524 research outputs found
Excavations at the Viking Barrow Cemetery at Heath Wood, Ingleby, Derbyshire
The cemetery at Heath Wood, Ingleby, Derbyshire, is the only known Scandinavian cremation cemetery in the British Isles. It comprises fifty-nine barrows, of which about one-third have been excavated on previous occasions, although earlier excavators concluded that some were empty cenotaph mounds. From 1998 to 2000 three barrows were examined. Our investigations have suggested that each of the barrows contained a burial, although not all contain evidence of a pyre. A full report of the 1998-2000 excavations is provided, alongside a summary of the earlier finds. The relationship of Heath Wood to the neighbouring site at Repton is examined, in order to understand its significance for the Scandinavian settlement of the Danelaw. It is concluded that Heath Wood may have been a war cemetery of the Viking Great Army of AD 873-8
Nowhere to Hide: Radio-faint AGN in the GOODS-N field. I. Initial catalogue and radio properties
(Abridged) Conventional radio surveys of deep fields ordinarily have
arc-second scale resolutions often insufficient to reliably separate radio
emission in distant galaxies originating from star-formation and AGN-related
activity. Very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) can offer a solution by
identifying only the most compact radio emitting regions in galaxies at
cosmological distances where the high brightness temperatures (in excess of
K) can only be reliably attributed to AGN activity. We present the first
in a series of papers exploring the faint compact radio population using a new
wide-field VLBI survey of the GOODS-N field. The unparalleled sensitivity of
the European VLBI Network (EVN) will probe a luminosity range rarely seen in
deep wide-field VLBI observations, thus providing insights into the role of AGN
to radio luminosities of the order across cosmic
time. The newest VLBI techniques are used to completely cover an entire 7'.5
radius area to milliarcsecond resolutions, while bright radio sources ( mJy) are targeted up to 25 arcmin from the pointing centre. Multi-source
self-calibration, and a primary beam model for the EVN array are used to
correct for residual phase errors and primary beam attenuation respectively.
This paper presents the largest catalogue of VLBI detected sources in GOODS-N
comprising of 31 compact radio sources across a redshift range of 0.11-3.44,
almost three times more than previous VLBI surveys in this field. We provide a
machine-readable catalogue and introduce the radio properties of the detected
sources using complementary data from the e-MERLIN Galaxy Evolution survey
(eMERGE).Comment: 15 pages, 8 figures, accepted in A&A. Machine-readable table
available upon reques
The nature of supernovae 2010O and 2010P in Arp 299 - II. Radio emission
We report radio observations of two stripped-envelope supernovae (SNe), 2010O
and 2010P, which exploded within a few days of each other in the luminous
infrared galaxy Arp 299. Whilst SN 2010O remains undetected at radio
frequencies, SN 2010P was detected (with an astrometric accuracy better than 1
milli arcsec in position) in its optically thin phase in epochs ranging from ~1
to ~3yr after its explosion date, indicating a very slow radio evolution and a
strong interaction of the SN ejecta with the circumstellar medium. Our
late-time radio observations toward SN 2010P probe the dense circumstellar
envelope of this SN, and imply a mass-loss rate (Msun/yr) to wind velocity (in
units of 10 km/s) ratio of (3.0-5.1)E-05, with a 5 GHz peak luminosity of
~1.2E+27 erg/s/Hz on day ~464 after explosion. This is consistent with a Type
IIb classification for SN 2010P, making it the most distant and most slowly
evolving Type IIb radio SN detected to date.Comment: 14 pages, 8 tables and 7 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRA
The radio emission from active galactic nuclei
Context. For nearly seven decades, astronomers have been studying active galaxies, that is to say, galaxies with actively accreting central supermassive black holes: active galactic nuclei (AGN). A small fraction are characterized by luminous, powerful radio emission: This class is known as radio-loud AGN. A substantial fraction, the so-called radio-quiet AGN population, display intermediate or weak radio emission. However, an appreciable fraction of strong X-ray-emitting AGN are characterized by the absence of radio emission, down to an upper limit of about 10−7 times the luminosity of the most powerful radio-loud AGN.
Aims. We wish to address the nature of these – seemingly radio-silent – X-ray-luminous AGN and their host galaxies to determine if there is any radio emission, and, if so, where it originates.
Methods. Focusing on the GOODS-N field, we examine the nature of these objects, employing stacking techniques on ultra-deep radio data obtained with the JVLA. We combine these radio data with Spitzer far-infrared data.
Results. We establish the absence, or totally insignificant contribution, of jet-driven radio emission in roughly half of the otherwise normal population of X-ray-luminous AGN, which appear to reside in normal star-forming galaxies.
