A Search for Old Star Clusters in the Large Magellanic Cloud

We report the first results of a color-magnitude diagram survey of 25 candidate old LMC clusters. For almost all of the sample, it was possible to reach the turnoff region, and in many clusters we have several magnitudes of the main sequence. Age estimates based on the magnitude difference $\delta T_1$ between the giant branch clump and the turnoff revealed that no new old clusters were found. The candidates turned out to be of intermediate age (1-3 Gyr) We show that the apparently old ages as inferred from integrated UBV colors can be explained by a combination of stochastic effects produced by bright stars and by photometric errors for faint clusters lying in crowded fields. The relatively metal poor candidates from the CaII triplet spectroscopy also turned out to be of intermediate age. This, combined with the fact that they lie far out in the disk, yields interesting constraints regarding the formation and evolution of the LMC disk. We also study the age distribution of intermediate age and old clusters This homogeneous set of accurate relative ages allows us to make an improved study of the history of cluster formation/destruction for ages $>1$Gyr. We confirm previous indications that there was apparently no cluster formation in the LMC during the period from 3-8 Gyr ago, and that there was a pronounced epoch of cluster formation beginning 3 Gyrs ago that peaked at about 1.5 Gyrs ago. Our results suggest that there are few, if any, genuine old clusters in the LMC left to be found.Comment: LaTeX, to be published in Nov. 1997 Astronomical Journa

Open Cluster Characterization via Cross-Correlation with Spectral Library

We present a characterization method based on spectral cross-correlation to obtain the physical parameters of the controversial stellar aggregate ESO442-SC04. The data used was obtained with GMOS at Gemini-South telescope including 17 stars in the central region of the ob ject and 6 standard-stars. FXCOR was used in an iterative process to obtain self-consistent radial velocities for the standard-stars and averaged radial velocities for the science spectra. Spectral types, effective temperature, suface gravity and metallicities parameters were determined using FXCOR to correlate cluster spectra with ELODIE spectral library and selecting the best correlation matches using the Tonry and Davis Ratio (TDR). Analysis of the results suggests that the stars in ESO442-SC04 are not bound and therefore they do not constitute a physical system.Comment: 4-page paper from IAU symposium 266. Contains 3 eps figures and IAU document class file 'iau.cls

Qualidade de Vida Relacionada com a Saúde Oral: Perceção Parental das Crianças em Idade Pré‐Escolar

Resumo Enquadramento: O conhecimento dos determinantes de saúde que afetam a saúde oral e a qualidade de vida das crianças são da maior importância para alavancar a definição de políticas de redução do risco de doença e de promoção da saúde (DGS, 2008b). Objetivo: Avaliar a perceção dos pais sobre a Qualidade de Vida Relacionada com a Saúde Oral das crianças em idade pré-escolar. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo-correlacional e transversal. Foi utilizado o Questionário Qualidade de Vida Relacionado com a Saúde Oral das Crianças/Adolescentes (Q2VRSOC/A), construído por Pahel, Rozier e Slade, (2007) e traduzido e validado por Bica-Costa (2013), numa amostra de 412 pais/educadores de crianças (50,5% meninos e 49,5% meninas), com idades compreendidas entre os 3 e 6 anos ( ݔ̅=4,33; DP=0,934), a frequentar jardins de infância do distrito de Viseu. Resultados: Apurou-se que 47,5% das crianças/adolescentes apresenta bons hábitos de higiene oral; 31,9% fracos e 20,6% razoáveis. A Qualidade de Vida Relacionada com a Saúde Oral é influenciada pela idade da criança (p=.000); pela sua preferência alimentar (p=.014); pelo estado de saúde geral (p=.034) e oral (p=.000); pela abordagem da saúde e higiene oral realizada pelo enfermeiro (p=.026); pela observação da boca e dentes das crianças pelos pais (p=.006); pela consulta no dentista (p=.000) e pela presença de cáries dentárias (p=.000). Conclusão: Pelos resultados obtidos infere-se que quanto maior o impacto dos problemas orais, pior é a qualidade de vida relacionada com a saúde oral das crianças e, sendo assim, é de primordial importância desenvolver ações de educação para a saúde oral.Abstract Background: The knowledge of the determinants of health that affect oral health and quality of life of children are of paramount importance to leverage the definition of policies to reduce risk and promote health (DGS, 2008b). Objective: To evaluate the perception of parents on the Quality of Life Related to Oral Health of children in preschool age. Methodology: Study descriptive-correlational and cross. A questionnaire was used Quality of Life Related to Oral Health for Children / Teens (Q2VRSOC/A) in a sample of 412 parents/carers of children (50.5% boys and 49.5% girls), aged between 3 and 6 years (ݔ̅= 4.33; DP=0,934), who attended the kindergartens from the district of Viseu. Results: The majority of oral hygiene habits are good (47.5%), 31.9% are poor and 20.6% reasonable. The overall score Q2VRSOC/A is influenced by age (p = .000), food preference (p = .014), general and oral health (p = .034 p = .000, respectively); approach to health and oral hygiene performed by nurses (p = .026); observation of the mouth and teeth of children (p = .006); consultation at the dentist (p = .000); and for the presence of dental caries (p = .000). Conclusion: With regard to parental perception, the greater the impact of oral problems, the worse the quality of life related to oral health of children and therefore it is of paramount importance to develop education activities for oral healt

