri, Nittaya. National Institute of Metrology of Thailand (NIMT); TailandiaFil: Muaksang, Kittiya. National Institute of Metrology of Thailand (NIMT); TailandiaFil: Cherdchu, Chainarong. National Institute of Metrology of Thailand (NIMT); TailandiaFil: Gören, Ahmet Ceyhan. National Metrology Institute (TUBITAK UME); TurquíaFil: Bilsel, Mine. National Metrology Institute (TUBITAK UME); TurquíaFil: LeGoff, Thierry. LGC Limited; Reino UnidoFil: Bearden, Dan. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST); Estados UnidosFil: Bedner, Mary. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST); Estados UnidosFil: Duewer, David. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST); Estados UnidosFil: Hancock, Diane. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST); Estados UnidosFil: Lang, Brian. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST); Estados UnidosFil: Lippa, Katrice. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST); Estados UnidosFil: Schantz, Michele. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST); Estados UnidosFil: Sieber, John. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST); Estados Unido