Conclusions. AGN- or jet-driven radio emission is simply a mechanism that may be at work or may be dormant in galaxies with actively accreting black holes. The latter cases can be classified as radio-silent AGN
Separation of haemopoietic cells for biochemical investigation. Preparation of erythroid and myeloid cells from human and laboratory-animal bone marrow and the separation of erythroblasts according to their state of maturation
AMI-LA Observations of the SuperCLASS Super-cluster
We present a deep survey of the SuperCLASS super-cluster - a region of sky
known to contain five Abell clusters at redshift - performed using
the Arcminute Microkelvin Imager (AMI) Large Array (LA) at 15.5GHz. Our
survey covers an area of approximately 0.9 square degrees. We achieve a nominal
sensitivity of Jy beam toward the field centre, finding 80
sources above a threshold. We derive the radio colour-colour
distribution for sources common to three surveys that cover the field and
identify three sources with strongly curved spectra - a high-frequency-peaked
source and two GHz-peaked-spectrum sources. The differential source count (i)
agrees well with previous deep radio source count, (ii) exhibits no evidence of
an emerging population of star-forming galaxies, down to a limit of 0.24mJy,
and (iii) disagrees with some models of the 15GHz source population.
However, our source count is in agreement with recent work that provides an
analytical correction to the source count from the SKADS Simulated Sky,
supporting the suggestion that this discrepancy is caused by an abundance of
flat-spectrum galaxy cores as-yet not included in source population models.Comment: 17 pages, 14 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRA
The Astrophysics of Star Formation Across Cosmic Time at >10 GHz with the Square Kilometre Array
e-MERLIN and VLBI observations of the luminous infrared galaxy IC883: a nuclear starburst and an AGN candidate revealed
The high star formation rates of luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs) make them
ideal places for core-collapse supernova (CCSN) searches. At radio frequencies,
free from dust extinction, it is possible to detect compact components within
the innermost LIRG nuclear regions, such as SNe and SN remnants, as well as AGN
buried deep in the LIRG nuclei. We studied the LIRG IC883 aiming at: (i)
investigating its (circum-)nuclear regions using the e-EVN at 5GHz, and
e-MERLIN at 6.9GHz, complemented by archival VLBI data; (ii) detecting at radio
frequencies the two recently reported circumnuclear SNe 2010cu and 2011hi,
which were discovered by near-IR (NIR) adaptive optics observations of IC883;
and (iii) further investigating the nature of SN2011hi at NIR by means of
observations with Gemini-North. The circumnuclear regions traced by e-MERLIN at
6.9GHz have an extension of ~1kpc, and show a striking double-sided structure,
which very likely corresponds to a warped rotating ring, in agreement with
previous studies. Our e-EVN observations at 5GHz and complementary archival
VLBI data at 5GHz and 8.4GHz, reveal the presence of various milliarcsec
compact components in the nucleus of IC883. A single compact source, an AGN
candidate, dominates the emission at both nuclear and circumnuclear scales, as
imaged with the e-EVN and e-MERLIN, respectively. The other milliarcsec
components are very suggestive of ongoing nuclear CCSN activity. Our e-EVN
observations also resulted in upper limits to the radio luminosity of the two
SNe in IC883 recently discovered at NIR. We refine the classification of
SN2011hi as a Type IIP SN according to our latest Gemini-North epoch from 2012,
in agreement with a low-luminosity radio SN nature. We estimate a CCSN rate
lower limit of 1.1_{-0.6}^{+1.3} yr^{-1} for the entire galaxy, based on three
nuclear radio SNe and the circumnuclear SNe 2010cu and 2011hi. (abridged)Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures and 2 tables. Accepted for publication in A&
Double radio peak and non-thermal collimated ejecta in RS Ophiuchi following the 2006 outburst
We report Multi-Element Radio-Linked Interferometer Network, Very Large Array, One-Centimetre Radio Array, Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA), Effelsberg and Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope observations beginning 4.5 days after the discovery of RS Ophiuchi undergoing its 2006 recurrent nova outburst. Observations over the first 9 weeks are included, enabling us to follow spectral development throughout the three phases of the remnant development. We see dramatic brightening on days 4 to 7 at 6 GHz and an accompanying increase in other bands, particularly 1.46 GHz, consistent with transition from the initial ‘free expansion’ phase to the adiabatic expansion phase. This is complete by day 13 when the flux density at 5 GHz is apparently declining from an unexpectedly early maximum (compared with expectations from observations of the 1985 outburst). The flux density recovered to a second peak by approximately day 40, consistent with behaviour observed in 1985. At all times the spectral index is consistent with mixed non-thermal and thermal emission. The spectral indices are consistent with a non-thermal component at lower frequencies on all dates, and the spectral index changes show that the two components are clearly variable. The estimated extent of the emission at 22 GHz on day 59 is consistent with the extended east and west features seen at 1.7 GHz with the VLBA on day 63 being entirely non-thermal. We suggest a two-component model, consisting of a decelerating shell seen in mixed thermal and non-thermal emission plus faster bipolar ejecta generating the non-thermal emission, as seen in contemporaneous VLBA observations. Our estimated ejecta mass of 4 ± 2 × 10−7 M⊙ is consistent with a white dwarf (WD) mass of 1.4 M⊙. It may be that this ejecta mass estimate is a lower limit, in which case a lower WD mass would be consistent with the data
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