Parent's knowledge towards their child suffering from fever

INTRODUÇÃO A febre, um problema comum na infância, é uma das maiores preocupações dos pais nas situações de doença dos seus filhos, essencialmente pela falta de informação sobre o seu significado. OBJETIVO Identificar as variáveis sociodemográficas que interferem no conhecimento dos pais perante os filhos com febre. MÉTODOS Estudo quantitativo, transversal, descritivo e correlacional, numa amostra não probabilística por conveniência, constituída por 360 pais que frequentavam as consultas de vigilância de saúde infantil com os seus filhos, em instituições de saúde públicas da região centro de Portugal. O instrumento de colheita de dados, submetido a validação e pré-teste, foi construído pelos investigadores com base na revisão teórica. RESULTADOS Trata-se de uma amostra com uma média de idade de 34,7 anos (±7,9), maioritariamente feminina (51,7%). Os conhecimentos sobre a febre revelaram-se fracos nos pais com idade ≥ 38 anos (36.2%), a residirem na zona rural (69.3%) e com uma escolaridade até ao 9º ano (53.9%). Os pais com menos de 37 anos (68.2%), a residirem na zona urbana (53.0%) e com o ensino superior (43.3%) revelaram bons conhecimentos. CONCLUSÕES Os resultados revelam a necessidade dos enfermeiros capacitarem os pais para cuidar dos filhos com febre, promovendo a melhoria do nível de literacia em saúde.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Astrophysical properties of binary star clusters in the Small Magellanic Cloud

To study the evolution of binary star clusters we have imaged 7 systems in the Small Magellanic Cloud with SOAR 4-m telescope using B and V filters. The sample contains pairs with well-separated components (d < 30 pc) as well as systems that apparently merged, as evidenced by their unusual structures. By employing isochrone fittings to their CMDs we have determined reddening, age and metallicity and by fitting King models to their radial stellar density profile we have estimated core radius. Disturbances of the density profile are interpreted as an evidence of interaction. Circunstances as distances between components and their age difference are addressed in terms of the timescales involved to access the physical connection of the system. In two cases the age difference is above 50 Myr, which suggests chance alignment, capture or sequential star formation.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure. To appear in online version of Proc. IAU Symp. 266 (Star clusters), eds. R. de Grijs and J. Lepin

The VISCACHA survey : IV. The SMC West Halo in 8D

The structure of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) is very complex, in particular in the periphery that suffers more from the interactions with the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). A wealth of observational evidence has been accumulated revealing tidal tails and bridges made up of gas, stars, and star clusters. Nevertheless, a full picture of the SMC outskirts is only recently starting to emerge with a 6D phase-space map plus age and metallicity using star clusters as tracers. In this work, we continue our analysis of another outer region of the SMC, the so-called West Halo, and combined it with the previously analysed Northern Bridge. We use both structures to define the Bridge and Counter-bridge trailing and leading tidal tails. These two structures are moving away from each other, roughly in the SMC–LMC direction. The West Halo form a ring around the SMC inner regions that goes up to the background of the Northern Bridge shaping an extended layer of the Counter-bridge. Four old Bridge clusters were identified at distances larger than 8 kpc from the SMC centre moving towards the LMC, which is consistent with the SMC–LMC closest distance of 7.5 kpc when the Magellanic Bridge was formed about 150Myr ago; this shows that the Magellanic Bridge was not formed only by pulled gas, but it also removed older stars from the SMC during its formation. We also found age and metallicity radial gradients using projected distances on sky, which are vanished when we use the real 3D distances

An integrated decision support system for improving wildfire suppression management

Funding Information: This work was financially supported by FCT (National Foundation of Science and Technology) within the Research Unit CTS?Centre of Technology and Systems, UIDB/00066/2020, and the Project forester (PCIF/SSI/0102/2017). We would like to thank the authorities from the municipality of Ma??o, in particular to Engineer Ant?nio Louro, for the valuable support in establishing the user requirements and the feedback for the system?s validation. Special thanks to the Adjunct of National Operations in the National Command of Security Operations (CNOS) part of the National Authority of Civil Protection (ANPC) Alexandre Penha, for their input in the early stages of this work.Wildfires are expected to increase in number, extent, and severity due to climate change. Hence, it is ever more important to integrate technological developments and scientific knowledge into fire management aiming at protecting lives, infrastructure, and the environment. In this paper, a decision support system (DSS) adapted to the Portuguese context and based on multi-sensor technologies and geographic information system (GIS) functionalities is proposed to leverage operational data, enabling faster and more informed decisions to reduce the impact of wildfires. Here we present a flexible and reconfigurable DSS composed of three components: an ArcGIS online feature service that provides operational data and enables a collaborative environment of users that share operational data in near real-time; a mobile client application to interact with the system, enabling the use of GIS technology and visualization dashboards; and a multi-sensor device that collects field data providing value to external services. The design and validation of this system benefitted from the feedback of wildfire management specialists and a partnership with an end-user in the municipality of Mação that also helped establish the system requirements. The validation results demonstrated that a robust system was achieved with fully interoperable components that fulfill the defined system requirements.publishersversionpublishe

Integrated spectral evolution of galactic open clusters

We present a library of 47 open-cluster integrated spectra, mostly obtained at CASLEO (San Juan, Argentina) in the range 3600 < λ < 7400 Å, which are made available at CDS. The data are combined with previous spectra to obtain 10 high signal-to-noise ratio basic templates in the young and intermediate-age domains, which are also provided in the library. These Galactic disc templates represent the increased time resolution spectral evolution of a stellar population unit around the Solar metallicity level. The improved signal-to-noise ratio of the present templates with respect to previous template lists, together with their increased time resolution, allowed us to improve the fundamental parameters of some open clusters. The present spectral library will be useful for several astrophysical applications, particularly for population syntheses of star-forming giant galaxies.Fil: Piatti, Andres Eduardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciónes Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio; ArgentinaFil: Bica, Eduardo. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; BrasilFil: Clariá, Juan José. Universidad Nacional de Cordoba. Observatorio Astronomico de Cordoba; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Santos Jr., João F. C.. Universidade Federal do Minas Gerais; BrasilFil: Ahumada, Andrea Veronica. Universidad Nacional de Cordoba. Observatorio Astronomico de Cordoba; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

The VISCACHA survey - structure of outer MC star clusters

The Magellanic Clouds (MCs) constitute an interacting pair of galaxies influenced by the Milky Way gravitational field. Several studies have shown the effects of the changing tidal field on the structure of both Clouds. How the varying tidal field affects their stellar populations may be gauged via star clusters, where this connection may be more confidently stablished due to the accurate determination of the clusters astrophysical properties. Our objective is to perform an analysis of the structural parameters of 56 Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and 34 Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) clusters located in the galaxies outskirts searching for signatures of tidal- dynamical effects eventually altering their evolution. To achieve our goal, AO assisted observations in BVI bands with the 4.1m SOAR telescope have been carried out, in the scope of the VISCACHA (VIsible Soar photometry of star Clusters in tApii and Coxi HuguA) survey, in which an homogeneous, deep and high quality photometry is being produced. The structural parameters central stellar density, central surface brightness, core and tidal radius were obtained from King model fittings to the surface brightness and radial density profiles. By grouping clusters according to different regions we found that (i) the westernmost LMC clusters, the nearest ones to the SMC, have a larger dispersion of their core radius than those of the clusters located elsewhere; (ii) older clusters present a spread of core radius, similar to results from studies of inner MCs populous clusters.Fil: Santos Jr., João F. C.. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Brasil. Universidad de La Serena; ChileFil: Maia, F.. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Dias, B.. Universidad Andrés Bello; ChileFil: Kerber, L.. Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz; BrasilFil: Piatti, Andres Eduardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas. - Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas; ArgentinaFil: Bica, Eduardo. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; BrasilXVI Latin American Regional Meeting International Astronomical UnionAntofagastaChileSociedad Chilena de Astronomí

Ages and Metallicities of Star Clusters and Surrounding Fields in the Outer Disk of the Large Magellanic Cloud

We present Washington system C,T_1 CMDs of 13 star clusters and their surrounding fields which lie in the outer parts of the LMC disk. Ages are determined by means of the magnitude difference between the giant branch clump and the turnoff, while metallicities are derived from the location of the giant and subgiant branches as compared to fiducial star clusters. We find that in most cases the stellar population of each star cluster is quite similar to that of the field where it is embedded. Three particular fields present remarkable properties: (i) The so far unique cluster ESO121-SC03 at ~9 Gyr has a surrounding field which shares the same properties. (ii) The field surrounding the far eastern intermediate age cluster OHSC37 is noteworthy in the sense that we do not detect any evidence of LMC stars. (iii) The fields of SL388 and SL509 present CMDs with a secondary clump ~0.45 mag fainter than the dominant intermediate age clump, suggesting a stellar population component located behind the LMC disk at a distance comparable to that of the SMC. The mean metallicity derived for the intermediate age outer disk clusters is =-0.7 and for their surrounding fields =-0.6. These values are significantly lower than found by Olszewski et al. (1991, AJ, 101, 515) for a sample of clusters of similar age, but are in good agreement with several recent studies. A few clusters stand out in the age--metallicity relation in the sense that they are intermediate age clusters at relatively low metallicity ([Fe/H]~-1).Comment: LaTeX, to be published in July, 1998 Astronomical Journa